Newark Public Library

Closed Branches

The historic Newark Public Library traces its beginnings to the Newark Library Association, a private organization that was chartered in 1847. In 1887, the people of Newark approved the founding of a Free Public Library.{{cite web|url=http://www.npl.org/Pages/ProgramsExhibits/Exhibits/NPL125.html|title=The Newark Public Library|website=The Newark Public Library}} The first director of the library was Frank Pierce Hill.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Hill_FA.pdf|title=Frank P. Hill Papers|website=Newark Public Library|access-date=2018-04-19}}

The Newark Free Public Library opened on West Park Street in the central ward of downtown Newark in 1889 and offered a collection of over 10,000 books which had been acquired from the Newark Library Association.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/about-the-library/history/|title=History – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}}

Over time, the influx of more books and an increasing population necessitated the construction of a new building at 5 Washington Street, the current location of the main branch of the Newark Public Library which opened in 1901. An architectural marvel, the new building, designed by Rankin and Kellogg, was influenced by the 15th century Palazzo Strozzi in Florence, Italy. The library also served as a museum, lecture hall, and a gallery.

In 1902, John Cotton Dana succeeded Frank Pierce Hill to become the director of the library. John Cotton Dana greatly promoted the educational value of the library. For example, he established foreign language collections for immigrants and even developed a special collection for the business community.{{Cite web|url=https://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/dana/john_cotton_dana|title=John Cotton Dana - Newark's First Citizen {{!}} Rutgers University Libraries|website=www.libraries.rutgers.edu|access-date=2019-04-19}} This "Business Branch" was the first of its kind in the nation. John Cotton Dana was employed at the Newark Public Library in Newark, New Jersey, until his death in 1929. John Cotton Dana also founded the Newark Museum in 1909, inside the library, directing it until his death.

After the death of Dana in 1929, Beatrice Winser took over as director of the library and Newark Museum until 1942.{{Cite book|title=The famous, the familiar and the forgotten : 350 notable Newarkers|last=Sterling, Guy|date=2014 |publisher=Xlibris Corporation |isbn=9781499079906|oclc=958070634}} In 1930, the library had a book truck which brought books to children throughout Newark.{{Cite web|url=https://www.npl.org/Pages/ProgramsExhibits/Exhibits/NPL125.html|title=The Newark Public Library - 125 years of innovation and service}} In 1929, the library's New Jersey Collection was founded, which later became The Charles F. Cummings New Jersey Information Center. The CFCNJIC became a separate Library department in 1951. In 1963 the library became a Federal Regional Depository.{{Cite web |title=U.S. Government Documents – Newark Public Library |url=https://npl.org/collections-services/u-s-government-documents-regional-depository-services/ |access-date=2019-04-19 |website=npl.org}}

The Newark Public Library claims to have negotiated its first international interlibrary loan in 1955 with the German government.Newark Public Library. (n.d.). History. https://www.npl.org/about-the-library/history/ According to researchers on the subject of international interlibrary loans, this is not exactly on the cutting edge of international interlibrary loan history, due to the fact that international interlibrary loans have been occurring in different forms throughout the ages. However, "The United States... was slow to resume international lending [after World War II]. Although some individual U.S. libraries reluctantly began to loan materials to Europe after the war, it was not until 1959… that the majority of U.S. libraries willingly resumed lending their materials across the Atlantic". Newark Public Library was a part of the vanguard to reactivate international interlibrary loans after the events of World War II, reconnecting the library systems of North America to the rest of the world.Miguel, T.M. (2007). Exchanging books in Western Europe: A brief history of international interlibrary loan. openYLS Yale Law School. https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.13051/17695/2007_Exchanging_Books_in_Western_Europe.pdf?sequence=2https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.13051/17695/2007_Exchanging_Books_in_Western_Europe.pdf?sequence=2

According to the Newark Public Library, the library itself was threatened with closure 2 times officially within a decade, one of these people responsible for the potential closure being the mayor of the city, Hugh Joseph Addonizio between 1964 and 1969. This was also taking place during the general time frame of the 1967 Newark riots, or rebellion as many would call it. The library was able to remain open through the help of federal aid funding. When the library was threatened with closure for the second time in 1969, a social movement of concerned citizens were able to put enough political pressure on the government in order to secure more funding.

In 1989, the library opened what is now the James Brown African American Room to "generate and maintain an appreciation of African American history and culture".{{Cite news|title=Newark library hails new era, opens African American Room|last=Robinson|first=Lauren|date=1989-02-15|work=The Star Ledger}} Also in 1989, La Sala was established with the "largest collection of Spanish–language library resources in New Jersey.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/collections-services/njhric/|title=New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}}

In 2002, The Newark Public Library partnered with a Latino community group, the Friends the Hispanic Research Information Center (HRIC), to create the New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center (NJHRIC).

In 2018, the library launched a digital collection at http://digital.npl.org.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/introducing-the-newark-public-library-digital-archive/|title=Introducing the Newark Public Library Digital Archive – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}} In 2024 the library scanned Newark's newspaper of record the Newark Evening News.{{Cite web |title=Advantage-Preservaion |url=https://newark.historyarchives.online/home |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=newark.historyarchives.online |language=en}}

• The Reference Center provides information on all subjects.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/collections-services/reference-center/|title=Reference Center – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}} This division serves as the statewide reference center for libraries researching art, business, music, patents and trademarks, and U.S. government documents questions.
• The Charles F. Cummings New Jersey Information Center provides New Jersey reference.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/collections-services/charles-f-cummings-new-jersey-information-center/|title=Charles F. Cummings New Jersey Information Center – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}} It is home to many unique collections on Newark and NJ including books, photographs, microfilm and archives.
• The New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center consists of La Sala Hispanoamericana, the state's largest collection of Spanish Language books, the Hispanic Reference Collection, and the Puerto Rican Community Archives.
• Special Collections includes graphic and visual arts collections as diverse as fine prints, medieval manuscripts and shopping bags and was established by John Cotton Dana in 1902. Special Collections "preserves and provides access to thousands of extraordinary rare books, artists’ books, fine prints and other works on paper in order to enhance the study of the visual arts and to inspire and encourage Newarkers to learn more about the graphic arts." Sub-collections held include the Advertising and Graphic Design, William J. Dane Fine Prints, Jenkinson Collection, Books and Periodicals, Autographs, Manuscripts, and Artist Information Files. At this time, Special Collections and "Fine Prints and Manuscripts Department of the Newark Public Library is currently unstaffed" and patrons are directed to reach out to specific departments for various collections.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/special-collections/|title=Special Collections – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}}
• The James Brown African American Room was established to "document, preserve and foster the history, culture and literary achievements of African Americans".{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/jbaar/|title=James Brown African American Room – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}}
• Other spaces in the main branch include the Children's Room, Teen Room, LGBTQ Center, and Special Services Room.{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/main-library/|title=Main Library – Newark Public Library|website=npl.org|access-date=2019-04-19}}

File:Philip Roth Library, Newark Public Library, New Jersey.jpg

• The Philip Roth Personal Library consists of Roth's entire personal library of approximately 7,000 volumes, as well as an exhibit about Roth {{Cite web|title=Philip Roth Fans Can Finally Explore the Roth Room at Newark Public Library in Jan. 2021|url=https://www.tapinto.net/towns/newark/sections/arts-and-entertainment/articles/philip-roth-fans-can-finally-explore-the-roth-room-at-newark-public-library-in-jan-2021|access-date=2021-12-14|website=TAPinto|language=en}}{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://www.prpl.npl.org/about |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=On View at the Newark Public Library |language=en-US}} Novelist Philip Roth bequeathed $2 million and a large portion of his estate to the library upon his death in 2018. The collection includes Roth's personal correspondence, photographs, scrapbooks, furniture, travel itineraries, typewriters, and over 7,000 books by various authors, many of which include notations in Roth's handwriting.{{cite news |last1=Harris |first1=Elizabeth A. |date=7 June 2021 |title=Look Inside Philip Roth's Personal Library |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/07/books/philip-roth-newark-library.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324052219/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/07/books/philip-roth-newark-library.html |archive-date=24 March 2022 |access-date=25 March 2023 |work=The New York Times |location=New York, NY}}{{cite web |title=The Philip Roth Personal Library |url=https://www.prpl.npl.org/about |access-date=25 March 2023 |website=Newark Public Library}} Roth cited a "longstanding sense of gratitude to the city where I was born" as motivation for his bequest. The Philip Roth Personal Library opened to the public in 2021.

The four–story Italian Renaissance-inspired Main Library building was designed by John Hall Rankin and Thomas M. Kellogg, drawing inspiration from the 15th century Palazzo Strozzi in Florence, Italy. Their intentions were to have the building not only serve as a library, but also as a museum, lecture hall, and gallery, that would provide cultural, as well as educational experiences in an aesthetically pleasing environment. The building structure includes an open center court/foyer with arches and mosaics that extended upward to a stained glass ceiling four stories high.{{Cite web |date=2016-10-12 |title=History |url=https://www.npl.org/history/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Newark Public Library |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=James Street Commons Historic District · DANA |url=https://dana.njit.edu/items/show/453 |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=dana.njit.edu}}

The Main Library has been renovated many times since its founding. In 1922 and 1931 additions was completed. In 1927, a mural was painted on the 2nd floor - The Fountain of Knowledge - this mural still exists today. In 1949 a 10,000 square foot maintenance building was added.

In 1952, a $1,500,000 renovation project modernized the building including covering the 2nd floor mural. From 1987 to 1888 another renovation took place—restoring the mural.

In 2006, renovations were carried out in the lobby, including new front doors. In 2010-2011 projects included new carpeting and painting. The Philip Roth Personal Library opened in 2021.{{Cite web |title=Philip Roth Fans Can Finally Explore the Roth Room at Newark Public Library in Jan. 2021 |url=https://www.tapinto.net/towns/newark/sections/arts-and-entertainment/articles/philip-roth-fans-can-finally-explore-the-roth-room-at-newark-public-library-in-jan-2021 |access-date=2021-12-14 |website=TAPinto |language=en}}

In Spring 2021, the library received a grant from the State Library Construction Bond Act, with a project to update an older building.{{Cite web |title=New Jersey Library Construction Bond Act |url=https://www.njstatelib.org/services_for_libraries/new-jersey-library-construction-bond-act/#:~:text=On%20October%2019,%202022,%20the,Library%20Construction%20Bond%20Act%20(LCBA) |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=New Jersey State Library |language=en-US}} In 2022, the Board of Trustees voted to reallocate these funds to create a new space for the New Jersey Hispanic Research and Information Center on the 3rd floor of the Main Library and create a new Technology Center on the 1st floor. Construction is ongoing as of 2024.

Source:{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://www.npl.org/about-the-library/history/ |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=Newark Public Library |language=en}}

• 1889-1901: Frank Pierce Hill
• 1902-1929: John Cotton Dana
• 1929-1942: Beatrice Winser
• 1943-1958: John Boyton Kaiser
• 1958-1972: James E Bryan
• 1972-1977: J. Bernard Schein
• 1977-1979: William Urban
• 1979-1987: Thomas J. Alrutz
• 1988-2004: Alex Boyd
• 2005-2015: Wilma Grey
• 2017-2019: Jeffrey Trzeciak
• 2020-2022: Joslyn Bowling Dixon {{Cite web |date=2020-07-09 |title=Newark Public Library Announces Appointment of Library Director, Joslyn Bowling Dixon |url=https://www.npl.org/newark-public-library-announces-appointment-of-library-director-joslyn-bowling-dixon/ |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=Newark Public Library |language=en}}
• 2023–Present: Christian Zabriskie {{Cite web |title=Newark Appoints Accomplished New Public Library Director |url=https://www.tapinto.net/towns/newark/sections/government/articles/newark-appoints-accomplished-new-public-library-director |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=TAPinto |language=en}}

As of August 2024:{{Cite web|url=https://npl.org/about/|title=About - Newark Public Library}}

• Dr. Lauren Wells, President
• Mr. Domingo Morel, Vice President
• Dr. Rosemary Steinbaum, Secretary
• Dr. Jason Ballard, Treasurer
• Dr. Robert J. Austin ll
• Mr. Miguel Rodriguez
• Ms. Aisha Cooper
• Havier Nazario – Representative for Superintendent of Schools, Roger Leon

After being selected by the Association of American College & Universities (AAC&U) to partake in the implementation of a Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation (TRHT) campus centers, Rutgers University-Newark partnered with the Newark Public Library to aid in the development of the program. The AAC&U selected 10 universities to implement these programs and provided each a grant of $30,000.{{Cite journal|last=Dixon|first=Ja|date=May 2018|title=Rutgers Partners with Newark PL|journal=Library Journal|volume=143|pages=16–17}} The goal is to bring to light the issues regarding racial inequality in diverse cities like Newark. Though selected in August 2017, the programs began on January 17, 2017, at the Newark Public Library and include events that addressed DACA and the Charlottesville Riots and used spoken word poetry and art as mediums.

Since 2016, the Newark Library has hosted an annual Philip Roth Lecture.{{Cite web|url=http://thenewarktimes.com/internationally-acclaimed-author-salman-rushdie-deliver-3rd-annual-philip-roth-lecture-newark-public-library/|title=Internationally Acclaimed Author Salman Rushdie To Deliver 3rd Annual Philip Roth Lecture at Newark Public Library|last=Glover|first=Tehsuan|date=2018-09-18|website=The Newark Times|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-19}} Speakers have included Zadie Smith, Robert Caro, Salman Rushdie, Sean Wilentz, Tracy K. Smith, Ayad Akhtar, Nikole Hannah-Jones, and Jelani Cobb.{{Cite web | title=One moment, please... | url=https://www.npl.org/prl2022/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610110549/https://www.npl.org/prl2022/ | access-date=2025-05-19 | archive-date=2023-06-10}}

{{Reflist}}

• Newark Public Library. "Fifty Years 1889-1939" Internet Archive. Retrieved Mar 19, 2025.
• Bryan, James E. "Newark Public Library History" Internet Archive. Retrieved Mar 19, 2025.
• Ford, Bruce E. "The Newark Public Library: A Brief History" Internet Archive. Retrieved Mar 19, 2025.
• {{cite book |title=Libraries and the Reading Public in Twentieth-Century America |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |year=2013 |isbn=978-0299293239 |editor1=Christine Pawley |editor2=Louise S. Robbins |series=Print Culture History in Modern America |chapter=Going to 'America': Italian Neighborhoods and the Newark Free Public Library, 1900–1920 |author= Ellen M. Pozzi }}
• Edwin Beckerman (1997). A History of New Jersery Libraries. Scarecrow Press. {{ISBN|0810832720}}.
• George Robb (2019). [https://njs.libraries.rutgers.edu/index.php/njs/article/view/150 "Propaganda, Censorship and Book Drives: The Newark Library in World War One"]. New Jersey Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal.

• [http://www.npl.org Newark Public Library]
• [http://digital.npl.org Digital collection]

{{Newark, New Jersey}}

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Category:Public libraries in New Jersey

Category:Beaux-Arts architecture in New Jersey

Category:Education in Newark, New Jersey

Category:Tourist attractions in Essex County, New Jersey

Category:Historic district contributing properties in Newark, New Jersey

Category:National Register of Historic Places in Newark, New Jersey

Category:New Jersey Register of Historic Places

Category:Non-profit organizations based in New Jersey

Category:Culture of Newark, New Jersey