Neocaridina davidi

Neocaridina davidi was first identified and described by E-L Bouvier in 1904 but mislabled under the genus Caridina, within the Atyidae family.{{Cite journal |last=Bouvier |first=E.-L. |date=1904 |title=Crevettes de la famille des Atyidés; espèces qui font partie des collections du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle |url=https://biostor.org/reference/81436 |journal=Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. Paris |volume=10 |pages=129–138}}{{Cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Out of scope |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=586597 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=www.marinespecies.org}} The genus Caridina was recognized in 1837, and the genus Neocaridina was not separated from Caridina until 1938.{{Cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Caridina H. Milne Edwards, 1837 |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=240672 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=www.marinespecies.org}}{{Cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Out of scope |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=394148 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=www.marinespecies.org}}{{Cite book |last=Milne-Edwards |first=H. |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/16170 |title=Histoire naturelle des crustacés : comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux |last2=Milne-Edwards |first2=H. |last3=Fain (Paris) |last4=Roret (Parijs) |date=1834 |publisher=Librairie encyclopédique de Roret |location=Paris |doi=10.5962/bhl.title.16170}} The name of these shrimp has undergone several revisions before being recognized as N. davidi and has formerly been classified as Neocaridina denticulata sinensis (Kemp, 1918), Neocaridina heteropoda heteropoda (Liang, 2002), Neocaridina heteropoda (Liang, 2002), Caridina davidi, and Neocaridina zhangjiajiensis.{{Cite web |title=UniProt |url=https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/1592667 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=UniProt |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Out of scope |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1579333 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=www.marinespecies.org}} These other titles have since been rejected, and Neocaridina zhangjiajiensis is now recognized as its own separate species.File:Neocaridina heteropoda. Femelle avec œufs..JPG

File:Freshwater_shrimp_molted_skin.jpg

N. davidi are non-aggressive shrimp that are timid and spend the majority of their time scavenging for food in their surroundings.{{Cite journal |last=Weber |first=Sebastian |last2=Traunspurger |first2=Walter |date=2016-07-01 |title=Influence of the ornamental red cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904) on freshwater meiofaunal assemblages |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0075951116300354?via=ihub#bib0255 |journal=Limnologica |volume=59 |pages=155–161 |doi=10.1016/j.limno.2016.06.001 |issn=0075-9511}} Gravid females can be seen circulating water over the eggs with their pleopods (swimming legs) to ensure the health of their offspring, but they will abandon their eggs if stressed.{{Cite journal |last=Baliña |first=Sofía |last2=Temperoni |first2=Brenda |last3=López Greco |first3=Laura Susana |last4=Tropea |first4=Carolina |date=June 2018 |title=Losing Reproduction: Effect of High Temperature on Female Biochemical Composition and Egg Quality in a Freshwater Crustacean with Direct Development, the Red Cherry Shrimp, Neocaridina davidi (Decapoda, Atyidae) |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/698266?journalCode=bbl |journal=The Biological Bulletin |volume=234 |issue=3 |pages=139–151 |doi=10.1086/698266 |issn=0006-3185|hdl=11336/85304 |hdl-access=free }}

N. davidi molt periodically as they grow, and will consume their exoskeletons to recover the valuable nutrients lost, so molts should not be removed. Juvenile shrimp will molt more often than adult shrimp.{{Cite journal |last=Pantaleão |first=João A F |last2=Gregati |first2=Rafael A |last3=da Costa |first3=Rogério C |last4=López-Greco |first4=Laura S |last5=Negreiros-Fransozo |first5=Maria L |date=2017 |title=Post-hatching development of the ornamental ‘Red Cherry Shrimp’ Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904) (Crustacea, Caridea, Atyidae) under laboratorial conditions |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/are.12903 |journal=Aquaculture Research |language=en |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=553–569 |doi=10.1111/are.12903 |issn=1365-2109|hdl=11336/60380 |hdl-access=free }} These exoskeletons are the translucent outer shell of the shrimp, but also may have a whitish coloration.

N. davidi feed using their clawlike appendages at the ends of their first two pairs of legs, known as chelate, to grab their food.{{Cite journal |last=Pantaleão |first=João A F |last2=Gregati |first2=Rafael A |last3=da Costa |first3=Rogério C |last4=López-Greco |first4=Laura S |last5=Negreiros-Fransozo |first5=Maria L |date=2017 |title=Post-hatching development of the ornamental ‘Red Cherry Shrimp’ Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904) (Crustacea, Caridea, Atyidae) under laboratorial conditions |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/are.12903 |journal=Aquaculture Research |language=en |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=553–569 |doi=10.1111/are.12903 |issn=1365-2109|hdl=11336/60380 |hdl-access=free }} They are omnivores and feed on biofilms, algae, and detritus, and it is noted that N. davidi do not eat vascular plants.{{Cite journal |last=Weber |first=Sebastian |last2=Traunspurger |first2=Walter |date=2016-07-01 |title=Influence of the ornamental red cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904) on freshwater meiofaunal assemblages |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0075951116300354?via=ihub#bib0285 |journal=Limnologica |volume=59 |pages=155–161 |doi=10.1016/j.limno.2016.06.001 |issn=0075-9511}} N. davidi also consume their molted exoskeletons to reabsorb essential nutrients.{{Cite web |title=EENY-751/IN1301: Cherry Shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier 1904) (Crustacea: Decopoda: Atyidae) |url=https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/IN1301 |access-date=2025-03-10 |website=Ask IFAS - Powered by EDIS |language=en}}

Neocaridina davidi are a sexually dimorphic species. Males are typically smaller and less colorful than females. Females are typically larger, have wider tails for carrying eggs, and display a richer, more opaque coloration.{{Cite web |title=Identifying Male and Female Cherry Shrimp |url=https://www.shrimpscience.com/articles/sexing-dwarf-shrimp/ |access-date=2025-03-10 |website=www.shrimpscience.com |language=en-GB}} On the upper section of the female's body, on the "shoulder", the developing eggs on the ovaries may be seen in more transparent shrimp morphs. The shape of the ovaries drapes across both sides of the shrimp, giving rise to the nickname "saddle". The presence of a "saddle" indicates a female that is likely ready to mate.

N. davidi shrimp reach sexual maturity at approximately two months of age.{{Cite journal |last=Tropea |first=Carolina |last2=Greco |first2=Laura Susana López |date=December 2015 |title=Female Growth and Offspring Quality over Successive Spawnings in a Caridean Shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Decapoda, Atyidae) with Direct Development |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/BBLv229n3p243 |journal=The Biological Bulletin |volume=229 |issue=3 |pages=243–254 |doi=10.1086/BBLv229n3p243 |issn=0006-3185|hdl=11336/19521 |hdl-access=free }} Breeding only requires a sexed pair of shrimp, stable water parameters, and a food source. Eggs may be observed developing in the female's ovaries as a green or yellow triangular "saddle" marking on her back.{{Cite web |title=Identifying Male and Female Cherry Shrimp |url=https://www.shrimpscience.com/articles/sexing-dwarf-shrimp/ |access-date=2025-03-10 |website=www.shrimpscience.com |language=en-GB}} When she is ready to lay the eggs, which occurs after molting, she releases pheromones into the water to signal her availability to males. The male shrimp in the tank will often become agitated, swimming very actively about as they search for the source of the pheromones. After a brief mating process, during which the male deposits sperm onto the female's body, the female lays her eggs and affixes them to her swimmerettes, or pleopods.{{Cite journal |last=Baliña |first=Sofía |last2=Temperoni |first2=Brenda |last3=López Greco |first3=Laura Susana |last4=Tropea |first4=Carolina |date=June 2018 |title=Losing Reproduction: Effect of High Temperature on Female Biochemical Composition and Egg Quality in a Freshwater Crustacean with Direct Development, the Red Cherry Shrimp, Neocaridina davidi (Decapoda, Atyidae) |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/698266?journalCode=bbl |journal=The Biological Bulletin |volume=234 |issue=3 |pages=139–151 |doi=10.1086/698266 |issn=0006-3185|hdl=11336/85304 |hdl-access=free }} The eggs are not fertilized within the female; they are fertilized as they pass from the ovaries to the outside of the body. Therefore, it is certain that any shrimp carrying eggs has mated.File:Neocaridina davidi shrimplet.jpgFile:Neocaridina heteropoda.jpgFemales produce between 20–30 eggs at a time, which take 2–3 weeks to hatch.{{Cite journal |last=Pantaleão |first=João A F |last2=Gregati |first2=Rafael A |last3=da Costa |first3=Rogério C |last4=López-Greco |first4=Laura S |last5=Negreiros-Fransozo |first5=Maria L |date=2017 |title=Post-hatching development of the ornamental ‘Red Cherry Shrimp’ Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904) (Crustacea, Caridea, Atyidae) under laboratorial conditions |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/are.12903 |journal=Aquaculture Research |language=en |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=553–569 |doi=10.1111/are.12903 |issn=1365-2109|hdl=11336/60380 |hdl-access=free }} The eggs are green or yellow, depending on the color of the saddle. They turn darker and darker until the young shrimp hatch after about three weeks. As the eggs near the end stages of growth, tiny dark eye spots of the developing shrimp within can be observed. When the young hatch, they are tiny (roughly 1mm) copies of the adults, as N. davidi does not have a larval stage.{{Cite journal |last=Mitsugi |first=Mitsukazu |last2=Suzuki |first2=Hiroshi |date=2018 |title=Life history of an invasive freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904), (Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae) in the Tomoe River, the Boso Peninsula, eastern Japan |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/crustacea/47/0/47_9/_article |journal=Crustacean Research |language=en |volume=47 |issue=0 |pages=9–16 |doi=10.18353/crustacea.47.0_9 |issn=0287-3478|doi-access=free }}

While there is variance in the greenish-brown wild type coloration of N. davidi, they have been selectively bred to display a wide range of colors. It is thought that the variation of the wild type coloration serves as camouflague to protect against predationa and to display an individual's health for mate attraction.{{Cite journal |last=Lin |first=Shi |last2=Zhang |first2=Lili |last3=Wang |first3=Guodong |last4=Huang |first4=Shiyu |last5=Wang |first5=Yilei |date=2022-06-01 |title=Searching and identifying pigmentation genes from Neocaridina denticulate sinensis via comparison of transcriptome in different color strains |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1744117X22000193 |journal=Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics |volume=42 |pages=100977 |doi=10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100977 |issn=1744-117X}}{{Cite journal |last=Pantaleão |first=João A F |last2=Gregati |first2=Rafael A |last3=da Costa |first3=Rogério C |last4=López-Greco |first4=Laura S |last5=Negreiros-Fransozo |first5=Maria L |date=2017 |title=Post-hatching development of the ornamental ‘Red Cherry Shrimp’ Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904) (Crustacea, Caridea, Atyidae) under laboratorial conditions |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/are.12903 |journal=Aquaculture Research |language=en |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=553–569 |doi=10.1111/are.12903 |issn=1365-2109|hdl=11336/60380 |hdl-access=free }} There is limited public information about the heritability and inheritance patterns, expression, and polymorphism of color traits in the selective breeding of N. davidi.

N. davidi is semi-translucent, and their appearances are the result of "blood" ("flesh", muscles etc.) coloration and "skin" (the chitin of the shell) coloration. It is thought that the carotenoids in the food that shrimp consume provide pigmentation for their chromatophores.{{Cite journal |last=Lin |first=Shi |last2=Zhang |first2=Lili |last3=Wang |first3=Guodong |last4=Huang |first4=Shiyu |last5=Wang |first5=Yilei |date=2022-06-01 |title=Searching and identifying pigmentation genes from Neocaridina denticulate sinensis via comparison of transcriptome in different color strains |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1744117X22000193?via=ihub |journal=Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics |volume=42 |pages=100977 |doi=10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100977 |issn=1744-117X}}

Some of their coloration expressed in the exoskeleton of N. davidi may result from a specific mixture of the products produced by chromatophores; xanthophores (yellow/orange), erythrophores (red/orange), iridophores (blue), leucophores (white), and melanophores (black/brown).{{Cite journal |last=Lin |first=Shi |last2=Zhang |first2=Lili |last3=Wang |first3=Guodong |last4=Huang |first4=Shiyu |last5=Wang |first5=Yilei |date=June 2022 |title=Searching and identifying pigmentation genes from Neocaridina denticulate sinensis via comparison of transcriptome in different color strains |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35247793/ |journal=Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part D, Genomics & Proteomics |volume=42 |pages=100977 |doi=10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100977 |issn=1878-0407 |pmid=35247793}} Melanophores produce melanin, xanthaphoeres and erythrophores produce pteridine and carotenoids, and iridophores and lecuophores contain purines.File:Blue N. Davidi Shrimps.jpg

• Red – Red is the most frequently sold morph. The presence of erythrophores causes the red color of the shrimp.
• Yellow – The yellow color of the shrimp is caused by the presence of xanthophores.
• Blue – Blue shrimp are caused by the presence of iridophores which reflect blue light, or absence of melanophores combined with blue/blueish flesh.
• Green – Green shrimp is caused by the mixture of iridophores (that reflect blue light) and xanthophores.
• Violet – Violet shrimp is caused by the mixture of iridophores (that reflect blue light) and erythrophores.
• Chocolate – Melanophores that are a dark brown shade are present in this shrimp, though erythrophores or xanthophores can contribute to the brown or chocolate color of the shrimp.
• Black – Black melanophores are present in this shrimp, or brown melanophores combined with blue/blueish flesh.
• White – White shrimp are mainly caused by the absence of melanophores.
• "Ghost" – "Ghost" shrimp do not express any pigment at all and appear transparent.

RedCherryShrimp.jpg|Red Cherry

Super Yellow Cherry Shrimp (Neocaridina morph).jpg|Super Yellow

Orange Rilli.jpg|Orange Rili

Blue Shrimp.jpg|Blue Diamond

Red_Rili.jpg|Red Rili

White Shrimp.jpg|White Snow Ball

Choco Black Shrimp.jpg|Choco Black Shrimp

{{Reflist}}

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• [http://red-cherry-shrimp.com/ Red Cherry Shrimp - red-cherry-shrimp.com]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q608808}}

Category:Atyidae

Category:Crustaceans described in 1904