Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (manga)
{{Short description|Manga series by Hayao Miyazaki}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox animanga/Header
| name = Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind
| image = NausicaaCoverTankobon1.png
| caption = Original cover of the first tankōbon volume
| ja_kanji = 風の谷のナウシカ
| ja_romaji = Kaze no Tani no Naushika
| genre = Adventure, fantasy, science fiction{{cite web |url=https://www.viz.com/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind |title=The Official Website for Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |publisher=Viz Media |access-date=December 7, 2017 |archive-date=December 8, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208070547/https://www.viz.com/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind |url-status=live}}
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Print
| type = manga
| author = Hayao Miyazaki
| publisher = Tokuma Shoten
| publisher_en = {{English manga publisher
| BI = Viz Media
| NA = Viz Media
| AUS = Madman Entertainment}}
| magazine = Animage
| first = February 1982
| last = March 1994
| volumes = 7
| volume_list = #Original edition
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Other
| title = Anime film
| content =
}}
{{Infobox animanga/Footer}}
{{Nihongo|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind|風の谷のナウシカ|Kaze no Tani no Naushika|lead=yes}} is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hayao Miyazaki. It tells the story of Nausicaä, a princess of a small kingdom on a post-apocalyptic Earth with a toxic ecosystem, who becomes involved in a war between kingdoms while an environmental disaster threatens humankind.
Prior to creating Nausicaä, Miyazaki had worked as an animator for Toei Animation, Nippon Animation and Tokyo Movie Shinsha (TMS), the latter for whom he had directed his feature directorial debut, Lupin III: The Castle of Cagliostro (1979). After working on an aborted film adaptation of Richard Corben's comic book Rowlf for TMS, he agreed to create a manga series for Tokuma Shoten's monthly magazine Animage, initially on the condition that it would not be adapted into a film. The development of Nausicaä was influenced by the Japanese Heian period tale The Lady who Loved Insects, a similarly named character from Homer's epic poem Odyssey and the Minamata Bay mercury pollution. The setting and visual style of the manga was influenced by Mœbius. It was serialized intermittently in Animage from February 1982 to March 1994 and the individual chapters were collected and published by Tokuma Shoten in seven tankōbon volumes. It was serialized with an English translation in North America by Viz Media from 1988 to 1996 as a series of 27 comic book issues, and has been published in collected form multiple times.
Since its initial serialization, Nausicaä has become a commercial success, particularly in Japan, where the series has more than 17 million copies in circulation. The manga and the 1984 film adaptation, written and directed by Miyazaki and released following the serialization of the manga's first sixteen chapters, received universal acclaim from critics and scholars for its characters, themes, and art. The manga and film versions of Nausicaä are also credited as the foundation of Studio Ghibli, the animation studio for which Miyazaki created several of his most recognized works.
Synopsis
= Setting =
{{See also|List of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind characters{{!}}List of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind characters}}
The story is set in the future at the closing of the ceramic era, 1,000 years after the Seven Days of Fire, a cataclysmic global war, in which industrial civilization self-destructed. Although humanity survived, the land surface of the Earth is still heavily polluted and the seas have become poisonous. Most of the world is covered by the Sea of Corruption, a toxic forest of fungal life and plants which is steadily encroaching on the remaining open land. It is protected by large mutant insects, including the massive Ohmu. Humanity clings to survival in the polluted lands beyond the forest, periodically engaging in bouts of internecine fighting for the scarce resources that remain. The ability for space travel has been lost, but the earth-bound remnants of humanity can still use gliders and powered aircraft for exploration, transportation, and warfare. Powered land vehicles are entirely nonexistent though, with humanity regressed to dependence on riding animals and beasts-of-burden.
= Plot =
Nausicaä is the teenage princess of the Valley of the Wind, a state on the periphery of what was once known as Eftal, a kingdom destroyed by the Sea of Corruption, a poisonous forest, 300 years ago. An inquisitive young woman, she explores the territories surrounding the Valley on a jet-powered glider, and studies the Sea of Corruption.
When the Valley goes to war, she takes her ailing father's place as military chief. The leaders of the Periphery states are vassals to the Torumekian Emperor and are obliged to send their forces to help when he invades the neighboring Dorok lands. The Torumekians have a strong military, but the Doroks, whose ancestors bioengineered the progenitors of the Sea of Corruption, have developed a genetically modified version of a mold from the Sea of Corruption. When the Doroks introduce this mold into battle, its rapid growth and mutation result in a daikaisho (roughly translated from Japanese as "great tidal wave"), which floods across the land and draws the insects into the battle, killing as many Doroks as Torumekians. In doing so, the Sea of Corruption spreads across most of the Dorok nation, uprooting or killing vast numbers of civilians and rendering most of the land uninhabitable.
The Ohmu and other forest insects respond to this development and sacrifice themselves to pacify the expansion of the mold, which is beyond human control. Nausicaä resigns herself to joining in their fate. However, one of the Ohmu encapsulates her inside itself in a protective serum, allowing her to survive the mold. She is recovered by her companions, people she met after leaving the Valley and who have joined her on her quest for a peaceful coexistence. The fact that the mold can be manipulated and used as a weapon disturbs Nausicaä. Her treks into the forest have already taught her that the Sea of Corruption is actually purifying the polluted land. The Forest People, humans who have learned to live in harmony with the Sea of Corruption, confirm this is the purpose of the Sea of Corruption and one of them shows Nausicaä a vision of the restored Earth at the center of the forest. Nausicaä travels deeper into Dorok territory, where her coming has long been prophesied, to seek those responsible for manipulating the mold. There, she encounters a dormant God Warrior who, upon activation, assumes she is his mother and places his destructive powers at her disposal. Faced with this power and its single-minded and childlike visions of the world, she engages the creature, names him and persuades him to travel with her to Shuwa, the Holy City of the Doroks.
Here she enters the Crypt, a giant monolithic construct from before the Seven Days of Fire. She learns that the last scientists of the industrial era had foreseen the end of their civilization. They created the Sea of Corruption to clean the land of pollution, altered human genes to cope with the changed ecology, stored their personalities inside the Crypt and waited for the day when they could re-emerge, leaving the world at the mercy of their artificially created caretaker. However, their continual manipulation of the population and the world's environment is at odds with Nausicaä's belief in the natural order. She argues that mankind's behavior has not been improved significantly by the activities of those inside the crypt, and the crypt itself is incapable of change. Strife and cycles of violence have continued to plague the world in the thousand years following their interference, as Nausicaä believes humanity has no need for the crypt any longer. She orders the God-Warrior to destroy its progenitors, forcing humanity to live or die without further influence from the old society's technology. Nausicaä exits the crypt in time to see its total collapse, and the death of the old king of Torumekia. Nausicaä commands the crowd that has been waiting outside the crypt that "… they must live."
Development
= Precursors and early development =
Miyazaki began his professional career in the animation industry as an inbetweener at Toei in 1963 but soon had additional responsibilities in the creation processes.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy |1y=1999|1p=30}} While working primarily on animation projects for television and cinema, he also pursued his dream of creating manga.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy |1y=1999|1p=39}} In conjunction with his work as a key animator on the film The Wonderful World of Puss 'n Boots (1969) his manga adaptation of the same title was published in 1969. That same year, a pseudonymous serialization started of his manga People of the Desert. His manga adaptation of the film Animal Treasure Island (1971) was serialized in 1971.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy |1y=1999|1p=219|2a1=Comic Box November 1|2y=1982|2p=111|3a1=Animage June 10|3y=1983|3pp=172,173}}
After the release of Lupin III: The Castle of Cagliostro (1979), Miyazaki, now at the Tokyo Movie Shinsha (TMS), began working on his ideas for an animated film adaptation of Richard Corben's comic book Rowlf and pitched the idea to Yutaka Fujioka at TMS. In November 1980, a proposal was drawn up to acquire the film rights.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1a2=Takahata |1y=2009|1p=249|2a1=Kanō|2y=2007|2pp=37ff, 323}} Around that time Miyazaki was also approached for a series of magazine articles by the editorial staff of Tokuma Shoten's Animage. During subsequent conversations, he showed his sketchbooks and discussed basic outlines for envisioned animation projects with Toshio Suzuki and Osamu Kameyama, at the time working as editors for Animage. They saw the potential for collaboration on Tokuma's development into animation. Initially, two projects were proposed to Tokuma Shoten, that are significant for the eventual creation of Nausicaä: {{Nihongo |Warring States Demon Castle | 戦国魔城 | Sengoku ma-jō }}, to be set in the Sengoku period, and the adaptation of Corben's Rowlf, but they were rejected, on July 9, 1981. The proposals were rejected because the company was unwilling to fund anime projects not based on existing manga and because the rights for the adaptation of Rowlf could not be secured.{{sfnm|1a1=DVD Japan|1y=2003|2a1=DVD UK|2y=2005|3a1=Art|3y=1984|3p=8|4a1=Miyazaki|4y=1996b|4p=146 |5a1=Miyazaki|5y=2007|5p=146|6a1=Haraguchi|6y=1996|6p=35}}
An agreement was reached that Miyazaki could start developing his sketches and ideas into a manga for the magazine with the proviso that it would never be made into a film.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy|1y=1999|1p=73 |2a1=Saitani|2y=1995|2p=9}}{{efn|See in particular Miyazaki's answer to Saitani's question: "Were you asked, from the beginning, to draw the comic with the intention of it becoming an animated work?"{{sfnm|1a1=Saitani|1y=1995|1p=9}} }} Miyazaki stated in an interview, "Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind only really began to take shape once I agreed to serialize it."{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b|1p=149 |2a1=Miyazaki|2y=2007|2p=149}} In the December 1981 issue of Animage, it was announced that a new manga series would start in the February 1982 issue of the magazine, even though Miyazaki had not completed the first episode. The illustrated notice introduced the new series' main character, title, and concept.{{cite web |last=Ryan |first=Scott |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/nausicaa_origin.html |title=Origin |work=Nausicaa.net |publisher=Team Ghiblink |access-date=November 15, 2013 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180201/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/nausicaa_origin.html |url-status=live}} The first chapter, 18 pages, was published in the February 1982 issue. Miyazaki would continue developing the story for another 12 years, with frequent interruptions along the way.{{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=3}}
= Influences =
File:1878 Frederick Leighton - Nausicaa.jpg, whose name means "burner of ships".Shipley, Joseph T. The Origins of English Words: A Discursive Dictionary of Indo-European Roots. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011, p. 160]]
Miyazaki had given other names to the main character during development, but he settled on Nausicaä based on the name of the Greek princess of the same name from the Odyssey, as portrayed in Bernard Evslin's Encyclopedia of Greek Mythology, translated into Japanese by Minoru Kobayashi.{{efn|Mentioned as {{Nihongo | Minoru Kobayashi | 小林稔 | Kobayashi Minoru|}} in the Japanese Webcat Plus database and in Hayao Miyazaki's Watercolor Impressions. In the Japanese edition on page 150 and in the English edition on page 149.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki |1y=1996b|1p=149|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=2007|2p=150 |3a1=WebcatPlus|3y=1979}} On page 150 in the French translation of Watercolor Impressions book and on some Nausicaä related websites, the translator's name is given as Yataka Kobayashi.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=2006|1p=150}} }} In his essay {{Nihongo|On Nausicaä|ナウシカのこと|Naushika no koto}}, printed in volume one of the manga, Miyazaki wrote that he was also inspired by The Lady who Loved Insects, a Japanese tale from the Heian period about a young court lady who preferred studying insects rather than wearing fine clothes or choosing a husband.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1982|1p=End paper|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=1995a|3a1=McCarthy|3y=1999|3p=74}} Helen McCarthy considers Shuna from Shuna's Journey to be prototypical to Nausicaä.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy|1y=2006|1p=70}} The story’s fantasy and science fiction elements were influenced by various works from Western authors, including Ursula K. Le Guin's Earthsea, Brian Aldiss's Hothouse, Isaac Asimov's Nightfall, and J.R.R Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy|1y=1999|1p=48}} The setting and visual style of the manga often reference Jean Giraud (Mœbius), whose wordless 1975 comic Arzach had deeply impressed Miyazaki.{{Citation |title=Hayao Miyazaki | date=October 15, 2008 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2L0YgdIpXas |language=en|access-date=December 21, 2021|archive-date=December 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221080527/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2L0YgdIpXas|url-status=live}}
Among the inspirations for the environmental themes Miyazaki has mentioned the Minamata Bay mercury pollution.{{Citation needed |date=June 2024}} The Sea of Corruption is based on the forests on the Japanese island of Yakushima and the marshes of the Sivash, or Rotten Sea, in Ukraine.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b|1p=149|2a1=Uratani|2y=2001}}{{efn|The Japanese name for the Sea of Corruption {{Nihongo|腐海| fukai|}}, consists of the kanji for decay and sea. Also translated as Toxic Jungle or Sea of Decay in manga translations and in the film's subtitles. Miyazaki mentioned its origin in the interview published in Watercolor Impressions.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b|1p=149|2a1=Adachi|2y=2012|2p=184}} }} The works of botanist {{Interlanguage link|Nakao Sasuke|ja|3=中尾佐助|lt=Sasuke Nakao}} were among Miyazaki's inspirations for the environment of the story. Miyazaki mentions Nakao in the context of a question he was asked about the place Nausicaä takes in the ecology boom, explaining his shift from a desert to a forest setting. Nakao's influence on his work has been noted by Shiro Yoshioka.{{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=5|2a1=Yoshioka|2y=2008|p=262}} Miyazaki has identified Tetsuji Fukushima's {{Interlanguage link|Sabaku no Maō|ja|3=沙漠の魔王}} {{nihongo|沙漠の魔王|The Evil Lord of the Desert}}, a story he first read while still in primary school, as one of his earliest influences. Kentaro Takekuma has also observed this continuity in Miyazaki's work and places it within the tradition of illustrated stories, {{Nihongo3||絵物語|emonogatari}}, and manga Miyazaki read while growing up, pointing out the influence of Fukushima on Miyazaki's People of the Desert which he in turn identifies as a precursor for both Shuna's Journey, created in watercolour and printed in colour, and Nausicaä.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1a2=Takahata|1y=2009|1p=194|2a1=McCarthy|2y=1999|2p=27|3a1=McCarthy|3y=2006|3p=70|4a1=Takekuma|4y=2008|5a1=Kaku|5y=2012}}
= Creation =
Miyazaki drew the Nausicaä chapters primarily in pencil. The work was printed monochrome in sepia toned ink.{{sfnm|1a1=Animage September 10|1y=1983|1p=182|2a1=Art|2y=1984|2p=182|3a1=Miyazaki|3y=1996b|3p=94 |4a1=Miyazaki|4y=2007|4p=94|5a1=Saitani|5y=1995|5p=9}}{{efn|In the interview with Ryo Saitani, published in 1995, Miyazaki very briefly mentions discussing the use of pencil with Hideo Ogata, chief editor of Animage at the time, in the context of their talks on the development of the manga and his desire to quit creating it. Ogata persuaded Miyazaki to continue.{{sfnm|1a1=Saitani|1y=1995|1p=9}} }} Frederik L. Schodt observed differences between Nausicaä and other Japanese manga. He has noted that it was serialized in the large A4 size of Animage, much larger than the normal size for manga. Schodt has also observed that Miyazaki drew much of Nausicaä in pencil without inking, and that the page and panel layouts, as well as the heavy reliance on storytelling, are more reminiscent of French comics than of Japanese manga. In appearance and sensibilities, Nausicaä reminds Schodt of the works of Mœbius.{{sfnm|1a1=Schodt|1y=1996|1p=278}}
Takekuma has noted stylistic changes in Miyazaki's artwork over the course of the series. He points out that, particularly in the first chapters, the panels are densely filled with background, which makes the main characters difficult to discern without paying close attention. According to Takekuma this may be partially explained by Miyazaki's use of pencil, without inking, for much of the series. Takekuma points out that by employing pencil, Miyazaki does not give himself the option of much variation in his line. He notes that in the later chapters Miyazaki uses his line art to draw attention to individuals and that he more frequently separates them from the background. As a result, there are more panels in which the main characters stand out vividly in the latter part of the manga.{{sfnm|1a1=Takekuma|1y=2008}}
Miyazaki has stated in interviews that he frequently worked close to publication deadlines, and that he was not always able to finish his monthly installments for serialization in Animage. On such occasions, he sometimes created apologetic cartoons. These were printed in the magazine, instead of story panels, to explain to his readers why there were fewer pages that month or why the story was absent entirely. Miyazaki has indicated that he continued refining the story before the publication of the tankōbon volumes, in which chapters from the magazine were collected in book form.{{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=17}} Changes made throughout the story, before the release of each tankōbon volume, range from subtle additions of shading to the insertion of entirely new pages. Miyazaki also redrew panels, and sometimes the artwork was changed on whole pages. He made alterations to the text and changed the order in which panels appeared. The story as re-printed in the tankōbon spans 7 volumes for a combined total of 1060 pages.{{Cite web |title=Universal Page Numbers |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/pagenumber.html |last=Ryan |first=Scott |publisher=Nausicaa.net | access-date=February 28, 2021 | archive-date=February 26, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226202343/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/pagenumber.html | url-status=live}}
Miyazaki has said that the lengthy creation process of the Nausicaä manga, repeatedly tackling its themes as the story evolved over the years, changed the material and affected his personal views on life and politics. He also noted that his continued struggle with the subject matter in the ongoing development of the Nausicaä manga allowed him to create different, lighter, films than he would have been able to make without Nausicaä providing an outlet for his more serious thoughts throughout the period of its creation.{{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=15–16}} Marc Hairston notes that, “Tellingly, Miyazaki’s first film after finishing the Nausicaä manga was Mononoke Hime, which examined many of the themes from the manga and is arguably the darkest film of his career.”{{sfnm|1a1=Hairston|1y=2010|1p=177–178}}
= Localization =
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind was initially translated into English by Toren Smith and Dana Lewis. Smith, who had written comics in the U.S. since 1982, wrote an article on Warriors of the Wind (the heavily edited version of the film adaptation released in the U.S. in the 1980s) for the Japanese edition of Starlog, in which he criticized what Manson International had done to Miyazaki's film. The article came to the attention of Miyazaki himself, who invited Smith to Studio Ghibli for a meeting. On Miyazaki's insistence, Smith's own company Studio Proteus was chosen as the producer of the English-language translation. Smith hired Dana Lewis to collaborate on the translation. Lewis was a professional translator in Japan who also wrote for Newsweek and had written cover stories for such science fiction magazines as Analog Science Fiction and Fact and Amazing Stories. Smith hired Tom Orzechowski for the lettering and retouching.{{sfnm|1a1=Smith|1y=1995|1p=44-47}}
Studio Proteus was responsible for the translation, the lettering, and the retouching of the artwork, which was flipped left-to-right to accommodate English readers. The original Japanese dialogue was re-lettered by hand, the original sound effects were replaced by English sound effects, and the artwork was retouched to accommodate the new sound effects. When Miyazaki resumed work on the manga following one of the interruptions, Viz chose another team, including Rachel Thorn and Wayne Truman, to complete the series.{{sfnm|1a1=Smith|1y=1995|1p=47}} The current seven-volume, English-language "Editor's Choice" edition is published in right-to-left reading order: while it retains the original translations, the lettering was done by Walden Wong. The touch-up art and lettering for the Viz Media deluxe two-volume box set was also done by Walden Wong.{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |series=Deluxe Edition I |location=San Francisco |date=2012 |isbn=978-1-4215-5064-0}}{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |series=Deluxe Edition II |location=San Francisco |date=2012 |isbn=978-1-4215-5064-0}}
Eriko Ogihara-Schuck compared the Japanese-language manga and anime with their English translations, and demonstrated that American translations resulted in the "Christianizing of Miyazaki's animism", especially in the film version. One cause is the lack of English equivalents for some Japanese concepts; the other is the Judeo-Christian background and idioms of the Western translators, which introduced a dualistic worldview absent in the original.{{sfnm|1a1=Ogihara-Schuck|1y=2010|1p=133–146}}
Publication history
File:Hayao Miyazaki cropped 1 Hayao Miyazaki 201211.jpg, pictured in 2012.]]
The manga was serialized in Tokuma Shoten's monthly Animage magazine between 1982 and 1994.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1a2=Takahata|1y=2009|1p=442–445}} The series initially ran from the February 1982 issue to the November 1982 issue when the first interruption occurred due to Miyazaki's work related trip to Europe.{{sfnm|1a1=Animage October 10|1y=1982|1p=181}} Serialization resumed in the December issue and the series ran again until June 1983 when it went on hiatus once more due to Miyazaki's work on the film adaptation of the series. Serialization of the manga resumed for the third time from the August 1984 issue but halted again in the May 1985 issue when Miyazaki placed the series on hiatus to work on Castle in the Sky. Serialization resumed for the fourth time in the December 1986 issue and was halted again in June 1987 when Miyazaki placed the series on hiatus to work on the films My Neighbor Totoro and Kiki's Delivery Service. The series resumed for the fifth time in the April 1990 issue and was halted in the May 1991 issue when Miyazaki worked on Porco Rosso. The series resumed for the final time in the March 1993 issue. The final panel is dated January 28, 1994. The last chapter was released in the March 1994 issue of Animage. By the end, Miyazaki had created 59 chapters, of varying length, for publication in the magazine. In an interview, conducted shortly after serialization of the manga had ended, he noted that this amounts to approximately 5 years worth of material. He stated that he did not plan for the manga to run that long and that he wrote the story based on the idea that it could be stopped at any moment.{{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=9|2a1=Animage February 10|2y=1994|2p=204|3a1=Yom June 1|3y=1994|3p=3}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/chapter_guide.html |title=Chapter guide |last=Ryan |first=Scott |work=Nausicaa.net |publisher=Team Ghiblink| access-date=December 30, 2008| url-status=dead| archive-date=December 8, 2008| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208085139/http://nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/chapter_guide.html}}
The chapters were slightly modified and collected in seven tankōbon volumes, in soft cover B5 size.{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä Manga Comparison |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/naucompare.html |last=Ryan |first=Scott |publisher=Nausicaa.net | access-date=December 31, 2012 | archive-date=May 14, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514214741/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/naucompare.html | url-status=live}} The first edition of volume one is dated September 25, 1982. It contains the first eight chapters and was re-released on July 20, 1983, with a newly designed cover and the addition of a dustcover.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b|1p=206|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=2007|2p=206}}{{efn|Volume one was published as {{Nihongo|Animage Special, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind|(アニメージュ増刊 風の谷のナウシカ}}.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1982|1p=Cover}} Subsequently released volumes were published as {{Nihongo| Animage Comics Wide Ban, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind|アニメージュコミックスワイド判 風の谷のナウシカ}}.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b|1p=206|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=2007|2p=206}} }} Volume two has the same July 20, 1983, release date. It contains chapters 9 through 14. Together with chapters 15 and 16, printed in the Animage issues for May and June 1983, these were the only 16 chapters completed prior to the release of the Nausicaä film in March 1984. The seventh book was eventually released on January 15, 1995.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b|1p=206|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=2007|2p=206}} The entire series was also reprinted in two deluxe volumes in hard cover and in A4 size labeled {{Nihongo|Jokan|上巻|first volume}} and {{Nihongo|Gekan|下巻|final volume}} which were released on November 28, 1996.{{Cite book | script-title=ja:風の谷のナウシカ 上巻 |url=http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198605612 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113092305/http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198605612| archive-date=January 13, 2014| url-status=live |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |language=ja |isbn=978-4-19-860561-2 | access-date=January 13, 2014 |date=November 1996}}{{Cite book| script-title=ja:風の谷のナウシカ 下巻 |url=http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198605629 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113092534/http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198605629 |archive-date=January 13, 2014| url-status=live |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |language=ja |isbn=978-4-19-860562-9 | access-date=December 29, 2012}} The seven books, which remain in print individually, have also been released in box sets twice, on August 25, 2002, and, with a redesigned box, on October 31, 2003.{{cite book|script-title=ja:風の谷のナウシカ全7巻セット ―アニメージュコミックスワイド判 |url=https://calil.jp/book/4192100029 |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |language=ja |date=August 25, 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911055716/https://calil.jp/book/4192100029|archive-date=September 11, 2017|url-status= live |isbn=9784192100021|access-date=September 11, 2017}}{{Cite book | script-title=ja:風の谷のナウシカ ワイド判「風の谷のナウシカ」全7巻函入りセット[トルメキア戦役バージョン] |year=1984 |url=http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784192100106 |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |language=ja |isbn=9784192100106 | access-date=December 29, 2012 | url-status=live | archive-date=January 2, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102192836/http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784192100106 |title=徳間書店 }}
English translations are published in North America and the United Kingdom by Viz Media. As of 2013, Viz Media has released the manga in five different formats. Initially, the manga was printed flipped and with English translations of the sound effects. Publication of English editions began in 1988 with the release of episodes from the story under the title Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind in the "Viz Select Comics" series. This series ran until 1996. It consists of 27 issues. In October 1990, Viz Media also started publishing the manga as Viz Graphic Novel, Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind. The last of the seven Viz Graphic Novels in this series appeared in January 1997. Viz Media reprinted the manga in four volumes titled Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Perfect Collection, which were released from October 1995 to October 1997. A box set of the four volumes was later released in January 2000. In 2004 Viz Media re-released the seven-volume format in an "Editors Choice" edition titled Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind. In this version, the manga is left unflipped and the sound effects are left untranslated.{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä Around the World |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/nausicaaworld.html |publisher=Nausicaa.net | access-date = December 30, 2012 | archive-date = September 22, 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180212/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/nausicaaworld.html | url-status = live}} Viz Media released its own deluxe two-volume box set on November 6, 2012.{{Cite web |title=VIZ Media Announces the Release of Nausicaä Manga Box Set |url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2012-11-01/viz-media-announces-the-release-of-nausicaa-manga-box-set |publisher=Anime News Network | access-date=November 25, 2012 | archive-date=September 22, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180203/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2012-11-01/viz-media-announces-the-release-of-nausicaa-manga-box-set | url-status=live}}
The manga was also licensed in Australia by Madman Entertainment,{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (Manga) Deluxe Boxset |url=http://www.madman.com.au/catalogue/view/18891/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-manga-deluxe-boxset|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307094252/http://www.madman.com.au/catalogue/view/18891/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-manga-deluxe-boxset|archive-date=March 7, 2015|url-status=live |publisher=Madman Entertainment|access-date=February 2, 2015}} in Finland by Sangatsu Manga,{{Cite web |title=Tuulen laakson Nausicaä |url=http://www.sangatsumanga.fi/aihe/tuulen-laakson-nausicaa/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307094640/http://www.sangatsumanga.fi/aihe/tuulen-laakson-nausicaa/|archive-date=March 7, 2015|url-status=live |publisher=Sangatsu Manga |language=fi|access-date=November 16, 2013}}{{Cite web |last=Hannini |first=Petri |title=Hayao Miyazaki – Tuulen laakson Nausicaä|trans-title=Hayao Miyazaki – Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |url=http://www.ksml.fi/uutiset/viihde/kirjat/hayao-miyazaki-tuulen-laakson-nausicaa/862700|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224113344/http://www.ksml.fi/uutiset/viihde/kirjat/hayao-miyazaki-tuulen-laakson-nausicaa/862700|archive-date=December 24, 2013|url-status=live |date=January 25, 2009 |publisher=Sanomalehti Keskisuomalainen Oy |language=fi|access-date=December 23, 2013}} in France by Glénat,{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä NE – Tome 1 |url=http://www.glenatmanga.com/nausicaa-ne-tome-1-9782723468343.htm |publisher=Glénat |access-date = December 22, 2013 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717002205/http://www.glenatmanga.com/nausicaa-ne-tome-1-9782723468343.htm|archive-date=July 17, 2012 |url-status=live}} in Spain by Planeta DeAgostini,{{Cite book |title=Nausicaä del Valle del viento integral |url=http://www.planetadelibros.com/nausicaa-del-valle-del-viento-integral-libro-92906.html |publisher=Planeta DeAgostini |access-date=December 22, 2013 |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030234803/http://www.planetadelibros.com/nausicaa-del-valle-del-viento-integral-libro-92906.html |archive-date=October 30, 2013 |url-status=live}} in Italy by Panini Comics under its Planet Manga imprint,{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä |url=http://www.paninicomics.it/web/guest/collane_dettaglio?id=1065 |work=Planet Manga |publisher=Panini Comics |access-date=December 22, 2013 |language=it |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081118173254/http://www.paninicomics.it/web/guest/collane_dettaglio?id=1065 |archive-date=November 18, 2008 |url-status=dead}} in the Netherlands by Glénat Benelux,{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä |url=http://www.glenat.be/dyn/glenat/pagesasp/18benelux/184bibli/serie.asp?SERIE_ID=102 |publisher=Glénat Benelux |access-date=December 22, 2013 |language=nl |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224103815/http://www.glenat.be/dyn/glenat/pagesasp/18benelux/184bibli/serie.asp?SERIE_ID=102 |archive-date=December 24, 2013 |url-status=dead}} in Germany by Carlsen Verlag,{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä aus dem Tal der Winde, Band 1 (Taschenbuch) |trans-title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Volume 1 (Paperback) |url=http://www.carlsen.de/taschenbuch/nausicaa-aus-dem-tal-der-winde-band-1/20512#Inhalt |publisher=Carlsen Verlag|access-date=December 22, 2013 |language=de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307093340/http://www.carlsen.de/taschenbuch/nausicaae-aus-dem-tal-der-winde-band-1/20512 |archive-date=March 7, 2015 |url-status=live}} in Korea by Haksan Culture Company{{Cite web|script-title=ko:바람계곡의 나우시카 |trans-title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Winds |url=http://www.haksanpub.co.kr/comics/comics_prod_view.asp?prod_code=C2000717&vol_code=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224113907/http://www.haksanpub.co.kr/comics/comics_prod_view.asp?prod_code=C2000717&vol_code=1|archive-date=December 24, 2013|url-status=live |publisher=Haksan Culture Company |access-date=December 22, 2013 |language=ko}} and in Taiwan by Taiwan Tohan.{{Cite web|script-title=zh:風之谷(漫畫) 1|trans-title=Nausicaä (Comics) |url=http://www.tohan.com.tw/products/detail_1.php?id=540|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224112151/http://www.tohan.com.tw/products/detail_1.php?id=540|archive-date=December 24, 2013|url-status=dead |publisher=Taiwan Tohan|access-date=December 22, 2013 |language=zh}} In Brazil it was initially published in July 2006 by Conrad Editora, before it ceased in March 2009 after only five volumes were released and since August 2022, it is being republished by Editora JBC.{{Cite web |last=Tsuha |first=Erika |date=May 16, 2013 |title=Conrad: Nausicaä do Vale dos Ventos é cancelado em definitivo |work=ANMTV |trans-title=Conrad: Nausicaä of the Valley of the Winds is canceled outright |url=http://www.anmtv.xpg.com.br/conrad-nausicaa-do-vale-dos-ventos-e-cancelado-em-definitivo/ |access-date=December 22, 2013 |language=pt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307094014/http://anmtv.xpg.uol.com.br/conrad-nausicaa-do-vale-dos-ventos-e-cancelado-em-definitivo/|archive-date=March 7, 2015 |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |date=July 8, 2019 |title=Nausicaä do Vale do Vento |url=https://blogbbm.com/manga/nausicaa/ |access-date=September 20, 2022 |website=Biblioteca Brasileira de Mangás |language=pt-BR |archive-date=September 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920174300/https://blogbbm.com/manga/nausicaa/ |url-status=live}}
= Original edition =
{{Graphic novel list/header
| Language = Japanese
| SecondLanguage = English
| Width = 98%
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 1
| OriginalRelDate = September 25, 1982 (1st edition){{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b|1p=206|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=2007|2p=206}}
July 20, 1983 (Revised){{Cite book |title=風の谷のナウシカ 1 Re-release Volume 1: アニメージュコミックス ワイド判 風の谷のナウシカ1 |date=July 1983 |url=http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784197735815 |access-date=November 25, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102084359/http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784197735815| archive-date=January 2, 2014| url-status=live |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |language=ja |isbn=9784197735815}}
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-773581-2
| LicensedRelDate = October 1990 (Viz Graphic Novel){{cite book |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, Vol.1 |year=1990 |publisher=Viz Media |isbn=0-929279-58-1}}
February 11, 2004 (Editor's Choice Edition){{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind, Vol.1 |url=http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-1/1236 |publisher=Viz Media| access-date = December 8, 2013| archive-date = December 13, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213183323/http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-1/1236| url-status = dead}}
| LicensedISBN = 0-929279-58-1
|LicensedISBN_note=
{{ISBNT|1-59116-408-7}}
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 1–8
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 2
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-773582-0
| LicensedRelDate = October 1990 (Viz Graphic Novel){{cite book |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, Vol.2 |year=1990 |publisher=Viz Media |isbn=0-929279-59-X}}
March 3, 2004 (Editor's Choice Edition){{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind, Vol.2 |url=http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-2/1237 |publisher=Viz Media| access-date = December 8, 2013| archive-date = December 13, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213182430/http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-2/1237| url-status = dead}}
| LicensedISBN = 0-929279-59-X
|LicensedISBN_note=
{{ISBNT|1-59116-350-1}}
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 9–14
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 3
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-775514-7
| LicensedRelDate = October 1990 (Viz Graphic Novel){{cite book |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, Vol.3 |year=1990 |publisher=Viz Media |isbn=0-929279-60-3}}
April 7, 2004 (Editor's Choice Edition){{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind, Vol.3 |url=http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-3/1276 |publisher=Viz Media| access-date = December 8, 2013| archive-date = December 13, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213183046/http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-3/1276| url-status = dead}}
| LicensedISBN = 0-929279-60-3
|LicensedISBN_note=
{{ISBNT|1-59116-410-9}}
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 15–21
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 4
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-777551-2
| LicensedRelDate = October 1990 (Viz Graphic Novel){{cite book |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, Vol.4 |year=1990 |publisher=Viz Media |isbn=0-929279-61-1}}
May 5, 2004 (Editor's Choice Edition){{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind, Vol.4 |url=http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-4/1214 |publisher=Viz Media| access-date = December 8, 2013| archive-date = December 13, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213182640/http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-4/1214| url-status = dead}}
| LicensedISBN = 0-929279-61-1
|LicensedISBN_note=
{{ISBNT|1-59116-352-8}}
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 22–27
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 5
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-771061-5
| LicensedRelDate = October 1993 (Viz Graphic Novel){{cite book |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, Vol.5 |date=October 1993 |publisher=Viz Media |isbn=0-929279-98-0}}
June 2, 2004 (Editor's Choice Edition){{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind, Vol.5 |url=http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-5/1277 |publisher=Viz Media | access-date = December 8, 2013 | archive-date = December 13, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213182743/http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-5/1277 | url-status = dead}}
| LicensedISBN = 0-929279-98-0
|LicensedISBN_note=
{{ISBNT|1-59116-412-5}}
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 28–35
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 6
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-773120-5
| LicensedRelDate = December 1995 (Viz Graphic Novel){{cite book |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, Vol.6 |date=October 1995 |publisher=Viz Media |isbn=1-56931-095-5}}
August 10, 2004 (Editor's Choice Edition){{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind, Vol.6 |url=http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-6/2241 |publisher=Viz Media| access-date = December 8, 2013| archive-date = December 13, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213183240/http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-6/2241| url-status = dead}}
| LicensedISBN = 1-569310-95-5
|LicensedISBN_note=
{{ISBNT|1-59116-487-7}}
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 36–46
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 7
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-770025-3
| LicensedRelDate = January 1997 (Viz Graphic Novel){{cite book |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, Vol.7 |year=1996 |publisher=Viz Media |isbn=1-56931-197-8}}
September 7, 2004 (Editor's Choice Edition){{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind, Vol.7 |url=http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-7/1136 |publisher=Viz Media| access-date = December 8, 2013| archive-date = December 13, 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131213182533/http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-volume-7/1136| url-status = dead}}
| LicensedISBN = 1-569311-97-8
|LicensedISBN_note=
{{ISBNT|1-59116-355-2}}
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 47–59
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list/footer}}
= Perfect Collection =
{{Graphic novel list/header
| Language = English
| OneLanguage = yes
| Width = 98%
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 1
| OriginalRelDate = October 6, 1995{{sfn|Miyazaki|1995a}}
| OriginalISBN = 978-1-5693-10960
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 1–14 (Volumes 1–2)
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 2
| OriginalRelDate = October 6, 1995{{sfn|Miyazaki|1995b}}
| OriginalISBN = 978-1-5693-10878
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 15–27 (Volumes 3–4)
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 3
| OriginalRelDate = August 5, 1996{{sfn|Miyazaki|1996}}
| OriginalISBN = 978-1-5693-1111-0
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 28–43 (Volume 5 and part of Volume 6)
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 4
| OriginalRelDate = December 6, 1997{{sfn|Miyazaki|1997}}
| OriginalISBN = 978-1-5693-1211-7
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 44–59 (part of Volume 6 and Volume 7)
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list/footer}}
= Deluxe edition =
{{Graphic novel list/header
| Language = Japanese
| SecondLanguage = English
| Width = 98%
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 1
| OriginalRelDate = November 28, 1996
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-860561-0
| LicensedRelDate = November 6, 2012
| LicensedISBN = 978-1-4215-5064-0
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 1–27 (Volumes 1–4)
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list
| VolumeNumber = 2
| OriginalRelDate = November 28, 1996
| OriginalISBN = 4-19-860562-9
| LicensedRelDate = November 6, 2012
| LicensedISBN = 978-1-4215-5064-0
| ChapterList =
- Chapters 28–59 (Volumes 5–7)
| Summary =
}}
{{Graphic novel list/footer}}
Related media
= Film =
{{Main|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film){{!}}Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)}}
When serialization of the manga was underway and the story had proven to be popular among its readers, Animage came back on their promise not to turn the manga into an animation project and approached Miyazaki to make a 15-minute Nausicaä film. Miyazaki declined. Instead, he proposed a sixty-minute OVA. In a counteroffer, Tokuma agreed to sponsor a feature-length film for theatrical release.{{cite journal |last=Oshiguchi |first=Takashi |title=The whimsy and wonder of Hayao Miyazaki |journal=Animerica |volume=1 |issue=5 |date=July 1993 |page=4}} The film adaptation of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind was released on March 11, 1984. It was released before Studio Ghibli was established, but it is generally considered a Studio Ghibli film. Helen McCarthy has noted that it was Miyazaki's creation of the Nausicaä manga " … that had, in a way, started the actual process of his studio's development".{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy|1y=1999|1p=45}} The film was released with a recommendation from the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).{{sfnm|1a1=Animage February 10|1y=1984|1p=181|2a1=Kanō|2y=2007|2p=64}}
In his retrospective on 50 years of Postwar Manga, Osamu Takeuchi wrote that, in an ironic twist of fate, the Nausicaä film had been playing in theatres at the same time as the 1984 anime adaptation of one of the illustrated stories Miyazaki had grown up reading, {{Interlanguage link|Kenya Boy|ja|3=少年ケニヤ}}, originally written by {{Interlanguage link|Soji Yamakawa|ja|3=山川惣治}} in 1951. Takeuchi observed that the release of its inspirational predecessor "would have been devoured" by Miyazaki's Nausicaä in a competition of the two works. He went on to note that, despite a brief Yamakawa revival around that time, the media for story telling had progressed and a turning point had been passed.{{cite book |last=Takeuchi |first=Osamu |date=April 5, 2002 |orig-year=first published March 30, 1995 |script-title=ja:戦後マンガ50年史 |trans-title=50 Years of Post-War Manga |url=http://www.chikumashobo.co.jp/product/9784480052018/ |language=ja |location=Tokyo |publisher=Chikuma Shobo |edition=5th |page=49 |isbn=978-4480052018 |access-date=December 20, 2013 |archive-date=December 24, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224115142/http://www.chikumashobo.co.jp/product/9784480052018/ |url-status=live}}
The story of the Nausicaä film is much simpler than that of the manga, roughly corresponding to the first two books of the manga, the point the story had reached when film production began. In his interview for Yom (1994) Miyazaki explained that he worked from the precept that a film requires an opening and a closing of the story. He stated that, within the confines he set for closing the story, he took the film's narrative up to Nausicaä's "{{Nihongo|Copernican turn|コペルニクス的転回|koperunikusutekitenkai}}", which came after the character realizes the nature of the Sea of Corruption.{{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=6}} There are significant differences in plot, with more locations, factions, and characters appearing in the manga, as well as more detailed environmentalist themes. The tone of the manga is also more philosophical than the film. Miyazaki has Nausicaä explore the concepts of fatalistic nihilism and has her struggle with the militarism of major powers. The series has been interpreted from the views of utopian concepts, as well as religious studies.{{sfnm|1a1=Inaba|1y=1996|2a1=Yamanaka|2y=2008|2p=246ff|3a1=Masaki|3y=2001}}
In The Christianizing of Animism in Manga and Anime, Eriko Ogihara-Schuck conducted a comparative analysis of the religious themes in the manga and the film. Ogihara-Schuck wrote that Miyazaki had started out with animistic themes, such a belief in the god of the wind, in the early chapters of the manga, had conflated the animistic and Judeo-Christian traditions in the anime adaptation, but had returned to the story by expanding on the animistic themes and by infusing it with a non-dualistic worldview when he created additional chapters of the manga, dissatisfied with the manner in which these themes had been handled for the film. Drawing on the scene in which Nausicaä sacrifices her life, to placate the stampeding Ohmu, and is subsequently resurrected by the miraculous powers of these giant insects, Ogihara-Schuck notes that "Japanese scholars Takashi Sasaki and Masashi Shimizu consider Nausicaä a Christ-like savior, and American scholar Susan J. Napier considers her as an active female messiah figure". Ogihara-Schuck contrasts these views with Miyazaki's own belief in the omnipresence of gods and spirits and Hiroshi Aoi's argument that Nausicaä's self-sacrifice is grounded on an animistic recognition of such spirits. Ogihara-Schuck quotes Miyazaki's comments in which he indicated that Nausicaä's self-sacrifice is not as a savior of her people but is a decision driven by her desire to return the baby Ohmu and by her respect for nature, as she is "dominated by animism". Ogihara-Schuck concludes that in many of his later films, much more than in the anime version of Nausicaä, Miyazaki expressed his belief in the animistic world view and is at his most direct in the manga by putting the dualistic world view and the animistic belief in tension and, through Nausicaä's ultimate victory, makes the animistic world view superior.{{sfnm|1a1=Ogihara-Schuck|1y=2010|1p=133–146}}
No chapters of the manga were published in the period between the July 1983 issue and the August 1984 issue of Animage but series of Nausicaä Notes and The Road to Nausicaa were printed in the magazine during this interim period. Frequently illustrated with black and white images from the storyboards as well as color illustrations from the upcoming release of the film, these publications provide background about the history of the manga and development of the film. 1984 was declared The Year of Nausicaä, on the cover of the February 1984 issue of Animage.{{Cite web |url=http://animage.jp/old/col/col_07/col_07_19.html | script-title=ja:アニメージュヒストリカ 第19回 1984年の「アニメージュ」 |date=December 25, 2008 |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |language=ja | trans-title=Animage Historica, 19th episode, 1984's Animage | access-date=December 30, 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515071402/http://animage.jp/old/col/col_07/col_07_19.html | archive-date=May 15, 2015}}{{sfnm|1a1=Haraguchi|1y=1996|1p=61}}
= Other =
Several other Nausicaä related materials have been released. {{nihongo | Hayao Miyazaki's Image Board Collection | 宮崎駿イメージボード集 | Miyazaki Hayao imējibōdo-shū }} contains a selection from the sketchbooks Miyazaki created between 1980 and 1982 to record his ideas for potential future projects. The book was published by Kodansha on March 20, 1983.{{cite book |last=Miyazaki Hayao |title=宮崎駿イメージボード集 |trans-title=Hayao Miyazaki's Image Board Collection |date=March 20, 1983 |type=Shonen Magazine special |language=ja |location=Tokyo |publisher=Kodansha |isbn=4061080687}} {{nihongo | The Art of Nausicaä | ジ・アート・オブ 風の谷のナウシカ | Ji āto Obu kaze no tani no naushika}} is the first in the art books series. The book was put together by the editorial staff of Animage. They collated material that had previously been published in the magazine to illustrate the evolution of Miyazaki's ideas into finished projects. The book contains reproductions from Miyazaki's Image Boards interspersed with material created for the film, starting with selected images related to the two film proposals rejected in 1981.{{sfnm|1a1=Art|1y=1984|1p=8|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=1996b|2p=146 |3a1=Miyazaki|3y=2007|3p=146}} The book also contains commentary of assistant director Kazuyoshi Katayama and a summary of {{Nihongo | The road to Nausicaä | ナウシカの道 | naushika no michi }}. It was released by Tokuma Shoten on June 20, 1984.{{sfnm|1a1=Art|1y=1984|1p=8}} Haksan released the art book in Korean on December 29, 2000.{{cite book |author= |title=The Art of Nausicaä 바람계곡의 나우시카 | trans-title=The Art of Nausicaä Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |url=http://www.haksanpub.co.kr/comics/comics_prod_view.asp?prod_code=C0000062&vol_code=1 |language=ko |publisher=Haksan Comics |date=December 29, 2000 |isbn=9788952906724 | access-date=November 27, 2013 | archive-date=September 22, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180213/https://www.haksanpub.co.kr/comics/comics_prod_view.asp?prod_code=C0000062&vol_code=1 | url-status=live}} Glénat released the art book in French on July 7, 2001.{{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |author-link=Hayao Miyazaki |title=L'art de Nausicaä de la vallée du vent |trans-title=The Art of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |url=http://www.glenatmanga.com/l-art-de-nausicaa-de-la-vallee-du-vent-9782723457187.htm |publisher=Glénat |date=July 7, 2007b |language=fr |isbn=9782723457187 |access-date=November 27, 2013 |archive-date=December 9, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209192523/http://www.glenatmanga.com/l-art-de-nausicaa-de-la-vallee-du-vent-9782723457187.htm |url-status=live}}
Tokuma Shoten also released the contents of the book on CD-ROM for Windows 95 and Macintosh, with the addition of excerpts from Joe Hisaishi's soundtrack from the film.{{cite AV media |people=Hayao Miyazaki |title=The Art of Nausicaä For Windows 95 - 風の谷のナウシカ |medium=CD-ROM |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |location=Japan |id=Catalog: TKRU-56008; JAN: 4988008009699}}{{cite AV media |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=The Art of Nausicaä For Macintosh - 風の谷のナウシカ |medium=CD-ROM |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |location=Japan |date=November 9, 1996 |id=Catalog: TKRU-56014 |ref=none}}
The Art of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: Watercolor Impressions was released by Tokuma Shoten on September 5, 1995. The book contains artwork of the manga in watercolor, a selection of storyboards for the film, autographed pictures by Hayao Miyazaki and an Interview on the Birth of Nausicaä.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=1996b}} Glénat released the book in French on November 9, 2006.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=2006}} Viz Media released the book in English on November 6, 2007.{{sfnm|1a1=Miyazaki|1y=2007}} Viz's version of the book was released in Australia by Madman Entertainment on July 10, 2010.{{cite web |url=http://www.madman.com.au/catalogue/view/13678/the-art-of-nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-watercolor-impressions |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: Watercolor Impressions |publisher=Madman Entertainment |access-date=February 7, 2015 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180239/https://www.madman.com.au/catalogue/view/13678/the-art-of-nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-watercolor-impressions |url-status=live}}
In 2012, the first live-action Studio Ghibli production, the short film Giant God Warrior Appears in Tokyo, was released, which shares the same fictional universe as Nausicaä.{{cite web |url=http://www.themarysue.com/giant-god-warrior-appears-in-tokyo/ |title=Watch the Trailer for Giant God Warrior Appears In Tokyo, Studio Ghibli's First Foray Into Live-Action |author=Alanna Bennett |date=July 30, 2012 |website=The Mary Sue|access-date=February 6, 2017|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180233/https://www.themarysue.com/giant-god-warrior-appears-in-tokyo/|url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=http://comicsalliance.com/studio-ghibli-giant-god-warrior-short-nausicaa-neon-genesis-evangelion/ |title=Studio Ghibli's Full 'Giant God Warrior' Short Appears Online [Video] |author=Caleb Goellner |date=April 24, 2013 |website=ComicsAlliance|access-date=February 4, 2017|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180302/https://comicsalliance.com/studio-ghibli-giant-god-warrior-short-nausicaa-neon-genesis-evangelion/|url-status=live}}
A kabuki play adaptation, covering the events of the movie, was performed in December 2019.{{cite web |url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2018/12/10e8a4e163fa-japanese-animator-miyazakis-1984-film-to-get-kabuki-remake.html |title=Hayao Miyazaki's animated movie Nausicaa to get Kabuki remake |publisher=Kyodo News |date=December 12, 2018 |access-date=December 17, 2019 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180227/https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2018/12/10e8a4e163fa-japanese-animator-miyazakis-1984-film-to-get-kabuki-remake.html |url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=https://hochi.news/articles/20191205-OHT1T50266.html |language=ja |script-title=ja:ナウシカ歌舞伎、昼夜通し完全上演…チケット即日完売、来年2月に映画館上演 |publisher=The Hochi Shimbun |date=December 6, 2019 |access-date=December 17, 2019 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180306/https://hochi.news/articles/20191205-OHT1T50266.html |url-status=live}}
Reception
In 1994, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, received the Japan Cartoonists Association Award {{nihongo|Grand Prize|大賞|taishō}}, an annual prize awarded by a panel of association members, consisting of fellow cartoonists.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy|1y=2006|1p=121}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nihonmangakakyokai.or.jp/index.php?tbl=award&startIndex=10 | script-title=ja:日本漫画家協会賞 歴代受賞者 ... 第23回 (1994年度) 大賞 | trans-title=Japan Cartoonists Association Award, Laureates, 23rd (1994) Grand Prize |language=ja |website=Japan Cartoonists Association | access-date=December 15, 2013 | archive-date=December 15, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215140842/http://www.nihonmangakakyokai.or.jp/index.php?tbl=award&startIndex=10 | url-status=live}}
The manga has sold more than 10 million copies in Japan alone.{{sfnm|1a1=McCarthy|1y=2006|1p=121}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/nausicaa.html |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind |website=Nausicaa.net |publisher=Team Ghiblink|access-date=December 15, 2013|archive-date=March 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130315224141/http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/nausicaa.html |url-status=live}} After the 1984 release of the film adaptation, sales for the manga dramatically increased, despite the plot differences between the two works.{{sfnm|1a1= Ingulsrud|1a2=Allen|1y=2009|1p=33–34}} In the spring of 1994, shortly after serialization had concluded, a combined total of 5.27 million Nausicaä tankōbon volumes had already been published. At the time, Volumes 1 through 6 were in print. Volume 7 was not released until January 15, 1995. By 2005, over 11 million copies had been released for all 7 volumes combined.{{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=9|2a1=Kanō|2y=2007|2p=47}}{{efn|In Yom, the publication statistic is broken down by published tankōbon: Volume 1 and 2 combined, 1.3 million; Volume 3, 1.2 million; Volume 4, 1.1 million; Volume 5, 870,000; Volume 6, 800,000. This adds up to a combined total of 5.27 million tankōbon volumes published for the entire series up to that point in time. {{sfnm|1a1=Yom June 1|1y=1994|1p=9|2a1=Miyazaki|2y=1996b|2p=206}} Seiji Kanō cites the following numbers as of March 2005: Volume 1, 1.85 million; Volume 2, 1.8 million; Volume 3, 1.7 million; Volume 4, 1.6 million; Volume 5, 1.45 million; Volume 6, 1.31 million and volume 7, 1.3 million.{{sfnm|1a1=Kanō|1y=2007|1p=47}} }} In December 2020, it was announced that the series had more than 17 million copies in circulation.{{cite web |url=https://www.excite.co.jp/news/article/Animeanime_58467/ |title=宮崎駿「風の谷のナウシカ」原作コミックス、累計発行部数1700万部突破!映画のその後の壮大な物語は必見 |trans-title=Hayao Miyazaki's "Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind" original comic, cumulative circulation exceeded 17 million! Don't miss the epic story that follows the movie |language=ja |publisher=Excite |date=December 24, 2020 |access-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227102456/https://www.excite.co.jp/news/article/Animeanime_58467/ |url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/971446118ce3973b430cb249f859287665673e31 |title=色褪せぬ「ナウシカ」原作コミックス累計1700万部突破!新作歌舞伎のノーカット放送も話題沸騰 |trans-title=The total number of copies of the original comics of "Nausicaa" that never fades has exceeded 17 million! The uncut broadcast of the new Kabuki is also a hot topic |language=ja |publisher=Yahoo! News |date=January 2, 2021 |access-date=February 27, 2021 | archive-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227103228/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/971446118ce3973b430cb249f859287665673e31 |url-status=live}}
Nausicaä was included by Stephen Betts in the comic book–centered reference book 1001 Comics You Must Read Before You Die, who said of the series:
Miyazaki's sepia-inked art is precise, delicate, and detailed. He achieves an incredible dynamism and motion across the page. The rich array of characters, multiple themes, and densely interwoven plot ensure that the message, while worthy, is nuanced. Exploring conflict, politics, and religion, Miyazaki achieves a grand, epic sweep that is rarely seen in comics, and particularly in such a stunning action comic. Yet he also manages to keep the whole story accessible and relevant through the human qualities of his timeless heroine.{{sfnm|1a1=Gravett |1y=2011|1p=447}}
Setre, writing for Japanator, said "Nasuicaa {{sic}} is an amazing manga. And no matter what you may think of Miyazaki this story deserves to be read. It has great characters (some of which could star in their own series), a great sense of adventure and scale, and an awesome story."{{Cite web |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind Reviews (Vol.1-7) |work=Japanator |url=http://www.japanator.com/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-review-vols-1-7--18209.phtml | access-date = November 15, 2012| archive-date = September 22, 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180232/https://www.siliconera.com/| url-status = live}}
In his July 14, 2001, review of Viz Media's four volume Perfect Collection edition, of the manga, Michael Wieczorek of Ex.org compared the series to Princess Mononoke stating, "Both stories deal with man's struggle with nature and with each other, as well as with the effects war and violence have on society." Wieczoek gave a mixed review on the detail of the artwork in this, {{convert|8.08|x|5.56|inch|cm|abbr=on}} sized, edition, stating, "It is good because the panels are just beautiful to look at. It is bad because the size of the manga causes the panels within to be very small, and some of these panels are just crammed with detailed artwork. That can sometimes cause some confusion about what is happening to which person during an action scene."{{sfnm|1a1= Wieczorek |1y=2001}} The Perfect Collection edition of the manga is out of print.{{sfnm|1a1=Thompson|1y=2011}}
In his column House of 1000 Manga for the Anime News Network (ANN) Jason Thompson wrote that "Nausicaa is as grim as Grave of the Fireflies{{-"}}.{{sfnm|1a1=Thompson|1y=2011}} Mike Crandol of ANN praised the manga stating, "I dare say the manga is Hayao Miyazaki's finest work ever—animated, printed, or otherwise—and that's saying a lot. Manga allows for a depth of plot and character unattainable in the cinematic medium, and Miyazaki uses it to its fullest potential."{{Cite web |last=Crandol |first=Mike |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind Perfect Collection (manga) |url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/review/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-wind/manga |publisher=Anime News Network | access-date=November 15, 2012 | archive-date=January 25, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125102533/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/review/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-wind/manga | url-status=live}}
Pamela Gossin and Marc Hairston drew parallels between the Nausicaä story and On Your Mark, the music video Miyazaki created for the Japanese duo Chage and Aska. They interpreted the release of the winged girl at the end of the music video as Miyazaki setting free his character.{{sfnm|1a1=Gossin|1a2=Hairston|1y=1999}} Miyazaki started creating On Your Mark the same month the seventh volume of the Nausicaä manga was released.{{sfnm|1a1=Kanō|1y=2007|1p=180}}
Kyle Anderson of Nerdist describes the setting as a steampunk post-apocalypse.{{cite web |title=Miyazaki's NAUSICAÄ is the Best Anime We Never Talk About |url=https://nerdist.com/article/nausicaa-miyazaki-35th-anniversary/ |access-date=April 20, 2020 |website=Nerdist |publisher=Nerdist Industries |date=March 8, 2019 |archive-date=April 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425053346/https://nerdist.com/article/nausicaa-miyazaki-35th-anniversary/ |url-status=live}} Philip Boyes of Eurogamer describes the technology in Nausicaä and Castle in the Sky as dieselpunk.{{cite news |last1=Boyes |first1=Philip |title=Hot Air and High Winds: A Love Letter to the Fantasy Airship |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-02-08-hot-air-and-high-winds-a-love-letter-to-the-fantasy-airship |access-date=April 18, 2020 |work=Eurogamer |date=February 8, 2020 |archive-date=May 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509234743/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-02-08-hot-air-and-high-winds-a-love-letter-to-the-fantasy-airship |url-status=live}}
Notes
{{notelist}}
{{Reflist|group="Note"}}
Citations
{{Reflist|30em}}
Sources
{{refbegin|30em}}
- {{cite book |last=Adachi |first=Reito |date=October 25, 2012 |title=Japanese Animation as Translation |pages=143, 184 |url=http://dissertation.com/book.php?method=ISBN&book=1612339484 |location=Boca Raton, Florida |publisher=Dissertation.com |isbn=978-1-61233-948-1 |access-date=February 25, 2014 |archive-date=March 1, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301235827/http://dissertation.com/book.php?method=ISBN&book=1612339484 |url-status=live}}
- {{cite journal |author= |title=ナウシカの道 連載 1 宮崎駿・マンガの系譜 | trans-title=The Road to Nausicaä, episode 1, Hayao Miyazaki’s Manga Genealogy |journal=Animage |location=Tokyo |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |issue=61 |date=June 10, 1983 |pages=172–173 |ref={{sfnref|Animage June 10|1983}}}}
- {{cite journal |author= |title=ナウシカの道 連載 4 | trans-title=The Road to Nausicaä, episode 4 |journal=Animage |location=Tokyo |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |issue=64 |date=September 10, 1983 |page=182 |ref={{sfnref|Animage September 10|1983}}}}
- {{cite journal |author= |title=ナウシカへの道連載 最終回 宮崎駿 | trans-title=The Road to Hayao Miyazaki's Nausicaä, final episode |journal=Animage |location=Tokyo |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |issue=70 |date=March 10, 1984 |pages=180–181 |ref={{sfnref|Animage February 10|1984}}}}
- {{cite book |author= |title=ジ・アート・オブ 風の谷のナウシカ |trans-title=The Art of Nausicaä |url=http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784194198145601 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113091439/http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198145606 |archive-date=January 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |language=ja |location=Tokyo |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |date=June 20, 1984 |isbn=978-4-19-814560-6 |access-date=January 13, 2014 |ref={{sfnref|Art|1984}} }}
- {{cite journal |author= |title=砂漠の民 |trans-title=People of the Desert |url=http://www.comicbox.co.jp/comicbox/column/backnumber.html |date=November 1, 1982 |language=ja |journal=Comic Box |publisher=Fusion Products |issue=3 |pages=111–137 |access-date=November 19, 2013 |ref={{sfnref|Comic Box November 1|1982}} |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205614/http://www.comicbox.co.jp/comicbox/column/backnumber.html |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite book |title=1001 Comics You Must Read Before You Die: The Ultimate Guide to Comic Books, Graphic Novels and Manga |last1=Gravett |first1=Paul |year=2011 |publisher=Universe |isbn=978-0-7893-2271-5 |pages=447}}
- {{cite web |last1=Gossin |first1=Pamela |last2=Hairston |first2=Marc |url=http://www.utdallas.edu/research/spacesciences/hairston/ah3300.html |title=Material and information about Miyazaki, Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind, and anime for the Spring 1999 A&H 3300 class "Natural Wonders" at the University of Texas at Dallas |publisher=University of Dallas |date=April 8, 1999 |access-date=January 5, 2014 |archive-date=March 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316013223/http://www.utdallas.edu/research/spacesciences/hairston/ah3300.html |url-status=live}}
- {{cite book |last=Hairston |first=Marc |editor-first=Toni |editor-last=Johnson-Woods |title=Manga An Anthology of Global and Cultural Perspectives |date=April 15, 2010 |pages=173–184 |chapter=Chapter 10: Hayao Miyazaki the Reluctant Messiah |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ThfHNyM3f-4C&q=Nausicaa+of+the+Valley+of+the+Wind |isbn=978-0-8264-2938-4 |publisher=Continuum |location=London |access-date=January 5, 2014 |archive-date=August 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812185349/https://books.google.com/books?id=ThfHNyM3f-4C&q=Nausicaa+of+the+Valley+of+the+Wind#v=snippet&q=Nausicaa%20of%20the%20Valley%20of%20the%20Wind&f=false |url-status=live}}
- {{Cite book |last=Haraguchi |first=Masahiro |date=June 30, 1996 |title=スタジオジブリ作品関連資料集 I |publisher=スタジオジブリ |trans-title=Archives of Studio Ghibli vol.1 |url=http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198605254 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113092004/http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198605254 |archive-date=January 13, 2014 |url-status=live |language=ja |isbn=978-4-19-860525-4 |access-date=January 13, 2014}}
- {{Cite book |last1=Ingulsrud |first1=John E. |last2=Allen |first2=Kate |title=Reading Japan Cool: Patterns of Manga Literacy and Discourse |url=https://rowman.com/ISBN/9780739135075 |pages=33–34 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-7391-3507-5 |access-date=March 5, 2014 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180259/https://rowman.com/ISBN/9780739135075 |url-status=live}}
- {{cite book |last=Inaba |first=Shin'ichirō |date=March 1996 |script-title=ja:ナウシカ解読―ユートピアの臨界) |trans-title=Deciphering Nausicaä: The Critical Point of Utopia |url=http://www.mado.co.jp/?p=308 |language=ja |access-date=November 15, 2013 |publisher=Madosha |isbn=4-943983-87-1 |archive-date=December 2, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202234044/http://www.mado.co.jp/?p=308 |url-status=live}}
- {{cite web |last=Kaku |first=Yoshiko |title=Classic graphic novel beloved by manga greats gets reprinted |date=October 11, 2012 |url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/culture/AJ201210110055 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150306053551/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/cool_japan/style/AJ201210110055 |archive-date=March 6, 2015 |url-status=dead |website=Asahi Shimbun |access-date=December 11, 2013}}
- {{cite book |last=Kanō |first=Seiji |author-link=Seiji Kanō |date=January 1, 2007 |orig-year=first published March 31, 2006 |script-title=ja:宮崎駿全書 |trans-title=The Complete Miyazaki Hayao |language=ja |url=http://filmart.co.jp/books/filmmaker/2006-9-12tue-121/ |location=Tokyo |publisher=Film Art Inc. |edition=2nd |pages=34–73, 323 |isbn=978-4-8459-0687-1 |access-date=December 18, 2013 |url-status=live |archive-date=December 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219075242/http://filmart.co.jp/books/filmmaker/2006-9-12tue-121/}}
- {{Cite web |url=http://webcatplus.nii.ac.jp/webcatplus/details/creator/33183.html |title=Webcat Plus entry for Minoru Kobayashi |language=ja |publisher=National Institute of Informatics |year=1979 |ref={{sfnref|WebcatPlus|1979}} |access-date=January 13, 2013 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180259/http://webcatplus.nii.ac.jp/webcatplus/details/creator/33183.html |url-status=live }}
- {{cite book |last=Masaki |first=Akira |year=2001 |script-title=ja:はじめての宗教学―「風の谷のナウシカ」を読み解く |trans-title=Introduction to religion studies – reading and understanding from "Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind" |url=http://www.shunjusha.co.jp/detail/isbn/978-4-393-20305-7/ |language=ja |access-date=November 15, 2013 |publisher=Shunjusha |isbn=4-393-20301-1 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922180303/https://www.shunjusha.co.jp/book/9784393203057.html |url-status=live}}
- {{cite book |last=McCarthy |first=Helen |author-link=Helen McCarthy |year=1999 |title=Hayao Miyazaki Master of Japanese Animation |edition=2002 |url=http://www.stonebridge.com/shopexd.asp?id=210 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225190731/http://stonebridge.com/shopexd.asp?id=210 |archive-date=December 25, 2010 |url-status=dead |location=Berkeley, Ca |publisher=Stone Bridge Press |pages=27, 30, 39, 41–42, 45, 48, 72–92, 219 |isbn=1-880656-41-8}}
- {{cite book |last=McCarthy |first=Helen| author-link=Helen McCarthy |title=500 Manga Heroes and Villains |publisher=Barron's Educational Series |year=2006 |pages=70, 121, 247 |isbn=978-0-7641-3201-8}}
- {{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao | editor1-first=Hideo | editor1-last=Ogata | editor1-link=Hideo Ogata |others=Michihiro Koganei | script-title=ja:アニメージュ増刊 風の谷のナウシカ |trans-title=Animage Special Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |edition=first |volume=1 |date=September 25, 1982 |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |location=Tokyo |language=ja}}
- {{cite journal |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=読者みなさんへ | trans-title=To all readers |journal=Animage |location=Tokyo |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |issue=53 |date=October 10, 1982 |pages=181 |ref={{sfnref|Animage October 10|1982}} }}
- {{cite journal |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |title=風の谷のナウシカ 連載59回 (最終回) | trans-title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Chapter 59 (Final Chapter) |journal=Animage |location=Tokyo |publisher=Tokuma Shoten |issue=189 |date=February 10, 1994 |pages=204 |ref={{sfnref|Animage February 10|1994}} }}
- {{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |year=1995a |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind |series=Perfect Collection: Vol 1 |isbn=1-56931-096-3}}
- {{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |year=1995b |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind |series=Perfect Collection: Vol 2 |isbn=1-56931-087-4}}
- {{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |year=1996 |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind |series=Perfect Collection: Vol 3 |isbn=1-56931-111-0}}
- {{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |year=1997 |title=Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind |series=Perfect Collection: Vol 4 |isbn=1-56931-211-7}}
- {{Cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |author-link=Hayao Miyazaki |date=September 5, 1996b |publisher=スタジオジブリ |script-title=ja:風の谷のナウシカ 宮崎駿水彩画集 |trans-title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind Watercolor collection |url=http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198100018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113091036/http://www.tokuma.jp/bookinfo/9784198100018 |archive-date=January 13, 2014 |url-status=live |language=ja |isbn=978-4-19-810001-8 |access-date=January 13, 2014}}
- {{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |author-link=Hayao Miyazaki |title=Nausicaä de la vallée du vent : Recueil d'aquarelles par Hayao Miyazaki |trans-title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Watercolor Collection by Hayao Miyazaki |url=http://www.glenatmanga.com/nausicaa-recueil-d-aquarelles-9782723451802.htm |publisher=Glénat |date=November 9, 2006 |language=fr |isbn=2-7234-5180-1 |page=150 |access-date=January 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402235630/http://www.glenatmanga.com/nausicaa-recueil-d-aquarelles-9782723451802.htm |archive-date=April 2, 2016 |url-status=dead}}
- {{cite book |last=Miyazaki |first=Hayao |author-link=Hayao Miyazaki |date=November 6, 2007 |title=The Art of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: Watercolor Impressions by Hayao Miyazaki |page=206 |url=http://www.viz.com/books/print/art-of-nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-watercolor-impressions-volume-1/6769 |access-date=December 8, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213182537/http://www.viz.com/books/print/art-of-nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind-watercolor-impressions-volume-1/6769 |archive-date=December 13, 2013}}
- {{cite book |last1=Miyazaki |first1=Hayao |author-link=Hayao Miyazaki |last2=Takahata |first2=Isao |date=August 4, 2009 |title=Starting Point 1979–1996 |publisher=Viz Media |url=http://www.viz.com/books/print/starting-point-1979-1996-volume-1/5855 |pages=194, 249, 442–445 |isbn=978-1-4215-0594-7 |access-date=November 15, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828232509/http://www.viz.com/books/print/starting-point-1979-1996-volume-1/5855 |archive-date=August 28, 2014}}
- {{cite book |last=Napier |first=Susan J. |author-link=Susan J. Napier |title=The Worlds of Japanese Popular Culture: Gender, Shifting Boundaries and Global Cultures |editor-last=Martinez |editor-first=Dolores P. |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/worldsofjapanese0000unse/page/91 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-63729-9 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldsofjapanese0000unse/page/91 91–109] |chapter=Vampires, Psychic Girls, Flying Women and Sailor Scouts |date=October 13, 1998}}
- {{cite book |last=Ogihara-Schuck |first=Eriko |editor1-first=A. David |editor1-last=Lewis |editor2-first=Christine |editor2-last=Hoff Kraemer |title=Graven Images: Religion in Comic Books and Graphic Novels |pages=[https://archive.org/details/gravenimagesreli0000unse/page/133 133–146] |chapter=The Christianizing of Animism in Manga and Anime: American Translations of Hayao Miyazaki's Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/gravenimagesreli0000unse/page/133 |location=London |publisher=Bloomsbury |date=December 23, 2010 |isbn=978-0-8264-3026-7 |access-date=February 24, 2014}}
- {{cite journal |last=Saitani |first=Ryo |date=January 1, 1995 |script-title=ja:少し前よりもナウシカの事少しわかるようになった |trans-title=I Understand NAUSICAÄ a Bit More than I Did a Little While Ago |url=http://www.comicbox.co.jp/comicbox/column/backnumber.html |language=ja |journal=Comic Box |publisher=Fusion Products |issue=98 |pages=6–37 |access-date=November 19, 2013 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205614/http://www.comicbox.co.jp/comicbox/column/backnumber.html |url-status=dead}}
- {{cite book |last=Schodt |first=Frederick L. |author-link=Frederik L. Schodt |year=1996 |title=Dreamland Japan: Writings on Modern Manga |url=http://www.stonebridge.com/shopexd.asp?id=305 |publisher=Stone Bridge Press |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207122004/http://www.stonebridge.com/shopexd.asp?id=305 |archive-date=December 7, 2013 |url-status=dead |access-date=November 18, 2013 |page=278}}
- {{cite journal |last=Smith |first=Toren |date=January 1, 1995 |script-title=ja:英語圏にも広がる新しい宮崎世代 |trans-title=The New Miyazaki Generation Spreading Even into English Speaking Countries. |url=http://www.comicbox.co.jp/comicbox/column/backnumber.html |language=ja |journal=Comic Box |publisher=Fusion Products |issue=98 |pages=44–47 |access-date=November 19, 2013 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205614/http://www.comicbox.co.jp/comicbox/column/backnumber.html |url-status=dead}}
- {{cite web |last=Takekuma |first=Kentaro |title=「マンガとアニメーションの間に」第4回「マンガ版『ナウシカ』はなぜ読みづらいのか?」 |trans-title=Lecture series Between Manga and Anime, Fourth lecture Why is the manga edition of Nausicaä so difficult to read? |date=October 30, 2008 |url=http://info.kyoto-seika.ac.jp/lecture/2008/10/102930.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081025100627/http://info.kyoto-seika.ac.jp/lecture/2008/10/102930.html |archive-date=October 25, 2008 |url-status=dead |website=Kyoto Seika University |access-date=December 11, 2013}}
- {{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Jason |title=Jason Thompson's House of 1000 Manga |date=January 13, 2011 |url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/house-of-1000-manga/2011-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110114200831/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/house-of-1000-manga/2011-01-13 |archive-date=January 14, 2011 |url-status=live |publisher=Anime News Network |access-date=March 1, 2014}}
- {{cite AV media |last=Uratani |first=Toshio (Director) |script-title=ja:「もののけ姫」はこうして生まれた |trans-title=This is How Princess Mononoke was Born |url=http://www.disney.co.jp/studio/ghibli/0237.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150306053937/http://www.disney.co.jp/studio/ghibli/0237.html |archive-date=March 6, 2015 |url-status=live |language=ja |medium=VHS and DVD: "Making of documentary" |date=November 21, 2001 |publisher=Studio Ghibli / Buena Vista Home Entertainment Japan |location=Tokyo |access-date=February 6, 2013}}
- {{Cite web |last=Wieczorek |first=Michael |title=Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind Perfect Collection |date=July 14, 2001 |url=http://www.ex.org/articles/2001/2001.07.14-rev_manga-us-nausicaa_of_the_valley_of_wind.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011004100137/http://www.ex.org/articles/2001/2001.07.14-rev_manga-us-nausicaa_of_the_valley_of_wind.html |archive-date=October 4, 2001 |url-status=dead |publisher=Ex.org |access-date=March 1, 2014}}
- {{cite book |last=Yamanaka |first=Hiroshi |editor-first=Marc W. |editor-last=MacWilliams |title=Japanese Visual Culture: Explorations in the World of Manga and Anime |pages=[https://archive.org/details/japanesevisualcu0000unse/page/237 237–255] |chapter=Chapter 11: The Utopian “Power to live”: The significance of the Miyazaki Phenom |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/japanesevisualcu0000unse/page/237 |location=New York |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |date=January 30, 2008 |isbn=978-0-7656-1601-2 |access-date=December 19, 2013 }}{{dead link|date=November 2023}}
- {{cite journal |author= |title=「風の谷ナウシカ」完結のいま 「インタビュー」「 物語は終わらない」 宮崎駿 |trans-title=Now, after Nausicaä of the Valley of the wind has finished, Interview: The Story won't end, Hayao Miyazaki |url=http://www.iwanami.co.jp |language=ja |journal=Yom |publisher=Iwanami Shoten |date=June 1, 1994 |pages=3–17 |access-date=November 27, 2013 |ref={{sfnref|Yom June 1|1994}} |archive-date=October 7, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007132110/http://iwanami.co.jp/search/index.html |url-status=live }}
- {{cite book |last=Yoshioka |first=Shiro |editor-first=Marc W. |editor-last=MacWilliams |title=Japanese Visual Culture: Explorations in the World of Manga and Anime |pages=[https://archive.org/details/japanesevisualcu0000unse/page/256 256–273] |chapter=Chapter 12: Heart of Japaneseness: History and Nostalgia in Hayao Miyazaki’s Spirited Away |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/japanesevisualcu0000unse/page/256 |location=New York |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |date=January 30, 2008 |isbn=978-0-7656-1601-2 |access-date=December 19, 2013 }}{{dead link|date=November 2023}}
- {{cite AV media |title=「風の谷ナウシカ」(特典の内容) ジブリはこうして生まれた |trans-title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Extras: The Birth Story Of Studio Ghibli |url=http://www.sonymusicshop.jp/m/item/itemShw.php?site=S&cd=VWDZ000008006 |language=ja |medium=DVD Featurette (Narrated, dramatised re-enactments) |date=November 19, 2003 |publisher=Buena Vista Home Entertainment Japan |location=Tokyo |access-date=December 28, 2013 |ref={{sfnref|DVD Japan|2003}} |archive-date=February 1, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201183413/http://www.sonymusicshop.jp/m/item/itemShw.php?site=S&cd=VWDZ000008006 |url-status=live }}
- {{cite AV media |title=「風の谷ナウシカ」(特典の内容) ジブリはこうして生まれた |trans-title=Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Extras: The Birth Story Of Studio Ghibli |url=http://www.studiocanal.co.uk/Film/Details/d1c8aa07-26d3-40ce-b5a4-9e880065e6b1 |medium=DVD Featurette (Narrated, dramatised re-enactments) |date=February 22, 2005 |publisher=Optimum Releasing |location=London |access-date=December 28, 2013 |ref={{sfnref|DVD UK|2005}} |archive-date=December 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213110951/http://www.studiocanal.co.uk/Film/Details/d1c8aa07-26d3-40ce-b5a4-9e880065e6b1 |url-status=dead }}
{{refend}}
External links
- [http://www.viz.com/manga/print/nausicaa-of-the-valley-of-the-wind Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind] at Viz Media, the English language publisher
- [http://www.nausicaa.net/miyazaki/manga/nausicaa.html Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind manga] at Nausicaa.net, an English language Studio Ghibli fansite
- {{anime News Network|manga|1264|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind}}
- [http://www.comicbox.co.jp/e-nau/contents.html Comic Box, January 1995], Special Memorial Issue, the finale of Nausicaä; Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind
- {{Cite web |url=http://ekostories.com/2013/05/31/the-greatest-ekostory-ever-told|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207025456/http://ekostories.com/2013/05/31/greatest-ekostory-nausicaa/|archive-date=February 7, 2015|url-status=live |title=The Greatest Ekostory Ever Told: The Nausicaä Project |last=Yuen |first=Isaac |date=May 31, 2013}}, an analysis of the manga
{{Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind}}
{{Hayao Miyazaki}}
{{Seiun Award - Best Comic}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nausicaa Of The Valley Of The Wind (Manga)}}
Category:Adventure anime and manga
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