Nafaqah
{{Short description|Islamic term for financial support of a wife}}
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Nafaqah ({{langx|ar|نَفَقَة}}), nafaqa or nafkah is the Islamic legal term for the financial support a husband must provide for his wife (during marriage and for a time after divorce) and children.
Under an Islamic marriage agreement, the husband is obliged to pay for his wife's housing (including furniture{{cite book |last1=Akgündüz |first1=Ahmed |title=Islâmic private law |date=2017 |publisher=IUR Press |location=Rotterdam |isbn=978-9491898112}}), food and clothing in the course of their marriage.
The clothing consists of the following each year:{{Cite book |last=Işık |first=Hüseyin Hilmi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZU1vAgAAQBAJ |title=Seâdet-i Ebediyye Endless Bliss Sixth Fascicle |date=2013-11-27 |publisher=Hakikat Kitabevi |language=en}}
- Two dirs
- Long shirt with an openable collar
- Wool in winter
- Two khimars
- Alternatively, kerchief, headwrap or muffler
- Silk in winter
- Two milhafas
- Clothing a woman wears when she goes out
- Ample and long coat
- Silk in winter
- Underpants
- Thick coat
- Bed
- Blanket
He is generally also expected to pay for all her medical expenses, although schools of legal thought differ on this point.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6VeCWQfVNjkC |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |date=15 May 2003 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-512559-7 |language=en}} The obligation to pay nafaqa starts as soon as the wife moves into the conjugal dwelling.{{Cite book |last1=Ferrari |first1=Silvio |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cs-SDwAAQBAJ |title=Routledge Handbook of Religious Laws |last2=Bottoni |first2=Rossella |date=2019-04-09 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-315-51895-4 |language=en}} Depending on social class and agreement, nafaqah can also include support for the wife's family members or servants, so as to provide a living standard consistent with her peers.{{cite encyclopedia |year=2014 |title=Nafaqah |encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100221229 |editor=John L. Esposito}} In the event of divorce, the same mode of support is stipulated for three months afterwards. When a woman dies, her funeral expenses will be paid by her husband.{{Cite book |last=Işık |first=Hüseyin Hilmi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZU1vAgAAQBAJ |title=Seâdet-i Ebediyye Endless Bliss Sixth Fascicle |date=2013-11-27 |publisher=Hakikat Kitabevi |language=en}}
The financial rights of children encompass the right to livelihood, property and inheritance. The Quran imposes an obligation on the father to financially support the breast-feeding mother for their child's welfare and well-being.{{Cite book |last1=Rehman |first1=Javaid |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SNKLEAAAQBAJ |title=The Asian Yearbook of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law: Volume 6 |last2=Shahid |first2=Ayesha |last3=Foster |first3=Steve |date=2022-09-19 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-52080-6 |language=en}} A son will be paid nafaqa until he reaches puberty. Daughters will be supported until they get married.{{Cite book |last=Işık |first=Hüseyin Hilmi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZU1vAgAAQBAJ |title=Seâdet-i Ebediyye Endless Bliss Sixth Fascicle |date=2013-11-27 |publisher=Hakikat Kitabevi |language=en}} If a poor person earns only a bare pittance, it will not be fard for him to pay nafaqa to his poor father.