Nonane

{{Distinguish|nonene|nonyne}}

{{Chembox

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 470622939

| ImageFile = Nonane-2D-Skeletal.svg

| ImageClass = skin-invert-image

| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}

| ImageSize = 245

| ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of nonane

| ImageFile1 = NonaneFull.png

| ImageClass1 = skin-invert-image

| ImageFile1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}

| ImageSize1 = 245

| ImageAlt1 = Skeletal formula of nonane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added

| ImageFile2 = Nonane 3D ball.png

| ImageClass2 = bg-transparent

| ImageFile2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}

| ImageSize2 = 245

| ImageAlt2 = Ball-and-stick model of the nonane molecule

| PIN = Nonane{{Cite web|title=nonane - Compound Summary|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=8141&loc=ec_rcs|work=PubChem Compound|publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information|access-date=6 January 2012|location=USA|date=16 September 2004|at=Identification and Related Records}}

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo = 111-84-2

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = T9W3VH6G10

| PubChem = 8141

| ChemSpiderID = 7849

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| EINECS = 203-913-4

| UNNumber = 1920

| MeSHName = nonane

| ChEBI = 32892

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEMBL = 335900

| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| RTECS = RA6115000

| Beilstein = 1696917

| Gmelin = 240576

| SMILES = CCCCCCCCC

| StdInChI = 1S/C9H20/c1-3-5-7-9-8-6-4-2/h3-9H2,1-2H3

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

}}

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| C = 9

| H = 20

| Appearance = Colorless liquid

| Odor = Gasoline-like

| Density = 0.718 g/mL

| MeltingPtK = 219.0 to 220.0

| BoilingPtK = 423.5 to 424.1

| LogP = 5.293

| VaporPressure = 0.59 kPa (at 25.0 °C)

| HenryConstant = 1.7 nmol Pa⁻¹ kg⁻¹

| RefractIndex = 1.405

| MagSus = −108.13·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol

}}

|Section3={{Chembox Thermochemistry

| DeltaHf = −275.7 – −273.7 kJ mol⁻¹

| DeltaHc = −6125.75 – −6124.67 kJ mol⁻¹

| Entropy = 393.67 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹

| HeatCapacity = 284.34 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹

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|Section4={{Chembox Hazards

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame}} {{GHS exclamation mark}} {{GHS health hazard}}

| GHSSignalWord = DANGER

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|226|304|315|319|332|336}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|301+310|305+351+338|331}}

| NFPA-H = 0

| NFPA-F = 3

| NFPA-R = 0

| NFPA-S =

| FlashPtC = 31.0

| AutoignitionPtC = 205.0

| ExploLimits = 0.87–2.9%

| IDLH = N.D.{{PGCH|0466}}

| REL = TWA 200 ppm (1050 mg/m³)

| PEL = none

}}{{cite web |url=http://www.ehs.neu.edu/laboratory_safety/general_information/nfpa_hazard_rating/documents/NFPAratingJR.htm |title=NFPA Hazard Rating Information for Common Chemicals |access-date=2015-03-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217114741/http://www.ehs.neu.edu/laboratory_safety/general_information/nfpa_hazard_rating/documents/NFPAratingJR.htm |archive-date=2015-02-17 }}

|Section5={{Chembox Related

| OtherFunction_label = alkanes

| OtherFunction = {{Unbulleted list|Octane|Decane}}

}}

}}

Nonane is a linear alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₉H₂₀. It is a colorless, flammable liquid, occurring primarily in the component of the petroleum distillate fraction commonly called kerosene, which is used as a heating, tractor, and jet fuel.{{Cite web|title = Petroleum - Chemistry Encyclopedia - reaction, water, uses, elements, examples, gas, number, name|url = http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ny-Pi/Petroleum.html|website = www.chemistryexplained.com|access-date = 2016-01-28}} Nonane is also used as a solvent, distillation chaser, fuel additive, and a component in biodegradable detergents.Health Council of the Netherlands: Committee on Updating of Occupational Exposure Limits. Nonane; Health-based Reassessment of Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands, 2005; 2000/15OSH/155. http://www.gezondheidsraad.nl/sites/default/files/0015osh155.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228161532/https://www.gezondheidsraad.nl/sites/default/files/0015osh155.pdf |date=2018-02-28 }} It is also a minor component of diesel fuel.{{Cite web |last=Simmons |first=Mark |date=2017-07-24 |title=Kerosene and Diesel Fuel Analysis By GCMS |url=https://www.smsanalytical.com/blog/kerosene-analysis-gcms |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=sms analytical |language=en-GB}}

Nonane has 35 structural isomers.

Its substituent form is nonyl. Its cycloalkane counterpart is cyclononane, (C₉H₁₈).

Unlike most alkanes, the numeric prefix in its name is from Latin, not Greek. (A name using a Greek prefix would be enneane.)