Native tongue title
{{short description|Linguistic revivalistic term}}
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
Native tongue title is a revivalistic term that refers to compensation for linguicide (language killing). Native tongue title is the enactment of a statute-based,[http://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2014/september/1409493600/anna-goldsworthy/voices-land Dr Anna Goldsworthy on the Barngarla language reclamation], The Monthly, September 2014 ex gratia financial compensation scheme, to cover efforts to resuscitate a heritage tongue that was killed (for example, due to colonisation), or to empower an endangered one.[https://blog.oup.com/2020/06/why-we-should-revive-dead-languages Why we should revive dead languages], by Ghil‘ad Zuckermann, OUPBlog, June 20, 2020.
Origin
The term was coined by linguist and language revivalist Ghil'ad Zuckermann.[https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2016/08/03/indigenous-meanings-australian-town-names Indigenous meanings of Australian town names], Sophie Verass, NITV, August 11, 2016.[https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/.premium-israeli-s-mission-to-revive-aboriginal-language-down-under-1.5419033 One Israeli's Mission to Revive Aboriginal Language Down Under], Haaretz, March 20, 2016. He modelled it on the Australian term, native title, which refers to the common law doctrine according to which the land rights of Indigenous peoples persist after the assumption of sovereignty under settler colonialism.{{cite book|author=Zuckermann, Ghil'ad|title=Revivalistics: From the Genesis of Israeli to Language Reclamation in Australia and Beyond|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|year=2020|isbn=9780199812790}} {{ISBN|9780199812776}}{{rp|240–265}}
Native tongue title vs native title
Zuckermann argues that despite native title, and although some Australian states have enacted ex gratia compensation schemes for the victims of the Stolen Generations policies, the victims of linguicide are overlooked. He proposes that existing competitive grant schemes by the Australian government to support Australian Aboriginal languages should be complemented with compensation schemes, which are based on a claim of right rather than on competition.{{rp|259}}
Anthropologist Timothy Haines wrote that Zuckermann's "remarkable achievement" of reclaiming the Barngarla language in South Australia may have "assisted in the process of the recognition of the Barngarla people's native title". The presiding Federal Court judge, Justice John Mansfield, had commented that their active pursuit of language revival, assisted by Zuckermann, showed evidence of the people's continued connection with their land and culture "despite the separation that many had endured as 'Stolen Generation' children of the 1960s and '70s, when they were forcibly removed by the State to homes in Adelaide, far distant from their native Eyre Peninsula in South Australia's west".{{cite journal|title=Book Review, The Australian Journal of Anthropology / Timothy Haines|date=2020-07-11|doi=10.1111/taja.12354|s2cid=225550368}}