Nalgonda

In the past, Nalgonda was referred to as Nilagiri. During the medieval Bahamani kingdom, it was renamed Nalgunda.{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924088964154/page/n6|title=Caste, Tribes|date=1920|work=The castes and tribes of H.E.H. the Nizam's dominions by Siraj-ul-Hassan, Syed|publisher=Bombay : The Times Press}} The name was changed to "Nalgonda" for official uses during the rule of the later Nizam kings.

{{Main|Telangana Rebellion}}

There is archaeological evidence that Paleolithic people lived in the area that is now Nalgonda, fashioning tools and weapons out of stone. Some of these implements have been found in the Nalgonda area, similar to those discovered at the Sloan archaeological site in Arkansas.

Traces of Neolithic culture were found at Chota Yelupu, where sling stones and other contemporary objects were excavated. Evidence of Megalithic culture was also found via the discovery of innumerable burials at various places around Nalgonda.

The political history of the Nalgonda district commences with the Mauryas. During the reign of Ashoka the Great, the Mauryas maintained control over the Nalgonda region. Later, the Satavahanas, who ruled between 230 BC and 218 BC, took control of the area.

During this period, the region established trade contacts with the Roman Empire.

In 227 AD, the Ikshvaku dynasty took control of the region. During this period, members of various Saka tribes migrated to the area. Buddhism flourished during this time.

After the Ikshvakus, the Pallavas and Yadavas fought for supremacy over the region. However, after Samudragupta (c. 335 AD – c. 375 AD) invaded and conquered most of India, the area fell under the control of his Gupta Empire. The Empire fell in the 6th century.

Starting in the 6th century, the Chalukya dynasty ruled the modern-day Nalgonda region, as well as much of southern and central India. A major portion of the Nalgonda area appears to have passed from the Chalukyas of Badami to the Rashtrakutas. However, the Rashtrakutas fell in 973, and power shifted to the Chalukyas of Kalyani. The Chalukyas continued to rule the area until the end of the 12th century.

During the medieval era, the Kakatiya dynasty took control of the region from the western Chalukyas. During the reign of Prataparudra II, in 1323, the kingdom was annexed to the Tughluq Empire.

When Muhammad bin Tughluq ruled (around 1324–1351), Musunuri chief Kapayanayaka ceded a part of Nalgonda to Ala-ud-din Hasan Bahman Shah of the Bahmani Sultanate. He annexed the region to the Bahmani Kingdom.

In 1455, Jalal Khan he declared himself king at Nalgonda, but this was short-lived. He was quickly defeated and the region brought back to the Bahmani Kingdom.

During the time of the Bahmani Sultan Shihabud-din Mahmun, Sultan Quli was appointed as tarafdar of the Telangana region (now the state of Telangana). Quli's son, Jamshid, took control of the region from his father. Later, Qutub Shahis took control of the region, and maintained it until 1687.

Nizam-ul-Mulk (Asaf Jah I) defeated Mubasiz Khan at Shaker Khere in Berar and ruled the Deccan autonomously. This district, like the other districts of Telangana, was controlled by Asaf Jahis, and remained under their rule for nearly two hundred and twenty-five years.

Nalgonda is located at {{Coord|17.050|N|79.2667|E|}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/02/Nalgonda.html|title=Nalgonda|publisher=Fallingrain|work=fallingrain.com|access-date=2014-07-30}} It has an average elevation of {{convert|420|m}}.

{{Weather box

| location = Nalgonda (1991–2020, extremes 1975–2020)

| metric first = Y

| single line = Y

| Jan record high C = 36.5

| Feb record high C = 39.5

| Mar record high C = 43.5

| Apr record high C = 45.2

| May record high C = 47.0

| Jun record high C = 46.3

| Jul record high C = 39.8

| Aug record high C = 38.8

| Sep record high C = 38.7

| Oct record high C = 37.5

| Nov record high C = 36.0

| Dec record high C = 35.0

| year record high C = 46.3

| Jan high C = 30.9

| Feb high C = 33.3

| Mar high C = 36.9

| Apr high C = 39.3

| May high C = 41.3

| Jun high C = 37.1

| Jul high C = 34.0

| Aug high C = 33.1

| Sep high C = 33.4

| Oct high C = 32.6

| Nov high C = 30.9

| Dec high C = 30.4

| year high C = 34.6

| Jan low C = 17.6

| Feb low C = 19.6

| Mar low C = 22.5

| Apr low C = 25.4

| May low C = 28.1

| Jun low C = 27.0

| Jul low C = 25.7

| Aug low C = 25.2

| Sep low C = 24.8

| Oct low C = 23.3

| Nov low C = 20.6

| Dec low C = 17.9

| year low C = 23.4

| Jan record low C = 10.0

| Feb record low C = 14.0

| Mar record low C = 15.3

| Apr record low C = 20.0

| May record low C = 20.6

| Jun record low C = 21.8

| Jul record low C = 21.6

| Aug record low C = 20.8

| Sep record low C = 19.8

| Oct record low C = 16.2

| Nov record low C = 13.4

| Dec record low C = 10.6

| year record low C = 10.0

| rain colour = green

| Jan rain mm = 9.2

| Feb rain mm = 6.9

| Mar rain mm = 5.3

| Apr rain mm = 16.6

| May rain mm = 39.0

| Jun rain mm = 95.2

| Jul rain mm = 140.7

| Aug rain mm = 147.2

| Sep rain mm = 168.9

| Oct rain mm = 141.4

| Nov rain mm = 30.1

| Dec rain mm = 6.1

| year rain mm = 806.5

| Jan rain days = 0.4

| Feb rain days = 0.4

| Mar rain days = 0.3

| Apr rain days = 1.0

| May rain days = 1.9

| Jun rain days = 5.0

| Jul rain days = 6.9

| Aug rain days = 7.5

| Sep rain days = 6.8

| Oct rain days = 5.1

| Nov rain days = 2.3

| Dec rain days = 0.4

| year rain days = 37.9

|time day = 17:30 IST

| Jan humidity = 47

| Feb humidity = 45

| Mar humidity = 41

| Apr humidity = 38

| May humidity = 36

| Jun humidity = 50

| Jul humidity = 61

| Aug humidity = 64

| Sep humidity = 67

| Oct humidity = 64

| Nov humidity = 59

| Dec humidity = 53

|year humidity = 51

|source 1 = India Meteorological Department{{cite web

| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf

| title = Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020

| publisher = India Meteorological Department

| access-date = April 8, 2024

}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf

| archive-date = 5 February 2020

| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf

| title = Station: Nalgonda Climatological Table 1981–2010

| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010

| publisher = India Meteorological Department

| date = January 2015

| pages = 529–530

| access-date = 19 February 2020}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf

| archive-date = 5 February 2020

| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf

| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)

| publisher = India Meteorological Department

| date = December 2016

| page = M14

| access-date = 19 February 2020}}

}}Nalgonda has been ranked 2nd best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 3  population under 3 lakhs cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results'{{Cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024 |url=https://prana.cpcb.gov.in/ncapServices/robust/fetchFilesFromDrive/Swachh_Vayu_Survekshan_2024_Result.pdf |website=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024}}

{{Historical Populations

|source = {{Cite web | title=Census tables {{!}} Government of India | url=https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/census-tables | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509161148/https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/census-tables | access-date=2025-05-10 | archive-date=2022-05-09}}

|1931|9,711

|1941 |12,674

|1951|22,183

|1961|24,383

|1971|33,126

|1981 |62,458

|1991|84,910

|2001|110,286

|2011|135744

}}

{{As of|2011}} census of India, Nalgonda had a population of 135,744; of which 67,971 are male and 67,773 are female. An average of 86.83% city population were literate; where 92.91% of them were male and 80.78% were female literates.{{Cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/125-nalgonda.html|title=Nalgonda District Population Census 2011-2019, Andhra Pradesh literacy sex ratio and density|website=www.census2011.co.in|access-date=2019-04-22}}

The municipality of Nalgonda was categorized as a "Grade-III municipality" when it was first created in 1941. It is now a "Special Grade Municipality."

Nalgonda's jurisdictional area is spread over {{convert|105|km2|abbr=on}}.{{cite web|title=Basic Information of Municipality|url=http://cdma.telangana.gov.in/Nalgonda/Basic_information_Municipality.html|website=Municipal Administration & Urban Development Department|publisher=Government of Telangana|access-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505010811/http://cdma.telangana.gov.in/Nalgonda/Basic_information_Municipality.html|archive-date=5 May 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} Its population is distributed over an area of {{convert|123.54|km2|abbr=on}}, which includes residents of the municipality Nalgonda, the rural areas of Panagallu, Gollaguda, Cherlapalli, Arjalabhavi, Gandhamvarigudam, and Marriguda.

Nalgonda is being developed as part of KTR mantra of 3-D, Digitise, Decarbonize and Decentralize. As such it has an IT Tower.

{{cite web | url=https://www.newstap.in/telangana/ktr-inaugurates-nizamabads-it-tower-nalgonda-and-adilabad-next-1488923 | title=KTR inaugurates Nizamabad's IT Tower, Nalgonda and Adilabad next | date=9 August 2023 }}{{cite web | url=https://www.indiaherald.com/Politics/Read/994634324/Telangana-Nalgondas-yearwait-for-IT-Tower-ends | title=Telangana Nalgonda's 14-year-wait for IT Tower ends }}{{cite web | url=https://telanganatoday.com/ktr-assures-t-hub-and-task-centres-in-nalgonda | title=KTR assures T-Hub and TASK centres in Nalgonda | date=2 October 2023 }}

File:APSRTC Busbay Nalgonda.jpg

The city is connected to major cities and towns by means of road and railways. National and state highways that pass through the city are National Highway 565, State highway 2 and 18.{{cite web|title=Bus Stations|url=http://www.tsrtc.telangana.gov.in/BusStations.php|website=TSRTC|access-date=20 May 2016}} Also National Highway 65 (Hyderabad to Vijayawada) passes through Nalgonda District.

TGSRTC operates buses from Nalgonda to various destinations in Telangana state.

Nalgonda railway station provides rail connectivity to the city. It is classified as a B–category station in Guntur railway division of the South Central Railway zone and is located on the Pagidipalli-Nallapadu section of the division.{{cite web|title=Evolution of Guntur Division|url=http://www.scr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris/uploads/files/1446709035601-Genearal%20data-01-11-15.pdf|website=South Central Railway|access-date=30 November 2015|page=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208185851/http://www.scr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris/uploads/files/1446709035601-Genearal%20data-01-11-15.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}

File:NagarjunaSagarDam.JPG

Nalgonda contains several religious sites, including Maruthi Mandir and Kolanupaka Temple, a Jain shrine. Other attractions include the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam, a Gowthama Buddha Museum, and the Bhuvanangiri Fort, built by Tribhuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI, panagallu someswara temple and many masjid built by Alamgir in and around the district.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}

As district headquarters, Nalgonda serves as a hub for primary and secondary education for surrounding villages. Nalgonda has many primary and upper primary schools, offering instruction in Telugu, Urdu, and English.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}

It also contains a number of colleges specializing in engineering, medicine, pharmacy, and sciences, as well as vocational colleges.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}

There are also many state government-operated schools and colleges in the city, such as Nagarjuna Government Degree college.{{cite web|url=http://ngcnalgonda.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126140925/http://www.ngcnalgonda.org/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=26 January 2010|title=Nagarjuna Government College-NALGONDA|work=ngcnalgonda.org}}

• Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences
• Mahatma Gandhi University, Nalgonda
• Government Medical College, Nalgonda

• Nalgonda (Assembly constituency)

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20140808031659/http://cdma.telangana.gov.in/Nalgonda/ Nalgonda Municipality]

{{Telangana}}

{{Nalgonda District}}

{{Municipalities of Telangana}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cities and towns in Nalgonda district

Category:Municipalities of Telangana

Category:District headquarters of Telangana

Category:Cities in Telangana