Narchat
{{original research|date=January 2025}}
{{Short description|13th-century Moxel Queen}}
{{Infobox royalty
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| name = Narchat Of Moxel
| title = Khanazorava{{harvnb|Inzhevatov|Pomerantseva|1983|p=49}}
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| image = Monument to Princess Narchat in Narovchat, Penza region, Russia.jpg
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| caption = Monument to Queen Narchat in Narovchat, Penza region, Russia
| succession = Princess regent of Mukhsha Ulus
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| reign = 1237–1241
| reign-type = Regency
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| regent = {{ill|Kanazor|ru|Инязор}} (King) Puresh (under the reign of the Mongols)
| reg-type = Monarch
| succession1 = Khanazorava (Queen) of Mukhsha Ulus
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| reign1 = 1241–1242
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| predecessor1 = Puresh
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| death_date = 1242
| death_place = Moksha river
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| native_lang1 = Moksha language
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| father = Puresh
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Narchat, Narchatka, Naricha ({{langx|mdf|Нарчат, Нарчатка, Нарича|Narchat, Narchatka, Naricha}}) was a Moksha Queen,Лебедев В. И. Загадочный город Мохши, Пенза, 1958, p.15 ruler of Mukhsha Ulus. She was daughter and successor of king Puresh and sister of Atämaz.
Historical personality
Russian professor from Penza State Pedagogical University Vitaliy Lebedev wrote: {{Cquote|All legends of Narchat mention that there was a battle of local population with Tatar-Mongols. The battle took place in winter time <...> Almost in all legends she is known as Mordvin Queen and in two as Burtass|author=Vitaliy Lebedev|source=Лебедев В. И. Загадочный город Мохши}} Doctor of Sciences Dmitriy Madurov of Chuvash state Institute of Humanities writes: {{Cquote|She might be only Moksha. First she was daughter of king Puresh, second war was waged in Mokshaland, third other ethnic groups are known they might have had a female as the head of state but not the army[http://www.erzia.saransk.ru/arhiv.php?n=2859&nom11=312 Мадуров Д. Ф. Волжские земли в истории и культуре России: Материалы Всероссийской научной конференции//Мадуров Д. Ф. События XIII века в истории эрзи и мокши., О сражении на Золотарёвском городище осенью 1237 г. [Dmitry Madurov. 13th Century Events in Moksha and Erzya History., Sernya battle in autumn 1237], Mordovian State University, Saransk: Krasnyy Oktyabr, 2004. Part I — p. 264]}} Indeed, it is known the Burtas had been ruled by elders.Brasos — Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1971. — 600 с. — (Soviet Encyclopedia, 30 volumes / chief editor А. М. Prokhorov ; 1969—1978, Vol. 4)
= Narchat in coinage =
{{Main|Mordovka}}
Ethnographer Vladimir Aunovsky wrote that he encountered coins with Narchatka portrait in traditional Moksha woman's headdress and they say: "This is our queen".{{harvnb|Aunovsky|1869|pp=85–108}} These coins are called mordovkas in slang, or silver coins type A as they are described by Bogdan Zaikovsky with inscription in Moksha language in Greek Uncial script ({{langx|mdf|μοΛͷ ΑΗςͷ οκΑΗ ΠεΛκͷ}} 'goes only for half Oka (gold coin name)') and might be dated as 4-8th century AD.{{harvnb|Zaikovsky|1929}} Triangle coins, pre-Mongolian silver Valfs, 22x23 mm size, with a depiction of a woman in a headdress» are described by Vyacheslav Zavaryukhin as he specifies they should be referred to as Mukhsha coinage according to the Christian Frähn's list.{{Cite web|url=https://cheloveknauka.com/pamyatniki-numizmatiki-i-bonistiki-v-regionalnom-istoriko-kulturnom-protsesse|title=Памятники нумизматики и бонистики в региональном историко-культурном процессе|first=Вячеслав Юрьевич|last=Заварюхин|date=Aug 27, 2006|accessdate=Aug 27, 2022|via=cheloveknauka.com}}
Legend
Puresh became a vassal of Batu Khan and joined Mongol army in the European campaign. Narchat remained to rule when her father Puresh and brother Atämaz left with the Mongols. On the eve of the Battle of Legnica, Puresh entered into negotiations with the High Duke of Poland, Henry II the Pious. The Mongols killed the unfaithful vassal Puresh and his son. Queen Narchat led the uprising against Mongols. Defeated in 1242, she threw herself into the water with her horse.{{Cite book |last=Козлов |first=Александр |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_S7nDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT186 |title=Древнейшая история Пензенского края: мифы и реальность. Взгляд на историю с точки зрения новейших исследований ДНК-генеалогии |date=2022-05-15 |publisher=Litres |isbn=978-5-04-255329-5 |chapter=Пургасова Русь и улус Наровчат |language=ru}}
See also
Literature
- Masztorava, Erza és moksa népköltészeti anyag feldolgozásával írta Alekszandr Markovics Saronov, Budapest, 2010
- Лебедев В. И. Нарчатка / Пензенская энциклопедия. М.: Научное издательство «Большая Российская энциклопедия», 2001, с. 376
- Алихова А. Е., М. Ф. Жиганов, П. Д. Степанов. Из древней и средневековой истории мордовского народа. Саранск, 1959.
- Пудалов Б. М., Начальный период истории древнейших городов Среднего Поволжья. (XII ѕ первая треть XIII в.) Нижний Новгород, 2003
- Фомин В. В., Пургасова Русь. Институт Российской истории РАН, 2007.
- Устно-поэтическое творчество мордовского народа в 12 томах, Саранск, 1963-2003
- Мордовская мифология/ Энциклопедия. Саранск, 2013
References
{{Reflist}}
Sources
- {{Citation|last1=Shtereshis|first1=Michael|title=Tamerlane and the Jews|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XUb8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|publisher=Routledge|location=London and New York|year=2013|isbn=9781136873669}}
- {{Citation|last1= Minorsky |first1=Vladimir |last2=al-ʿĀlam |first2=Ḥudūd|title= Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam. The regions of the world: a Persian geography, 372 A.H./982 A.D para 52. The Alān Capital *Magas and the Mongol Campaign|year=1952 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/608675 |publisher = Cambridge University Press|jstor=608675 }}
- {{cite encyclopedia| title = UPTMN
| year = 1983
| orig-year = First published 1963
| encyclopedia = Oral Poetry Of Mordvin people, 1963–2003
| editor1-last = Inzhevatov | editor1-first = I.K.
| editor2-last = Pomerantseva | editor2-first = E.V.
| publisher = Mordovian Research Institute for Language, Literature, and Economy
| volume = 10 | pages = 255
| url = http://www.niign.ru/izdatelskaya-deyatelnost/nauchnyie-izdaniya/ustno-poeticheskoe-tvorchestvo-mordovskogo-naroda.-t.-10
}}
- {{Citation|last1=Aunovsky|first1=V|title=Ethnograpical Essay Of Mordva-Moksha. Simbirsk Governorate Memorial Book for 1869|location= Simbirsk|year=1869|pages=85–108}}
- {{cite journal|last1=Zaikovsky|first1=Bogdan|title=Mordovkas Problem|journal=Nizhne-Volzhskaya Oblast Ethnological Scientific Society Review|issue=36–2|location= Saratov|year=1929|pages=30–32}}
- {{cite journal|last1= Mayorov |first1=Aleksandr |title= Woman, Diplomacy and War. Russian Princes In Negotiations With Batu Before Mongol Invasion|journal=Шаги/Steps |date=2021 |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=124–199 |url= https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/zhenschina-diplomatiya-i-voyna-russkie-knyazya-v-peregovorah-s-batu-nakanune-mongolskogo-nashestviya |publisher = Steps Journal}}
- {{citation|last1=Lebedev|first1=Vitaly|title=Legends of Burtas Tsarina Narchatka. Problems of Volga-Don Ethnic History in Middle Ages and Burtas Problem|location=Penza|year=1990|language=ru}}
- {{cite news|last1=Kryukov|first1=N.|title=Sernya the Jewelers' City|url=http://dlib.eastview.com/browse/doc/18676292|newspaper=Nasha Penza|issue=30|date=17 June 2008|language=ru}}
Category:Queens regnant in Europe
Category:13th-century soldiers
Category:13th-century monarchs in Europe
Category:13th-century queens regnant