Neothauma
{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Neothauma2.jpg
|image_caption = shell of Neothauma tanganyicense
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|taxon = Neothauma
|authority = E. A. Smith, 1880Smith E. A. (1880). "On the shells of Lake Tanganyika and of the neighbourhood of Ujiji, central Africa". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1880: [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofgen80zool#page/344/mode/2up 344]-352. [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofgen80zool#page/348/mode/2up Page 349]. [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofgen80zool#page/352/mode/2up Plate 31].
|synonyms_ref =
|synonyms = Viviparus (Neothauma) E. A. Smith, 1880
|type_species = Neothauma tanganyicense E. A. Smith, 1880
|display_parents= 3
}}
Neothauma is a genus of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the subfamily Bellamyinae of the family Viviparidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Neothauma E. A. Smith, 1880. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994450 on 2021-09-19
Species
- Neothauma jouberti Bourguignat, 1888 [https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/im/item/2000-4619?listIndex=211&listCount=241 MNHN, Paris: syntype of Neothauma jouberti ]
- † Neothauma jupadwongaensis Musalizi, 2017
- Neothauma tanganyicense E. A. Smith, 1880 {{cite journal |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=52 |issue=3 |year=2009 |pages=797–805 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.007 |title=Molecular phylogenetic investigations of the Viviparidae (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda) in the lakes of the Rift Valley area of Africa |author=Mita E. Sengupta |author2=Thomas K. Kristensen |author3=Henry Madsen |author4=Aslak Jørgensen |name-list-style=amp |pmid=19435609}}Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. {{ISBN|0-7484-0026-5}}.
;Taxa inquirenda:
- Neothauma bridouxianum Grandidier, 1885
- Neothauma servainianum Grandidier, 1885
;Species brought into synonymy:
- Neothauma bicarinatum Bourguignat, 1885: synonym of Neothauma tanganyicense var. bicarinatum Bourguignat, 1885
- Neothauma ecclesi Pain & Crowley, 1964: synonym of Bellamya ecclesi (Crowley & Pain, 1964) (original combination)
- Neothauma giraudi Bourguignat, 1885: synonym of Neothauma tanganyicense E. A. Smith, 1880 (junior synonym)
Distribution
This freshwater snail is only found in Lake Tanganyika, where it is the largest gastropod, and occurs in all four of the bordering countries — Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia — although fossil shells have been discovered at Lake Edward and in the Lake Albert basin.
The type locality is the East shore of Lake Tanganyika, at Ujiji.
History
File:More Mollusks of the genus Neothauma.jpg
The genus Neothauma previously contained several species, but most were reassigned to other genera.{{Cite book|title = Iconographie malacologique des animaux mollusques fluviatiles du Lac Tanganika|url = https://archive.org/details/iconographiemala00bour|publisher = Impr. Crété|date = 1888-01-01|language = fr|first = Jules René|last = Bourguignat}}
Description
The width of the shell is {{convert|46|mm|in|abbr=on}}. The height of the shell is {{convert|60|mm|in|abbr=on}}.
Ecology
This species lives in depths of up to {{convert|65|m|ft|abbr=on}}. There is conflicting information relating to its feeding behavior, with one study referring to it as a detritus-feeder,{{cite journal| author1=Palacios-Fest, M.R. | author2=S.R. Alin | author3=A.S. Cohen | author4=B. Tanner | author5=H. Heuser | year=2005 | title=Paleolimnological investigations of anthropogenic environmental change in Lake Tanganyika: IV. Lacustrine paleoecology | journal=Journal of Paleolimnology | volume=34 | pages=51–71 | doi=10.1007/s10933-005-2397-1 | citeseerx=10.1.1.489.2218 }} another saying that it actively preys on endobenthic organisms,{{cite journal| author1=Van Damme, D. | author2=Pickford, M. | year=1998 | title=The late Cenozoic Viviparidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) of the Albertine Rift Valley | journal=Hydrobiologia | volume=390 | issue=1 | pages=171–217 | doi=10.1023/A:1003518218109 }} and finally that it feeds on particulate organic filtered while the snail is buried.{{cite journal| author1=West, K. | author2=Cohen, A. | author3=Baron, M. | year=1991 | title=Morphology and behavior of crabs and gastropods from Lake Tanganyika, Africa: Implications for lacustrine predator-prey coevolution | journal=Evolution | volume=45 | issue=3 | pages=589–607 | doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04331.x | pmid=28568834 | doi-access=free }}
The shells of dead Neothauma tanganyicense often form carpets over large areas, and are used by a number of other animals, such as cichlid fish (shell dwellers),{{cite journal |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |year=2007 |volume=7 |page=7 |doi=10.1186/1471-2148-7-7 |title=Reticulate phylogeny of gastropod-shell-breeding cichlids from Lake Tanganyika — the result of repeated introgressive hybridization |author=Stephan Koblmüller |author2=Nina Duftner |author3=Kristina M Sefc |author4=Mitsuto Aibara |author5=Martina Stipacek |author6=Michel Blanc |author7=Bernd Egger |author8=Christian Sturmbauer |name-list-style=amp |pmc=1790888 |pmid=17254340 |doi-access=free }} and freshwater crabs of the genus Platythelphusa.{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/002229399299860 |author=N. Cumberlidge |author2=R. von Sternberg |author3=I. R. Bills |author4=H. Martin |name-list-style=amp |year=1999 |title=A revision of the genus Platythelphusa A. Milne-Edwards, 1887 from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa (Decapoda: Potamoidea: Platythelphusidae) |journal=Journal of Natural History |volume=33 |issue=10 |pages=1487–1512 |citeseerx=10.1.1.654.5532 }} Juvenile snails live in the sediment in order to avoid predators.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Commonscatinline}}
- [https://archive.org/stream/histoiremalacolo00bour/histoiremalacolo00bour_djvu.txt Bourguignat (1890), "Histoire malacologique du Lac Tanganika (Afrique equaltoriale)"]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3319970}}
Category:Gastropods described in 1880
Category:Monotypic gastropod genera
Category:Taxa named by Edgar Albert Smith