NSP5 (rotavirus)

{{Pfam box

|Symbol=Rota_NS26

|InterPro=IPR002512

|Pfam=PF01525

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NSP5 (nonstructural protein 5) encoded by genome segment 11 of group A rotaviruses. In virus-infected cells NSP5 accumulates in the viroplasms. NSP5 has been shown to be autophosphorylated.{{cite journal | vauthors = Afrikanova I, Miozzo MC, Giambiagi S, Burrone O | title = Phosphorylation generates different forms of rotavirus NSP5 | journal = The Journal of General Virology | volume = 77 ( Pt 9) | issue = 9 | pages = 2059–65 | date = September 1996 | pmid = 8811003 | doi = 10.1099/0022-1317-77-9-2059 | doi-access = free }}

Interaction of NSP5 with NSP2 was also demonstrated.{{cite journal | vauthors = Afrikanova I, Fabbretti E, Miozzo MC, Burrone OR | title = Rotavirus NSP5 phosphorylation is up-regulated by interaction with NSP2 | journal = The Journal of General Virology | volume = 79 | issue = 11 | pages = 2679–86 | date = November 1998 | pmid = 9820143 | doi = 10.1099/0022-1317-79-11-2679 | doi-access = free }} In rotavirus-infected cells, the non-structural proteins NSP5 and NSP2 localize in complexes called viroplasms, where replication and assembly occur and they can drive the formation of viroplasm-like structures in the absence of other rotaviral proteins and rotavirus replication.{{cite journal | vauthors = Fabbretti E, Afrikanova I, Vascotto F, Burrone OR | title = Two non-structural rotavirus proteins, NSP2 and NSP5, form viroplasm-like structures in vivo | journal = The Journal of General Virology | volume = 80 ( Pt 2) | issue = 2 | pages = 333–9 | date = February 1999 | pmid = 10073692 | doi = 10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-333 | doi-access = free }}

There is no atomic-resolution structure of NSP5 determined as of June 2019. However, the low resolution three-dimensional structure of the NSP2-NSP5 assembly has been observed by cryo-EM. NSP5 occupies the same site as RNA when binding to NSP2. The EM data from this 2006 study has not been published.{{cite journal | vauthors = Jiang X, Jayaram H, Kumar M, Ludtke SJ, Estes MK, Prasad BV | title = Cryoelectron microscopy structures of rotavirus NSP2-NSP5 and NSP2-RNA complexes: implications for genome replication | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 80 | issue = 21 | pages = 10829–35 | date = November 2006 | pmid = 16928740 | pmc = 1641785 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.01347-06 }}