Nagbahal
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Nagbahal is located in the heart of the city of Lalitpur in the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. Nagbahal was originally a Buddhist monastery, but the original buildings are now gone. What is left is a large courtyard or park. In spite of that, this bahal still retains its religious and cultural significance.
Around 5000 people live in the Nagbahal community, mainly from Newar ethnic groups.{{Citation needed|date=April 2022}}
History
The history of Nagbahal is not entirely clear. The presence of an 8th century stele with four Buddhist sculptures on it and two chaityas, likely dating from the Licchavi Kingdom (c.400-750 AD) are an indication of a Buddhist presence in the area at that time.Buddhist Monasteries of Nepal: Survey of Bahas and Bahis of Kathmandu Valley by John K. Locke, Sahayogi Press Pvt. Ltd., Tripureswar, Kathmandu, Nepal, 1985, p 56-58
Many of the residents of the courtyard are Buddhists and affiliated with the sangha of the Hiranya Varna Mahavihar. The Dhakhwa family is one of the most renowned noble families who have been dwelling in Nagbahal since ancient times. Along with the Dhakhwas there are other families: Shakya, Joshi, Bajracharya, Maharjan, and Napit.{{Citation needed|date=April 2022}}
Temples
File:Patan-80-Vajra-Stupa-2013-gje.jpg
The Dyalko Bhagwan Temple, the main temple of Nagbahal, is located more or less in the centre of the courtyard. It is a relatively new, two storey building in the Newa style of architecture, built like a Nepalese sattal. In the past the building has been used as a Buddhist school. The statue of the deity inside the temple is a Shakyamuni Buddha. A second votive sculpture in the temple is of Mahakala.[https://www.academia.edu/34244942/Conservation_Report_on_Dyalko_Vagawan_Golden_Temple_and_Nag_Baha_Hiti Inspection & Inventory Report On: Dyalko Bhagawan Temple, Golden Temple (Kwa: Bahal), Nag Baha: Hiti] by Pukar Bhandari, 4/16/2073, retrieved 26 July 2019 The maintenance of the temple is in the hands of a guthi.
In front of the entrance to the temple, there are a stupa and a vajra on a pedestal.
Along the south side of the courtyard there is a row of three chaityas, two of which are partly built in the Licchavi style. A total of seven chaityas can be found on the premises.
One of the more prominent secular buildings in Nagbahal is of the Adarsa Saral School, just north of Nagbahal Hiti.[https://www.google.nl/maps/place/Shree+Chandee+Adarsha+Saral+Secondary+School/@27.6760158,85.3242678,20z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39eb19c5fcfd04ab:0xc37413dacbe89c31!8m2!3d27.676079!4d85.3242838 Shree Chandee Adarsha Saral Secondary School], retrieved 17 September 2022
Nagbahal Hiti
{{main article|Nagbahal Hiti}}
Another important feature of Nagbahal is a stone spout dating back to the ancient history of Nepal.{{cite web|url=http://www.spacesnepal.com/archives/nov_dec08/nagbahal_hiti.htm|title=Preserving the Nagbahal Hiti|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326110807/http://www.spacesnepal.com/archives/nov_dec08/nagbahal_hiti.htm|archivedate=2012-03-26}} After having been dry for a considerable time, the Nag Bahal Hiti Rehabilitation project restored the hiti, funded by the US Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation and supported by the Nagbahal Hiti User Group. The works included repairing the inlet and outlet channels of the hiti, while at the same time mapping the channel for future maintenance.[https://www.aicomos.com/wp-content/uploads/Preserving-the-Hiti-Ancient-Water-Spout-System-of-Nepal-full-paper.pdf Preserving the Hiti, Ancient Water Spout System of Nepal] by Jharna Joshi, Proceedings of Fabric, The Threads of Conservation, Australia ICOMOS Conference, 2015, retrieved 12 September 2019 Unfortunately, the water has since been contaminated by sewage from a broken sewer line. Only people who do not know this are using the water now.[https://www.worldfoodprize.org/documents/filelibrary/images/youth_programs/2014_interns/2014_br_research_papers/SnyderAbigail_LONGReport_56ED38F157B76.pdf Shortage in the Mountains of Plenty: Water Supply in Mountain and Hill Cities throughout the Hindu-Kush Himalayan Region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210322165446/https://www.worldfoodprize.org/documents/filelibrary/images/youth_programs/2014_interns/2014_br_research_papers/SnyderAbigail_LONGReport_56ED38F157B76.pdf |date=2021-03-22 }} by Abigail Snyder, 2014 Borlaug-Ruan International Internship, ICIMOD, Lalitpur, Nepal and The World Food Prize Foundation, Des Moines, Iowa, retrieved 30 September 2019
Samyak Mahadan
{{main article|Samyak}}
Every five years the Newar Buddhist festival Samyak Mahadan is held for two days at Nagbahal. The festival celebrates Dīpankara Buddha, a Buddha of the past. All images of Dīpankara Buddha are assembled from in and around Patan and carried around on the square to receive offerings from devotees.[https://www.nepalitimes.com/latest/samyak-mahadan/ Samyak Mahadan], Nepali Times, 27 February 2020, retrieved 25 March 2022
Samyak Mahadan is also celebrated in Bhaktapur and Kathmandu, but at different intervals.
Dipankha Yatra
{{main article|Dipankha Yatra}}
Nagbahal, and especially the sculpture of Neel Thu, The Blue Horned Oxen, is the starting point of the Dipankha Yatra, a {{convert|66|km}} long procession to over a hundred religious sites in the Kathmandu Valley.[https://tunza.eco-generation.org/ambassadorReportView.jsp?viewID=4923 Dipankha Yatra - A longest Heritage Walk], Tunza Eco Generation, 7 November 2013, retrieved 25 March 2022
See also
References
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External links
{{Commons cat|Nag Bahal, Patan}}
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny6OOqggT7c Heroines of Nagbahal] Short documentary about the women of Nagbahal by Tara Manandhar, British Council, 2019