Nationalist and Integrationist Front

Image:Région Ituri République démocratique du Congo.png within the DRC]]

The Nationalist and Integrationist Front ({{langx|fr|Front des Nationalistes et Intégrationnistes}}, or FNI) is a rebel group active in the Ituri conflict in Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo, associated with the Lendu ethnic group. The FNI has fought against ethnic Hema and is blamed for the ambush and murder of nine United Nations peacekeepers near the town of Kafe in February 2005.[https://nytimes.com/2005/02/26/international/africa/26congo.html 9 U.N. Peacekeepers in Congo Killed by Militia Fighters], New York Times, 26 February 2005 FNI political leader Floribert Ndjabu was arrested by Congolese authorities, while military head Etienne Lona turned himself in.

The BBC alleges that, in 2005, the Pakistani peacekeepers in Mongbwalu entered in a trading relationship for gold with FNI leaders, eventually drawing Congolese army officers and Indian traders from Kenya into the deal. It is further alleged that these peacekeepers returned weapons taken from the FNI as part of demobilization efforts to FNI leaders known for human rights violations.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6681457.stm "UN troops 'traded gold for guns'"] by Martin Plaut, BBC News, 22 May 2007

A 2005 Human Rights Watch report{{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/en/reports/2005/06/01/curse-gold |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211020603/http://www.hrw.org/en/reports/2005/06/01/curse-gold |archive-date=2008-12-11 |title=The Curse of Gold {{!}} Human Rights Watch}} details the connection between the FNI and the mining corporation AngloGold Ashanti, a subsidiary of the Anglo American plc. AngloGold Ashanti admitted that its employees had paid money to the FNI on more than one occasion, in exchange for access to gold mines in the Ituri province.

In May 2006, one MONUC peacekeeper was killed and seven were taken captive in fighting with the FNI. All of the UN peacekeepers were from Nepal and engaged in operations to disarm the militias 62 miles (100km) west of Bunia, the capital of Ituri.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5027866.stm Rebels hold DR Congo peacekeepers], BBC News, 30 May 2006 Two of the seven were released in June and the remaining five in mid-July. On 17 July the new leader of the FNI, Peter Karim Udaga, announced that he and sixty of his fighters were ending their battle with the government in exchange for the integration of FNI forces into the national army, including a post of Colonel for Karim.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5187148.stm DR Congo rebel chief 'to disarm'], BBC News, 17 July 2006[http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=12330&ThisURL=./afgeneral.asp&URLName=Africa%20General Kinshasa accepts militia leader's plea to join army] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205212340/http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=12330&ThisURL=.%2Fafgeneral.asp&URLName=Africa%20General |date=2018-12-05 }}, IRIN, 14 July 2006

The FNI, the Congolese Revolutionary Movement, and the Front for Patriotic Resistance of Ituri (FRPI) agreed to disarm on 22 August 2007.[http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO0708/S00569.htm DR Congo: Ex-militia Members Agree To Disarm] Scoop However, in 2008, several residents in Mongbwalu reported witnessing FNI militias being resupplied by Pakistani UN peacekeepers. The transfer of weapons was confirmed by two FNI leaders currently in prison – "Kung Fu" (Gen. Mateso Ninga) and "Dragon".[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7365283.stm "UN troops 'armed DR Congo rebels'"], BBC News, 28 April 2008