Navon figure
{{Short description|Larger shape built out of smaller, distinct shapes. e.g a large "N" drawn in small "a"s}}
A Navon figure is made of a larger recognisable shape, such as a letter, composed of copies of a smaller different shape. Navon figures are used in tests of visual neglect.{{citation|url=http://ahsmail.uwaterloo.ca/~aktse/assessment.html|title=Assessing Attention in Unilateral Neglect}}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} David Navon's research demonstrated that global features are perceived more quickly than local features.Navon, 1977 cited in (1) Jules Davidoff also performed research, but in a remote culture, finding opposite results; the participants more readily identified the local features.{{cite journal|last=Davidoff|first=J.|author2=E. Fonteneau |author3=J. Fagot |title=Local and global processing: Observations from a remote culture|journal=Cognition|date=Sep 2008|volume=108|issue=3|pages=702–709|doi=10.1016/j.cognition.2008.06.004|pmid=18662813|s2cid=23152945 }} Patients with simultanagnosia have difficulty identifying global features, and when presented with a Navon figure will identify only the local features.{{citation|url=http://joeltalks.com/index.php?p=1_16|title=Simultanagnosia|year=2009}} A 2010 study comparing global-local processing in different races,{{cite journal|last=McKone|first=E.|author2=Davies, A.A. |author3=Fernando, D. |author4=Aalders, R. |author5=Leung, H. |author6=Wickramariyaratne, T. |author7=Platow, M.J. |title=Asia has the global advantage: Race and visual attention.|journal=Vision Research|date=July 2010|volume=50|issue=16|pages=1540–1549|doi=10.1016/j.visres.2010.05.010 |pmid=20488198|doi-access=free}} found that East Asians demonstrated significantly stronger global processing than Caucasians.
Example
A letter T (global) composed of repeat copies of the letter S (local).
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
SS SSSSS SS
SSSSS
SSSSS
SSSSS
SSSSS
SSSSS
SSSSS
SSSSSSS
SSSSSSSSSSSSS
The Navon effect
Reading Navon figures has been found to affect a range of tasks. It has been shown that just 5 minutes reading out the small letters of Navon figures has a detrimental effect on face recognition.{{cite journal | last1 = Macrae | first1 = C. N. | last2 = Lewis | first2 = H. L. | year = 2002 | title = Do I know you? Processing orientation and face recognition | journal = Psychological Science | volume = 13 | issue = 2| pages = 194–196 | doi = 10.1111/1467-9280.00436 | pmid=11934008| s2cid = 32308973 }}{{Cite journal|title = Local processing bias impairs lineup performance|journal = Psychological Reports|date = 2003-10-01|issn = 0033-2941|pages = 393–394|volume = 93|issue = 2|doi = 10.2466/pr0.2003.93.2.393|pmid = 14650660|first = Timothy J.|last = Perfect| s2cid=30376697 }} The size of the Navon effect has been found to be influenced by the properties of the image.{{Cite journal|title = The effects of precedence on Navon-induced processing bias in face recognition|journal = The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology|date = 2008-10-01|issn = 1747-0218|pages = 1479–1486|volume = 61|issue = 10|doi = 10.1080/17470210802034678|pmid = 18609403|first1 = Timothy J.|last1 = Perfect|first2 = Nicola J.|last2 = Weston|first3 = Ian|last3 = Dennis|first4 = Amelia|last4 = Snell| s2cid=42351390 }} The effect is short lived (lasting less than a couple of minutes).{{Cite journal|title = Temporal limitation of navon effect on face recognition|journal = Perceptual and Motor Skills|date = 2007-04-01|issn = 0031-5125|pages = 501–509|volume = 104|issue = 2|doi = 10.2466/pms.104.2.501-509|pmid = 17566440|first1 = Peter J.|last1 = Hills|first2 = Michael B.|last2 = Lewis|citeseerx = 10.1.1.606.8985| s2cid=839934 }}
The Navon effect has also been observed in other tasks such as golf putting where reading the small Navon letters leads to poorer putting performance.{{Cite journal|title = Local Navon letter processing affects skilled behavior: A golf-putting experiment|journal = Psychonomic Bulletin & Review|date = 2014-08-08|issn = 1069-9384|pages = 420–428|volume = 22|issue = 2|doi = 10.3758/s13423-014-0702-6|language = en|first1 = Michael B.|last1 = Lewis|first2 = Gemma|last2 = Dawkins| pmid=25102927 | s2cid=14587095 |url = http://orca.cf.ac.uk/64408/1/Navon%20Golf%20Post%20Print.pdf}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
- {{cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nn1709 | pmid=16699505 | volume=9 | issue=6 | title=Opposite biases in salience-based selection for the left and right posterior parietal cortex | journal=Nature Neuroscience | pages=740–742| year=2006 | last1=Mevorach | first1=Carmel | last2=Humphreys | first2=Glyn W. | last3=Shalev | first3=Lilach | s2cid=39992249 }}
- {{cite journal | last1 = Navon | first1 = David | year = 1977 | title = Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception | journal = Cognitive Psychology | volume = 9 | issue = 3| pages = 353–383 | doi=10.1016/0010-0285(77)90012-3| s2cid = 14119789 |url=http://cvcl.mit.edu/SUNSeminar/Navon_global_CP77.doc| url-access = subscription }}
External links
- [http://www.psytoolkit.org/experiment-library/navon.html Online demonstration of the Navon task] via [http://www.psytoolkit.org PsyToolkit]
{{Neuropsychology tests}}