Northwest Regional style

{{Short description|Mid-20th century American architectural style}}

File:Seattle - 11205 Lakeside Ave NE 02.jpg neighborhood of Seattle.]]

Northwest Regional style architecture is an architectural style popular in the Pacific Northwest between 1935 and 1960.{{cite web |url= https://oregonhistoryproject.org/articles/glossary-of-architectural-terms/ |title= Glossary of Architectural Terms |publisher= Oregon Historical Society |accessdate= November 5, 2017}} It is a regional variant of the International Style. It is defined by the extensive use of unpainted wood in both interiors and exteriors. Other features of the style include integration of the building with its setting through asymmetrical floor plans, exterior open rooms, extensive use of glass extending to the floor, a low-pitched or flat roof of shingles with overhanging eaves, and a minimum of decoration. It is sometimes known as Northwest style or Northwest modernism.{{rp|xii}}

The International Style of the West Coast traveled north and influenced architects.{{Cite book |last=Barnes |first=Anthony |chapter=Learning with Lutyens: Noel Bamford and the Design of Ngahere, Auckland (1907) |date=2023-06-26 |title=Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand |volume=39 |publisher=SAHANZ |doi=10.55939/a5014ps6dt|doi-access=free |isbn=978-0-646-88028-0 }} The terrain of the Northwest impacted the Modern style with architects making the conscious decision to preserve site elements like: Mountains, views of water, and paths of light. The defining characteristic of the wooden exterior and interiors came from the terrain of the Northwest too, with the abundance of tree species like redwood, douglas fir, and western red cedar.{{Cite journal |last=Seewang |first=Laila |date=2021-05-04 |title=From Forest to Frame: Representation and Exception in the Regional Modernism of the Pacific Northwest |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13264826.2021.1986083 |journal=Architectural Theory Review |language=en |volume=25 |issue=1–2 |pages=7–27 |doi=10.1080/13264826.2021.1986083 |s2cid=239506775 |issn=1326-4826}} This allowed for a warmer modern architectural style, separating it from the stucco and concrete structures of California. The style was developed by architects including Paul Thiry in Seattle{{cite book|last1=Clausen |first1=Meredith L. |chapter=Paul Thiry | title=Shaping Seattle Architecture: A Historical Guide to the Architects |editor1-last=Ochsner |editor1-first=Jeffrey Karl |editor1-link=Jeffrey Karl Ochsner |publisher=University of Washington Press |location=Seattle, WA |year=1998 |pages=246–251|isbn=0295973668}} and John Yeon in Oregon, and was used most often in residential buildings.{{cite web |url= https://oregonhistoryproject.org/narratives/wooden-beams-and-railroad-ties-the-history-of-oregons-built-environment/international-northwest-and-cryptic-styles/international-style-northwest-regional-style/ |title= International Style, Northwest Style, Cryptic Style: 1940-Present: International Style, Northwest Regional Style |publisher= Oregon Historical Society |accessdate= November 5, 2017}} Other proponents of the style included Paul Hayden Kirk,{{cite book|last1=Rash |first1=David A. |chapter=Paul Hayden Kirk | title=Shaping Seattle Architecture: A Historical Guide to the Architects |editor1-last=Ochsner |editor1-first=Jeffrey Karl |editor1-link=Jeffrey Karl Ochsner |publisher=University of Washington Press |location=Seattle, WA |year=1998 |pages=252–257|isbn=0295973668}} Benjamin F. McAdoo, Pietro Belluschi, John Storrs, Van Evera Bailey, Herman Brookman, and Saul Zaik.{{cite journal |url= https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/10256 |journal= Oregon Quarterly |date= Spring 2010 |title= The Arc of the Architect |last= Schwartz |first= Todd}}