Nomascus
{{Short description|Genus of apes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Hylobates concolor2.jpg
| image_caption = Northern white-cheeked gibbon
Nomascus leucogenys
| taxon = Nomascus
| authority = Miller, 1933
| type_species = Hylobates leucogenys
| type_species_authority = Ogilby, 1840
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = Nomascus concolor
Nomascus nasutus
Nomascus hainanus
Nomascus leucogenys
Nomascus siki
Nomascus gabriellae
Nomascus annamensis
| range_map = Nomascus.svg
| range_map_caption = Map showing the distribution of Nomascus species
{{Leftlegend|#8c510a|Nomascus leucogenys - Extant}}
:{{Leftlegend|#b99563|Nomascus leucogenys - Possibly Extant}}
:{{Leftlegend|#e7dbbd|Nomascus leucogenys - Possibly Extinct}}
{{Leftlegend|#01665e|Nomascus concolor - Extant}}
:{{Leftlegend|#65a295|Nomascus concolor - Possibly Extant}}
{{Leftlegend|#c51b7d|Nomascus nasutus - Extant}}
{{Leftlegend|#4575b4|Nomascus siki - Extant}}
{{Leftlegend|#d73027|Nomascus hainanus - Extant}}
{{Leftlegend|#542788|Nomascus annamensis - Extant}}
{{Leftlegend|#d6604d|Nomascus gabriellae - Extant}}
}}
Nomascus is the second-most speciose genus of the gibbon family, Hylobatidae. Originally, this genus was a subgenus of Hylobates, with all individuals considered to be one species, H. concolor.
Species within Nomascus are characterized by 52 chromosomes. Some species are all-black, some are a lighter beige or peach hue, with a distinct black tuft of crown fur, while others have notable, light-colored cheek “patches”. Nomascus is endemic from southern China (Yunnan) to southern Vietnam, and can also be found on Hainan. Every species within this genus are either endangered or critically endangered; the Eastern black crested gibbon (Nomascus nasutus) has been deemed "the most-critically endangered ape species in the world".{{cite journal | last = Geissmann | first = Thomas | journal = International Zoo News | title = Gibbon systematics and species identification | volume = 42 | url = http://gibbons.de/main/papers/pdf_files/1995gibbon_systematics_big.pdf | date=December 1995 | access-date = 2008-08-15 | pages = 467–501}}
Extant species
{{Species table |genus=Nomascus |authority-name= Miller|authority-year= 1933 |species-count=seven|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Black crested gibbon|binomial=Nomascus concolor
|image= |image-size=160px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Harlan |authority-year= 1826|authority-not-original=yes
|range= China, Laos, and northern Vietnam
|range-image=File:Black Crested Gibbon area.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status=CR
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| Tonkin black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor concolor
| Laotian black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor lu
| Central Yunnan black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor jingdongensis
| West Yunnan black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor furvogaster
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Eastern black crested gibbon|binomial=Nomascus nasutus
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Künckel d'Herculais |authority-year= 1884|authority-not-original=yes
|range= northeast Vietnam
|range-image= File:Eastern Black Crested Gibbon area.png
|range-image-size=160px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= CR
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Hainan black crested gibbon|binomial=Nomascus hainanus
|image=File:Nomascus nasutus hainanus.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Thomas |authority-year= 1892|authority-not-original=yes
|range= Hainan Island, China.
|range-image=File:Hainan Black Crested Gibbon area.png
|range-image-size=160px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= CR
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Northern white-cheeked gibbon|binomial=Nomascus leucogenys
|image=File:Nomascus leucogenys female and male.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Ogilby |authority-year= 1840|authority-not-original=yes
|range= northern Vietnam and northern Laos
|range-image=File:Northern White-cheeked Gibbon area.png
|range-image-size=160px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status=CR
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Southern white-cheeked gibbon|binomial=Nomascus siki
|image=File:Southern white-cheeked gibbon.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Delacour |authority-year= 1951|authority-not-original=yes
|range= Vietnam and Laos.
|range-image=File:Southern White-cheeked Gibbon area.png
|range-image-size=160px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= EN
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Yellow-cheeked gibbon|binomial=Nomascus gabriellae
|image=File:Ape-530759.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Thomas |authority-year= 1909|authority-not-original=yes
|range= Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
|range-image=File:Yellow-cheeked Gibbon area.png
|range-image-size=160px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= EN
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Northern buffed-cheeked gibbon|binomial=Nomascus annamensis
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Thinh et al. |authority-year= 2010|authority-not-original=
|range= Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.
|range-image=File:Range Nomascus annamensis.png
|range-image-size=160px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= EN
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/end}}
Classification
- Family Hylobatidae: gibbons{{MSW3 Groves|pages=180–181}}
- Genus Hylobates
- Genus Hoolock
- Genus Symphalangus
- Genus Nomascus
- Black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor
- Tonkin black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor concolor
- Laotian black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor lu
- Central Yunnan black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor jingdongensis
- West Yunnan black crested gibbon, Nomascus concolor furvogaster
- Eastern black crested gibbon, Nomascus nasutus
- Hainan black crested gibbon, Nomascus hainanus{{cite journal|author=Thomas Geissmann|title=Status reassessment of the gibbons: Results of the Asian Primate Red List Workshop 2006|journal=Gibbon Journal |issue=3 |date=April 2007}}
- Northern white-cheeked gibbon, Nomascus leucogenys
- Southern white-cheeked gibbon, Nomascus siki
- Yellow-cheeked gibbon, Nomascus gabriellae
- Northern buffed-cheeked gibbon, Nomascus annamensis{{cite journal|author1=Van Ngoc Thinh |author2=Alan R. Mootnick |author3=Vu Ngoc Thanh |author4=Tilo Nadler |author5=Christian Roos |title=A new species of crested gibbon, from the central Annamite mountain range|journal=Vietnamese Journal of Primatology |year=2010 |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=1–12}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- ARKive - [https://web.archive.org/web/20060422075107/http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Nomascus_concolor/ images and movies of the black-crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor)]
- [http://www.gibbons.de/main2/index.html Photos of gibbons]
- [http://www.gibboncenter.org/ Gibbon Conservation Center]
- [http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/entry/white-cheeked_gibbon Primate Info Net Hylobates (Nomascus) leucogenys Factsheet]
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{{Haplorhini|Ho.}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q990943}}
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Category:Mammals of Southeast Asia