Nanshan Island
{{Short description|Island in the South China Sea}}
{{Refimprove|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox islands
| disputed = yes
| name = Nanshan Island
| type = island
| other_names =
Lawak Island (Philippine English)
Pulo ng Lawak (Filipino)
馬歡島 / 马欢岛 Mǎhuān Dǎo (Chinese)
Đảo Vĩnh Viễn (Vietnamese)
| image_name = Nanshan Island.png
| image_caption = Nanshan Island
| pushpin_map = Spratly Islands relief
| location = South China Sea
| coordinates = {{Coord|10|44|N|115|48|E|display=inline,title|name=Nanshan Island}}
| archipelago = Spratly Islands
| country = {{PHL}}
| country_admin_divisions_title = Region
| country_admin_divisions = IV-B - MIMAROPA
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = Province
| country_admin_divisions_1 = Palawan
| country_admin_divisions_title_2 = Municipality
| country_admin_divisions_2 = Kalayaan
| country1 = {{PHL}}
| country2 = {{CHN}}
| country4 = {{VNM}}
| additional_info = {{maplink|frane-align=center|frame=yes|plain=yes|center|thumb|type=shape|stroke-width=1|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=14}}
}}
Nanshan Island, also known as Lawak Island ({{langx|fil|Pulo ng Lawak|lit=Island of Vastness}}; Mandarin {{zh|c=馬歡島/马欢岛|p=Mǎhuān Dǎo|s=|t=}}; {{langx|vi|Đảo Vĩnh Viễn}}), is the eighth largest natural island of the Spratly Islands, and the fourth largest of the Philippine-occupied islands (none of the Philippine-occupied islands have any significant amount of reclaimed land). It has an area of {{convert|7.93|ha|acre}}. It is located {{convert|98|miles|km}} east of Thitu Island (Pag-asa).
On April 5, 2024, the island is administered by the Kalayaan Island Group, Philippines as a part of Kalayaan, Palawan by virtue of the Memorandum of Agreement signed by Governor Victorino Dennis M. Socrates, Chairman, Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff in partnership with United States Agency for International Development through its “Sustainable Interventions for Biodiversity, Ocean, and Landscapes (Sibol)” project. In September 2022, the PCSD declared it as a critical habitat.{{cite news |last1=Padrones |first1= Helen Mae |title=Lawak Island to be managed by Kalayaan LGU|url=https://palawan-news.com/lawak-island-to-be-managed-by-kalayaan-lgu/ |accessdate=April 11, 2024 |publisher=palawan-news.com |date=April 5, 2024}}
Environment
This island serves as a sanctuary for migratory birds like the Sooty tern, about 4,190, Brown noddy, about 45, and Greater crested tern with 32, which are considered vulnerable in the Philippine Red List of Threatened Fauna. The Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD) is tasked to protect at least these three endangered species of birds endemic to the 7.9-hectare island.{{cite news |last1=Reynoso |first1=Izza |title=Conservation efforts beefed up to protect fauna on Palawan island|url= https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1222133|accessdate=April 11, 2024 |publisher=Philippine News Agency |date=April 5, 2024}} The Island hosts a sanctuary to 4,300 migratory birds that travel from the north to as far as the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. “This highlights how integral Palawan is to Global Ecology and Biogeography and the world’s bird populations. Endangering this critical habitat would have a significant impact on global biodiversity,” said PCSD Executive Director Teodoro Jose Matta, citing Republic Act 9147, "Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act".{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=Protecting Lawak Island|url= https://opinion.inquirer.net/172814/protecting-lawak-island|accessdate=April 11, 2024 |publisher= Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=April 11, 2024}}{{cite news |last1= Formoso|first1= Celeste Anna |title=Preservation of Lawak Island as bird paradise urged |url= https://tribune.net.ph/2024/04/07/preservation-of-lawak-island-as-bird-paradise-urged|accessdate=April 11, 2024 |publisher= Daily Tribune (Philippines)|date=April 7, 2024}}
Its surroundings are highly phosphatized such that superphosphate materials can be mined out on a small-scale basis. Near the fringes of the breakwaters (approx. 2 miles (3 km) from the island), intact hard coral reefs were observed to retain their natural environment and beautiful tropical fishes were seen colonizing these coral beds of varying colors. It is also covered with coconut trees, bushes and grass. It is 580 m long, on the edge of a submerged reef.
Philippine occupation
A handful of Philippine soldiers and their families are stationed on the island, which has been inhabited since 1968 when the Philippines occupied this island.{{cite news|last=Campbell|first=Eric|title=Reef Madness|url=http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2014/s4008035.htm|access-date=23 May 2014|newspaper=ABC News|date=20 May 2014}} There are only one to two structures in this island that serve as shelters for the soldiers. The soldiers are also the guard of nearby Flat Island which lies 6 miles (10 km) north-northeast of the island which is also occupied by the Philippines. The island has a helipad.
The Philippine Coast Guard constructed 5 lighthouses in the area, and this includes one on Nanshan Island.{{cite news |last1=Nepomuceno |first1=Priam |date=21 April 2021 |title=WPS security assured with more assets |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1137602 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240117133106/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1137602 |archive-date=17 January 2024 |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=Philippine News Agency |language=en |agency=PNA}}
Lawak Island is claimed by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Vietnam.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Nanshan Island}}
- [https://amti.csis.org/nanshan-island/ Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative Island Tracker]
- [https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?hl=en&t=k&ie=UTF8&msa=0&msid=112047810770307867127.0004460b96d655257cc9c&ll=10.733793,115.801606&spn=0.009592,0.019312&z=16 Google map of Nanshan Island]
{{South China Sea}}
{{Spratly Islands topics}}
Category:Islands of the Spratly Islands
{{philippines-geo-stub}}