National Synchrotron Light Source II

{{short description|National laboratory in New York, United States}}

{{Infobox building

| name = NSLS-II

| location_country = United States

| coordinates = {{coord|40|51|55.38|N|72|52|19.71|W|display=inline}}

| start_date = 2009

| completion_date = 2015{{cite web|title=National Synchrotron Light Source II Celebrates Two Years of User Operations|url=https://www.hpcwire.com/off-the-wire/national-synchrotron-light-source-ii-celebrates-two-years-user-operations/|publisher=hpcwire.com|accessdate=6 September 2017}}

| inauguration_date =

| demolition_date =

| destruction_date =

| owner = United States Department of Energy

| cost = US$912 million

| floor_area = {{convert|400,000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}{{cite web|title=First Concrete Poured for NSLS-II Ring Building|url=https://www.bnl.gov/newsroom/news.php?a=21349|publisher=bnl.gov|accessdate=28 March 2011}}

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| building_type = Research and Development Facility

| renovation_date =

| height =

| architecture_firm = HDR, Inc.

| structural_engineer =

| main_contractor = Torcon, Inc.{{cite web|title=NSLS-II Contract Will Mean Hundreds of Jobs for Long Island|url=https://www.bnl.gov/newsroom/news.php?a=1910|publisher=bnl.gov|accessdate=28 March 2011}}

| ren_architect =

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| website = [https://www.bnl.gov/ps/ BNL: National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)]

| image = File:NSLS-II_Aerial.jpg

| caption = An aerial view of the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory

}}

The National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in Upton, New York is a national user research facility funded primarily by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science. NSLS-II is a synchrotron light source, designed to produce X-rays 10,000 times brighter than BNL's original light source, the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS). NSLS-II supports research in energy security, advanced materials synthesis and manufacturing, environment, and human health.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bnl.gov/ps/nsls2/about-NSLS-II.php|title=BNL Photon Sciences {{!}} About NSLS-II|website=www.bnl.gov|access-date=2017-11-21}}File:National Synchrotron Light Source II.jpg

Users and partners

= Users =

In order to use the NSLS-II, researchers submit a peer-reviewed proposal.{{Cite web |title=BNL {{!}} NSLS-II User Guide {{!}} Guide to Proposal Types |url=https://www.bnl.gov/nsls2/userguide/access/proposal-types.php |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=www.bnl.gov}} In the first five months of 2023, NSLS-II served over 1,200 researchers from academic, industrial, and government laboratories worldwide.{{Cite web |title=Reaching for New Horizons at the 2023 NSLS-II, CFN & LBMS Users' Meeting |url=https://www.bnl.gov/newsroom/news.php?a=221267 |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Brookhaven National Laboratory |language=en}}

= Partners =

NSLS-II has partners with public and private institutions which joined effort to fund the construction and operation of some of its beamlines. Its partnerships include BNL's Center for Functional Nanomaterials and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}

Beamlines

NSLS-II currently has 29 beamlines (experimental stations) open for operations.{{Cite web|title=BNL {{!}} Photon Sciences {{!}} Beamline Directory|url=https://www.bnl.gov/ps/beamlines/|access-date=2021-03-28|website=www.bnl.gov}} When the facility is complete, NSLS-II is expected to "be capable of supporting some 58 beamlines in total."{{Cite web |title=New Tools for New Light Source at Brookhaven Lab |url=https://www.bnl.gov/newsroom/news.php?a=111153 |access-date=2024-06-10 |website=Brookhaven National Laboratory |language=en}}

The beamlines at NSLS-II are grouped into five science programs: hard X-ray scattering & spectroscopy, imaging and microscopy, structural biology, soft X-ray scattering and spectroscopy, and complex scattering. These programs group beamlines together that offer similar types of research techniques for studying the behavior and structure of matter.

= Hard X-ray scattering & spectroscopy =

6-BM: Materials Measurement (BMM)
7-BM: Quick X-ray Absorption and Scattering (QAS)
8-ID: Inner Shell Spectroscopy (ISS)
27-ID: High Energy X-ray Diffraction (HEX) (under construction)
28-ID-1: Pair Distribution Function (PDF)
28-ID-2: X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XPD)

= Imaging and microscopy =

3-ID: Hard X-ray Nanoprobe (HXN)
4-BM: X-ray Fluorescence Microprobe (XFM)
5-ID: Submicron Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy (SRX)
8-BM: Tender Energy X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (TES)
9-ID: Coherent Diffraction Imaging (CDI) (under construction)
18-ID: Full-Field X-ray Imaging (FXI)

= Structural biology =

16-ID: Life Science X-ray Scattering (LIX)
17-ID-1: Highly Automated Macromolecular Crystallography Beamline (AMX)
17-ID-2: Frontier Microfocusing Macromolecular Crystallography (FMX)
17-BM: X-ray Footprinting of Biological Materials (XFP)
19-ID: Biological Microdiffraction Facility (NYX)

= Soft X-ray scattering & spectroscopy =

2-ID: Soft Inelastic X-ray Scattering (SIX)
7-ID-1: Spectroscopy Soft and Tender 1 (SST-1)
7-ID-2: Spectroscopy Soft and Tender 2 (SST-2)
21-ID-1: Electron Spectro-Microscopy ARPES (ESM-ARPES)
21-ID-2: Electron Spectro-Microscopy XPEEM (ESM-XPEEM)
22-IR-1: Frontier Synchrotron Infrared Spectroscopy (FIS)
22-IR-2: Magnetospectroscopy, Ellipsomentry and Time-Resolved Optical Spectroscopies (MET)
23-ID-1: Coherent Soft X-ray Scattering (CSX)
23-ID-2: In situ and Operando Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy (IOS)
29-ID-1: Soft X-ray Nanoprobe (SXN) (under construction)
29-ID-2: NanoARPES and NanoRIXS (ARI) (under construction)

= Complex scattering =

4-ID: Integrated In-situ and Resonant Hard X-ray Studies (ISR)
10-ID: Inelastic X-ray Scattering (IXS)
11-ID: Coherent Hard X-ray Scattering (CHX)
11-BM: Complex Materials Scattering (CMS)
12-ID: Soft Matter Interfaces (SMI)

Storage ring parameters

NSLS-II is a medium energy (3.0 GeV) electron storage ring designed to deliver photons with high average spectral brightness exceeding 10²¹ ph/s in the 2–10 keV energy range and a flux density exceeding 10¹⁵ ph/s in all spectral ranges. This performance requires the storage ring to support a very high-current electron beam (up to 500 mA) with a very small horizontal (down to 0.5 nm-rad) and vertical (8 pm-rad) emittance. The electron beam is stable in its position (<10% of its size), angle (<10% of its divergence), dimensions (<10%), and intensity (±0.5% variation).

= Storage ring lattice =

The NSLS-II storage ring lattice consists of 30 double-bend achromat (DBA) cells that can accommodate at least 58 beamlines for experiments, distributed by type of source as follows:

15 low-beta ID straights for undulators or superconducting wigglers
12 high-beta ID straights for either undulators or damping wigglers
31 BM ports providing broadband sources covering the IR, VUV, and soft X-ray ranges. Any of these ports can alternatively be replaced by a 3PW port covering the hard X-ray range.
4 BM ports on large gap (90 mm) dipoles for very far-IR

= Radiation sources =

Continuing the tradition established by the NSLS, NSLS-II radiation sources span a very wide spectral range, from the far infrared (down to 0.1 eV) to the very hard X-ray region (>300 keV). This is achieved by a combination of bending magnets, three-pole wigglers, and insertion device (ID) sources.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bnl.gov/ps/accelerator/|title=BNL {{!}} NSLS-II Accelerator Parameters|website=www.bnl.gov|access-date=2017-11-21}}

History

Construction of NSLS-II began in 2009 and was completed in 2014. NSLS-II saw first light in October 2014. The facility cost $912,000,000 to build, and the project received the DOE's Secretary's Award of Excellence. Torcon Inc., headquartered in New Jersey, was the general contractor selected by the DOE for the project.{{Cite web|url=https://www.torcon.com/industry/science-technology/brookhaven-national-laboratories|title=Brookhaven National Laboratories | Construction bim | Torcon|website=www.torcon.com}}

References

External links

{{Commons category-inline}}
[https://www.bnl.gov/ps/ BNL: National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)]
[https://www.bnl.gov/ps/nsls2/about-NSLS-II.php BNL Photon Sciences: About NSLS-II]
[https://www.bnl.gov/world/ Brookhaven National Laboratory – a passion for discovery]
[http://www.lightsources.org Lightsources.org]

{{coord|40|51|55.38|N|72|52|19.71|W|type:landmark|display=title|name=NSLS-II}}

Category:Synchrotron radiation facilities

Category:Brookhaven National Laboratory

Category:2015 establishments in New York (state)