Nellie May Naylor

{{Infobox scientist

| name = Nellie May Naylor

| birth_date = {{birth date|1885|3|20}}

| birth_place = Clear Lake, Iowa, United States

| death_date = {{death date and age|1992|10|5|1885|3|20}}

| death_place =

| nationality = American

| alma_mater = University of Iowa (B.A.)
Iowa State University (MSc.)
Columbia University (PhD)

| field =

| work_institution =

| doctoral_advisor = Henry Clapp Sherman

| academic_advisors =

| doctoral_students =

| prizes =

| footnotes =

}}

Nellie May Naylor (March 20, 1885 – October 5, 1992) was an American chemist. She was a chemistry professor at Iowa State University (then known as lowa State College), teaching between 1908 until 1955. She was only the second woman to hold this job in the chemistry department.

Early life and education

Naylor was born March 20, 1885, in Clear Lake, Iowa, the daughter of James Sewell Naylor and Mary Gunson Naylor.{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1989897/obituary_of_mary_gunson_naylor_1854/|title=Obituary of Mary Gunson Naylor (1854- 1929), of Ames, Iowa: Mrs. Mary G. Naylor Dies Here Sunday|date=1929-07-01|work=Newspapers.com|access-date=2018-11-20|publisher=Ames Daily Tribune|page=2|language=en}} Her mother, Mary Gunson Naylor, was English-born.[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1989897/obituary_of_mary_gunson_naylor_1854/ "Mrs. Mary G. Naylor Dies Here Sunday," Ames Daily Tribune (July 1, 1929): 2.] via Newspapers.com {{open access}}

Naylor was raised on a farm in Clear Lake, Iowa, and was educated at Clear Lake High School. She went on to earn a B.A. in education in 1908 at the State University of lowa (now the University of Iowa),{{Cite web|url=https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9028pc9k|title=Nellie May Naylor|date=2007|website=Iowa State University|language=en|access-date=2018-11-20}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dy9HAQAAMAAJ|title=The University Catalogue of the State University of Iowa for Calendar 1908-1909|publisher=State University of Iowa|year=1909|location=Iowa City, Iowa|pages=530, 537|via=Google Books}} and an M.S. in 1918 from lowa State College (now Iowa State University).

Naylor went on to earn her PhD in chemistry at Columbia University in 1923.Nellie May Naylor, "Vita," ""Influence of Some Organic Compounds upon the Hydrolysis of Starch by Salivary and Pancreatic Amylases" (Columbia University 1922) [https://archive.org/details/influencesomeor00naylgoog/page/n19 ] Her doctoral dissertation, supervised by Henry Clapp Sherman, was titled "Influence of Some Organic Compounds upon the Hydrolysis of Starch by Salivary and Pancreatic Amylases."Nellie May Naylor, ""Influence of Some Organic Compounds upon the Hydrolysis of Starch by Salivary and Pancreatic Amylases" (Columbia University 1922) [https://archive.org/details/influencesomeor00naylgoog]

Career

Naylor taught public school in her hometown for one year in 1907, before joining the staff at Iowa State University. Naylor published scientific papers in organic chemistry, but she was also interested in how chemistry was taught, especially to undergraduate women. She wrote,

"When a freshman girl comes over to a chemistry class, she perhaps leaves a class in cookery, meal planning, or color and design, which has held her interest because of her familiarity with that work and her sympathetic attitude toward it. Entering her chemistry class, she is bewildered by the array of unrecognized pieces of apparatus and the unfamiliar terms used. Can we wonder at the lack of attention in chemistry class as we begin to discuss the law of multiple proportion or the percentage of iron in certain ores? Yet we can demand that attention if we approach the subject by an explanation of how our grandmothers used iron pots and kettles, black and unattractive, heavy and hard to handle, while all the time in the clay around there was an abundance of aluminum."[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1989945/announcement_of_nellie_naylors/ Nellie M. Naylor, "Inorganic Chemistry for Home Economics Classes," Journal of Chemical Education 3(10)(October 1926): 1114.]

A textbook Naylor wrote, Introductory Chemistry with Household Applications (The Century Chemistry Series 1933) was particularly aimed at students in home economics courses, and went through several editions.Nellie May Naylor, Introductory Chemistry with Household Applications (Century Chemistry Series 1933) Naylor retired in 1955,[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1989945/announcement_of_nellie_naylors/ "ISC Staff Resignations are Listed," Ames Daily Tribune (June 29, 1955): 9.] via Newspapers.com {{open access}} and lived in retirement for another 37 years, until her death in 1992.{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}

Legacy

Nuclear chemist Darleane C. Hoffman has credited a freshman-year course taught by Nellie May Naylor with inspiring her pursuit of a scientific career."Darleane Hoffman: Adventures in the Nature of Matter," Catalyst Magazine (February 2012) [http://catalyst.berkeley.edu/v6n2/hoffman-adventures-in-matter/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306104438/http://catalyst.berkeley.edu/v6n2/hoffman-adventures-in-matter/ |date=2014-03-06 }} The co-founder of the Hach Company, Kathryn "Kitty" Hach-Darrow, recalls finding similar inspiration in Naylor.{{cite web|title=Clifford C. Hach and Kathryn Hach-Darrow|url=http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/public-and-environmental-health/public-health-and-safety/hach-and-hach-darrow.aspx|website=Chemical Heritage Foundation|access-date=25 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712164648/http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/public-and-environmental-health/public-health-and-safety/hach-and-hach-darrow.aspx|archive-date=July 12, 2016}}

In 1994, Nellie May Naylor was honored with a brick in the "Plaza of Heroines" in front of Catt Hall on the Iowa State University campus in Ames, Iowa.{{cite web|url=https://plaza.las.iastate.edu/directory/nellie-may-naylor/|title=Nellie May Naylor: Plaza of Heroines|website=Plaza of Heroines|access-date=2019-06-28}} Naylor is buried in the Iowa State University Cemetery in Ames.{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/92432585|title=Nellie M. Naylor (1885-1992) - Find A Grave...|website=www.findagrave.com}}