Nitrosyl fluoride

{{short description|Chemical compound}}{{One source|date=October 2023}}{{Chembox

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| verifiedrevid = 441981882

| ImageFile = Nitrosyl-fluoride-2D-dimensions.png

| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}

| ImageSize = 100

| ImageName = Skeletal formula of nitrosyl fluoride with measurements

| ImageFile1 = Nitrosyl-fluoride-3D-balls.png

| ImageFile1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}

| ImageSize1 = 100

| ImageName1 = Ball and stick model of nitrosyl fluoride

| IUPACName = Nitrosyl fluoride{{Citation needed|date=April 2012}}

| OtherNames = Nitrogen oxyfluoride{{Citation needed|date=April 2012}}

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| Abbreviations = NOF{{Citation needed|date=April 2012}}

| CASNo = 7789-25-5

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 9FXL2Q69DQ

| PubChem = 123261

| ChemSpiderID = 109874

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| EINECS = 232-153-6

| SMILES = FN=O

| StdInChI = 1S/FNO/c1-2-3

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = ZEIYBPGWHWECHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

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|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| Formula = NOF

| MolarMass = 49.0045 g mol−1

| Appearance = Colourless gas

| Density = 2.657 mg mL−1(gas) 1.326 g/cm3(liquid)

| Solubility = Reacts

| MeltingPtC = -166

| BoilingPtC = -72.4

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|Section3={{Chembox Related

| OtherCompounds = {{Unbulleted list|Nitroxyl|Nitrosyl chloride|Nitrosyl bromide}}

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Nitrosyl fluoride (NOF) is a covalently bonded nitrosyl compound.

Physical properties

The compound is a colorless gas, with bent molecular shape.{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|page=507}} The VSEPR model explains this geometry via a lone-pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom.

Chemistry

Nitrosyl fluoride is typically produced by direct reaction of nitric oxide and fluorine, although halogenation with a perfluorinated metal salt is also possible. The compound is a highly reactive fluorinating agent that converts many metals to their fluorides, releasing nitric oxide in the process:

:n NOF + M → MFn + n NO

For this reason, aqueous NOF solutions are, like aqua regia, powerful solvents for metals.

Absent an oxidizable metal, NOF reacts with water to form nitrous acid, which then disproportionates to nitric acid:

:NOF + H2O → HNO2 + HF

:3 HNO2 → HNO3 + 2 NO + H2O

These reactions occur in both acidic and basic solutions.

Nitrosyl fluoride also forms salt-like adducts with Lewis-acidic fluorides; for example, BF3 reacts to give NOBF4. Similarly, the compound nitrosylates compounds with a free proton; thus alcohols convert to nitrites:

:ROH + NOF → RONO + HF

Uses

Nitrosyl fluoride is used as a solvent and as a fluorinating and nitrating{{dubious|reason=More likely to nitrosate|date=November 2024}} agent in organic synthesis.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

References