Norator

File:Noratore.svg

In electronics, a norator is a theoretical linear, time-invariant one-port which can have an arbitrary current and voltage between its terminals. A norator represents a controlled voltage or current source with infinite gain.

{{cite book

|author=Verhoeven C J M van Staveren A Monna G L E Kouwenhoven M H L & Yildiz E

|title=Structured electronic design: negative feedback amplifiers

|year= 2003

|publisher=Kluwer Academic

|location=Boston/Dordrecht/London

|isbn=1-4020-7590-1

|pages=§2.2.1.1 pp. 30–32

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p8wDptzCMrUC&pg=PA24}}

Inserting a norator in a circuit schematic provides whatever current and voltage the outside circuit demands, in particular, the demands of Kirchhoff's circuit laws. For example, the output of an ideal opamp behaves as a norator, producing nonzero output voltage and current that meet circuit requirements despite a zero input.

A norator is often paired with a nullator to form a nullor.

A nullator in parallel with a norator is equivalent to a short (zero voltage any current). A nullator in series with a norator is an open circuit (zero current, any voltage).