Nonexplosive stop
{{Short description|Phonetic sound}}
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In phonetics and phonology, nonexplosive stops are posited class of non-pulmonic{{cn|date=August 2015}} ("non-obstruent") stop consonants that lack the pressure build-up and burst release associated with pulmonic stops, but also the laryngeal lowering of implosive stops. They are reported to occur in Ikwere, an Igboid (Niger–Congo) language of Nigeria.
Ikwere's two nonexplosive stops, transcribed as voiced {{angbr IPA|ḅ}} and pre-glottalized {{angbr IPA|ʼḅ}}, correspond to labial-velars {{IPA|/k͡p/}} and {{IPA|/ɡ͡b/}}, respectively, in most other Igboid languages, and to implosives {{IPA|/ɓ̥/}} and {{IPA|/ɓ/}} in some varieties of Igbo. Ikwere's stops resemble both, in that they are velarized and have a non-pulmonic airstream mechanism.{{Clarify|date=March 2013}}
References
- {{cite book |last=Clements |first=George N. |author2=Osu, Sylvester |year=2002 |chapter=Explosives, implosives, and nonexplosives: Some linguistic effects of air pressure differences in stops |editor=Carlos Gussenhoven and Natasha Warner |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BVAhFY3uBbcC&q=%22nonexplosive+stop%22&pg=PA299 | title=Laboratory Phonology 7 |pages=299–350 |location=Berlin |publisher=Mouton de Gruyter|isbn=9783110170863 |doi=10.1515/9783110197105.2.299}}
- {{cite journal |last=Clements |first=George N. |author2=Osu, Sylvester |year=2005 |title=Nasal harmony in Ikwere, a language with no phonemic nasal consonants |journal=Journal of African Languages and Linguistics |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=165–200 |doi=10.1515/jall.2005.26.2.165|s2cid=144317723 }}
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