Nain Singh Thapa
{{Short description|Nepalese Kaji (minister) and a military general}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|honorific-prefix= General Kaji
|name=Nain Singh Thapa
|native_name=जनरल काजी
नैनसिंह थापा
|image= Nain Singh Thapa.jpg
|caption = Portrait of Thapa Kaji Nain Singh
|birth_date = {{circa}} AD 1777
|birth_place = Borlang, Gorkha district
|death_date = 1728 Saka Era (1806/07 AD)
|death_place = Kangra Fort, Garhwal Kingdom
|father= Amar Singh Thapa (sardar)
|mother= Satyarupa Maya
|children= Mathabar Singh Thapa, Queen Tripurasundari of Nepal, Ujir Singh Thapa, Ganesh Kumari (mother of Jung Bahadur Rana)
|residence = Thapathali Durbar
|rank= General
|battles= Battles of Unification of Nepal
|allegiance ={{flag|Nepal}}
|relatives = Bhimsen Thapa (brother)
Ranajit Pande (father-in-law)
Balbhadra Kunwar (nephew)
Jang Bahadur Rana (grandson)
}}
Nain Singh Thapa or Nayan Singh Thapa ({{langx|ne|नैनसिंह थापा/नयनसिंह थापा}}) (died late 1806 or early 1807) was a Nepalese Kaji (minister) and a military general. He died in the offensive campaign of Kangra from bullet injury. He was the owner of the Thapathali Durbar temple complex.
Career
He was a Kaji and General of Nepal Army.{{sfn|Hamal|1995|p=125}} A royal order was decreed on Ashwin Sudi 2, 1862 V.S. (September 1805), for the preparations of the Kangra campaign.{{sfn|Regmi|1999|p=62}} In September 1805, while being deputed at Kangra Fort, his brother Mukhtiyar Bhimsen Thapa ordered him to arrest military deserters.{{sfn|Regmi|1999|p=75}} Gorkhali forces under Badakaji Amar Singh Thapa, Rudrabir [Shah] and Nain Singh overran Nalagarh and crossed Sutlej river.{{sfn|Datta|1997|p=5}} They fought against and defeated King Sansar Chand at Mahal Mori in May 1806.{{sfn|Datta|1997|p=5}}{{sfn|Punjabi University|1988|p=193}} Sansar Chand fled to Kangra fort{{sfn|Punjabi University|1988|p=193}} after taking refuge at Sujanpur Tira.{{sfn|Datta|1997|p=5}} Widow of Kirti Chand, Commander of Kangra Army and Nain Singh, the Nepalese commander led the battle at Tira Sujanpur.{{sfn|Lal|1993|p=85}} The Gorkhali invasion became persistent and irresistible.{{sfn|Punjabi University|1988|p=193}} On Saturday V.S. 1863 Kartik Badi 13 (i.e. 8 November 1806), there was a letter which positioned Bhakti Thapa under the joint authority of Badakaji Amar Singh Thapa and Nain Singh.{{sfn|Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies|1985|p=185}} Nain Singh came with a reinforcement of 1500 men along with Sardar Udatta Shahi leading 3 companies while Subba Ranganath Gurung and Prahlad Gurung had led 4 companies.{{sfn|D.R. Regmi|1975|p=199}} Nain Singh and Amar Singh were entrusted with the main Nain Singh fought at Kangra fort and was mortally wounded from which he died{{sfn|Hamal|1995|p=206}}{{sfn|D.R. Regmi|1975|p=203}} in the winter of 1806/1807.{{sfn|Whelpton|1991|p=254}} The Bhasavamshawali also states the death of Nain Singh on 1728 Saka Era i.e. (1806/7) A.D.{{sfn|Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies|1985|p=185}} The event was sketched by 19th-century Garhwali poet and painter Mola Ram. In an 1852 interview, Jang Bahadur Rana mentioned the death of his maternal grandfather Nain Singh at Kangra.{{sfn|Whelpton|1991|p=254}}
Family tree
{{Main|Thapa dynasty}}
File:Nain Singh Thapa dead.jpg]]
He was born as second son to Sanukaji Amar Singh Thapa.{{sfn|Pradhan|2012|p=23}} Nayan Singh Thapa had 4 brothers – Bhimsen Thapa, Bhaktawar Singh, Amrit Singh and Ranbir Singh and two step-brothers – Ranzawar and Ranbam.{{sfn|Pradhan|2012|p=23}} He was father of Mathabarsingh Thapa, Queen Tripurasundari of Nepal and grandfather of Jung Bahadur Rana.{{sfn|Shaha|1982|p=44}} He was the son-in-law of Chief Kazi Ranajit Pande of noble Pande family and father-in-law of Kazi Bal Narsingh Kunwar of the noble Kunwar Rana family.{{cite book |last=JBR|first=PurushottamShamsher|date=1990 |title=Shree Teen Haruko Tathya Britanta|language=ne|location=Bhotahity, Kathmandu|publisher=Vidarthi Pustak Bhandar|isbn=99933-39-91-1}} Kumar Pradhan asserts that Sher Jung Thapa was son of Nain Singh Thapa, whom Bhimsen adopted{{sfn|Pradhan|2012|p=23}} while Baburam Acharya contradicts that Sher Jung Thapa was nephew of Mathabarsingh Thapa and was sixteen years old in April 1835.{{sfn|Acharya|2012|pp=152–153}}
{{family tree/start |summary= Ganesh Kumari, the mother of Jung Bahadur Rana, founder of Rana dynasty, was the daughter of Kaji Nain Singh Thapa and Rana Kumari Pande, daughter of Kaji Tularam Pande. Mathabarsingh Thapa Ujir Singh Thapa was son of Kaji Nain Singh Thapa.{{sfn|Hamal|1995|p=206}} Lalit Tripurasundari was daughter of Kaji Nain Singh Thapa.{{sfn|Acharya|2012|p=3}} Ranojjwal Singh was born to Mathabarsingh Thapa.{{cite book |last=Shrestha|first=Srikrishna |date=1996|title=Jangabahadura|language=ne|location=Kathmandu}}}}
{{tree chart|border=0| | | | | NST|y| RKP | NST=Nain Singh Thapa |RKP=Rana Kumari Pande }}
{{tree chart|border=0| |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.|}}
{{tree chart|border=0| GK| | QTS| | UST| | MST | | GK = Ganesh Kumari* | QTS= Queen Tripurasundari of Nepal
(born 1794)|| UST =Ujir Singh Thapa
(born 1796) | MST = Mathabarsingh Thapa
(born 1798) }}
{{tree chart|border=0| | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.|}}
{{tree chart|border=0| | | | | | RST | | | BST | | AST | |RST =Ranojjwal Singh Thapa |BST=Bikram Singh Thapa |AST= Amar Singh Thapa II}}
{{tree chart/end}}
{{sfn|Acharya|2012}}
{{sfn|Pradhan|2012|p=22-23}}
- Ganesh Kumari is mother of Jung Bahadur Rana, founder of Rana dynasty.
He was the owner of Thapathali Durbar.
References
{{Reflist}}
Sources
{{div col}}
- {{citation | authorlink = Kumar Pradhan | last = Pradhan | first = Kumar L. | title = Thapa Politics in Nepal: With Special Reference to Bhim Sen Thapa, 1806–1839 | publisher = Concept Publishing Company | year = 2012 | isbn = 9788180698132 | location = New Delhi | pages = 278 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7PP1yElRzIUC&q=the+assassination+of+rana+bahadur+shah }}
- {{citation | last = Acharya | first = Baburam | editor-last = Acharya | editor-first = Shri Krishna |title = Janaral Bhimsen Thapa : Yinko Utthan Tatha Pattan | location = Kathmandu | year = 2012 | pages = 228 | language = ne | publisher = Education Book House | isbn = 9789937241748}}
- {{cite book |last=Regmi |first=Mahesh Chandra |year=1999 |title=Imperial Gorkha: sn account of Gorkhali rule in Kumaun (1791-1814) |publisher=Adroit Publications |isbn=9788187392026|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BIJuAAAAMAAJ}}
- {{cite book |last=Whelpton |first=John |year=1991 |title=Kings, soldiers, and priests: Nepalese politics and the rise of Jang Bahadur Rana, 1830-1857 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=h3huAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Manohar Publications |page=254 |isbn=9788185425641}}
- {{cite book |last=Hamal |first=Lakshman B. |year=1995 |title=Military history of Nepal |publisher=Sharda Pustak Mandir |page=125 |oclc=32779233}}
- {{cite book |last=Shaha |first=Rishikesh |year=1982 |title=Essays in the Practice of Government in Nepal |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=uJqOAAAAMAA|publisher=Manohar |page=44 |oclc=9302577}}
- {{cite book |last= Datta|first= Chaman Lal|year= 1997|title=The raj and the Simla Hill states: socio-economic problems, agrarian disturbances and paramountcy |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=aRJuAAAAMAAJ |publisher=ABS Publications |isbn =9788170720720}}
- {{cite book |author =Punjabi University |year=1988 |title=Proceedings, Volume 21|publisher= Punjabi University |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=akZuAAAAMAAJ}}
- {{cite book |last= Lal|first= Prem Hari Har|year= 1993|title=The Doon Valley Down the Ages|publisher = Interprint|location= Dehradun, India |isbn=9788185017648|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pm_iAAAAMAAJ}}
- {{Cite book|last=D.R. Regmi|year=1975 |title=Modern Nepal vol.1|publisher=Firma KL Mukhopadhyay|isbn=9780883864913 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TChuAAAAMAAJ}}
- {{Cite book|author= Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies|year=1985|title=Contributions to Nepalese studies, Volumes 13-14|publisher =Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qG0MAQAAMAAJ}}
{{div col end}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Thapa, Nain Singh}}
Category:Nepalese military personnel killed in action
Category:People from Gorkha District