Nonlinear X-wave
In physics, a nonlinear X-wave (NLX) is a multi-dimensional wave that can travel without distortion.
At variance with X-waves, a nonlinear X-wave does exist in the presence of nonlinearity, and in many cases it self-generates from a Gaussian (in any direction) wave packet.
The distinctive feature of an NLX is its "biconical" shape, (see figure) which appears as an "X" in any section plane containing the wave peak and the direction of propagation.
So far, nonlinear X-waves have been only observed in nonlinear optics experiments, and have been predicted to occur in a variety of nonlinear media including Bose–Einstein condensates.{{cite journal | last1=Colas | first1=D. | last2=Laussy | first2=F. | last3=Davis | first3=M. | title= Formation of nonlinear X-waves in condensed matter systems | journal=Physical Review B | volume=99 | issue=21 | date=10 June 2019 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevB.99.214301 | page=214301 |arxiv=1903.12357| bibcode=2019PhRvB..99u4301C | s2cid=88524670 }}
History
- Preliminary experimental results were reported CLEO/QELS conference in 2001{{cite book | last1=Valiulis | first1=G. | last2=Kilius | first2=J. | last3=Jedrkiewicz | first3=O. | last4=Bramati | first4=A. | last5=Minardi | first5=S. | last6=Conti | first6=C. | last7=Trillo | first7=S. | last8=Piskarskas | first8=A. | last9=Trapani | first9=Di | chapter=Space-time nonlinear compression and three-dimensional complex trapping in normal dispersion | arxiv=physics/0311081 |series=OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics |volume=57 |title=Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (QELS 2001), Technical Digest |edition=Postconference |publisher=Optical Society of America |location=Washington DC |year=2001}}
- The first article was published in Physical Review Letters in 2003 and reported on the theoretical prediction of the existence of nonlinear X-waves.{{cite journal | last1=Conti | first1=C. | last2=Trillo | first2=S. | last3=Di Trapani | first3=P. | last4=Valiulis | first4=G. | last5=Piskarskas | first5=A. | last6=Jedrkiewicz | first6=O. | last7=Trull | first7=J. | title=Nonlinear Electromagnetic X Waves | journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=90 | issue=17 | date=2 May 2003 | issn=0031-9007 | doi=10.1103/physrevlett.90.170406 | page=170406| pmid=12786060 | bibcode=2003PhRvL..90q0406C }}
- The first experimental results also appeared in Physical Review Letters in 2003.{{cite journal | last1=Di Trapani | first1=P. | last2=Valiulis | first2=G. | last3=Piskarskas | first3=A. | last4=Jedrkiewicz | first4=O. | last5=Trull | first5=J. | last6=Conti | first6=C. | last7=Trillo | first7=S. | title=Spontaneously Generated X-Shaped Light Bullets | journal=Physical Review Letters | volume=91 | issue=9 | date=28 August 2003 | issn=0031-9007 | doi=10.1103/physrevlett.91.093904 | page=093904| pmid=14525185 |arxiv=physics/0303083| bibcode=2003PhRvL..91i3904D | s2cid=11160156 }}
References
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External links
- [http://www.vino-stella.eu VINO] The Virtual Institute for Nonlinear Optics is a research collaboration devoted to the investigation of X-waves and conical waves in general.
- [http://nlo.phys.uniroma1.it/nonlinear_and_quantum_x.htm Nonlinear X-waves] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415011632/http://nlo.phys.uniroma1.it/nonlinear_and_quantum_x.htm |date=2008-04-15 }} page at the [http://nlo.phys.uniroma1.it/ nlo.phys.uniroma1.it] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414093751/http://nlo.phys.uniroma1.it/ |date=2008-04-14 }} website.
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