Novaeratitae
{{Short description|Clade of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Casuarius casuarius -upper body -captive-8a-2c.jpg
|image_caption = Portrait of a southern cassowary (Casuarius casuarius)
|taxon = Novaeratitae
|authority = Yuri et al., 2013
|subdivision_ranks = Orders
|subdivision =
}}
Novaeratitae is a proposed clade that was originally defined to contain the recent common ancestors of the orders Casuariiformes (emus and cassowaries) and Apterygiformes (kiwi).Hackett, S.J. et al. (2008) A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History. Science, 320, 1763.Yuri, T. (2013) Parsimony and model-based analyses of indels in avian nuclear genes reveal congruent and incongruent phylogenetic signals. Biology, 2:419–44. This clade was named by Yuri et al. (2013) and phylogenetically defined in the PhyloCode by Sangster et al. (2022) as "the least inclusive crown clade containing Apteryx australis and Casuarius casuarius".{{Cite journal |last1=Sangster |first1=George |last2=Braun |first2=Edward L. |last3=Johansson |first3=Ulf S. |last4=Kimball |first4=Rebecca T. |last5=Mayr |first5=Gerald |last6=Suh |first6=Alexander |date=2022-01-01 |title=Phylogenetic definitions for 25 higher-level clade names of birds |url=https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/84494/1/1_s2.0_S2053716622000238_main.pdf |journal=Avian Research |volume=13 |pages=100027 |doi=10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100027 |issn=2053-7166|doi-access=free |bibcode=2022AvRes..1300027S }} Recently it has been determined that the elephant birds of the extinct order Aepyornithiformes were the closest relatives of the kiwis, and therefore are part of this group.{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.1251981| pmid = 24855267| title = Ancient DNA reveals elephant birds and kiwi are sister taxa and clarifies ratite bird evolution| journal = Science| volume = 344| issue = 6186| pages = 898–900| date = 2014-05-23| last1 = Mitchell | first1 = K. J.| last2 = Llamas | first2 = B.| last3 = Soubrier | first3 = J.| last4 = Rawlence | first4 = N. J.| last5 = Worthy | first5 = T. H.| last6 = Wood | first6 = J.| last7 = Lee | first7 = M. S. Y.| last8 = Cooper | first8 = A.| bibcode = 2014Sci...344..898M| hdl = 2328/35953| s2cid = 206555952| hdl-access = free}} The implication is that ratites had lost flight independently in each group, as the elephant birds are the only novaeratites found outside Oceania. This clade has been contested by other studies, which find the relationships between the four main clades of non-ostrich palaeognaths (moa+tinamou, kiwi+elephant bird, rheas, and emus+cassowaries) to be an unresolved polytomy, with only slightly more genetic support for Novaeritiae over alternative proposals.{{Cite journal |last=Takezaki |first=Naoko |date=2023-06-01 |editor-last=Holland |editor-first=Barbara |title=Effect of Different Types of Sequence Data on Palaeognath Phylogeny |journal=Genome Biology and Evolution |language=en |volume=15 |issue=6 |doi=10.1093/gbe/evad092 |issn=1759-6653 |pmc=10262969 |pmid=37227001}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Palaeognathae|N.}}
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