Nucleic acid methods
{{Short description|Techniques used to study nucleic acids}}
{{for|protein methods|Protein methods}}
Nucleic acid methods are the techniques used to study nucleic acids: DNA and RNA.
Purification
- DNA extraction{{cite journal | url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/10815589251327503 | doi=10.1177/10815589251327503 | title=Challenging biological samples and strategies for DNA extraction | date=2025 | last1=Rana | first1=Ajay K. | journal=Journal of Investigative Medicine | pmid=40033560 }}
- Phenol–chloroform extraction
- Minicolumn purification
- RNA extraction
- Boom method
- Synchronous coefficient of drag alteration (SCODA) DNA purification
Quantification
- Abundance in weight: spectroscopic nucleic acid quantitation
- Absolute abundance in number: real-time polymerase chain reaction (quantitative PCR)
- High-throughput relative abundance: DNA microarray
- High-throughput absolute abundance: serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE)
- Size: gel electrophoresis
Synthesis
- De novo: oligonucleotide synthesis
- Amplification: polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), transcription-mediated amplification (TMA)
Kinetics
- Multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance{{cite journal|last1=Tang|first1=Wei|last2=Hu|first2=Shichao|last3=Wang|first3=Huaming|last4=Zhao|first4=Yan|last5=Li|first5=Na|last6=Liu|first6=Feng|title=A universal molecular translator for non-nucleic acid targets that enables dynamic DNA assemblies and logic operations|journal=Chem. Commun.|date=23 September 2014|volume=50|issue=92|pages=14352–14355|doi=10.1039/C4CC07041K|pmid=25295484}}{{cite journal|last1=Ihalainen|first1=Petri|last2=Pettersson|first2=Fredrik|last3=Pesonen|first3=Markus|last4=Viitala|first4=Tapani|last5=Määttänen|first5=Anni|last6=Österbacka|first6=Ronald|last7=Peltonen|first7=Jouko|title=An impedimetric study of DNA hybridization on paper-supported inkjet-printed gold electrodes|journal=Nanotechnology|date=7 March 2014|volume=25|issue=9|pages=094009|doi=10.1088/0957-4484/25/9/094009|pmid=24522116|bibcode=2014Nanot..25i4009I|s2cid=206070778 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/889908}}
- Dual-polarization interferometry{{Cite journal |last1= Berney |first1= H. |last2= Oliver |first2= K. |doi= 10.1016/j.bios.2004.12.024 |title= Dual polarization interferometry size and density characterisation of DNA immobilisation and hybridisation |journal= Biosensors and Bioelectronics |volume= 21 |issue= 4 |pages= 618–626 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16202875}}
- Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D){{cite journal|last=Dixon|first=Matthew C.|title=Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring: Enabling Real-Time Characterization of Biological Materials and Their Interactions|journal=Journal of Biomolecular Techniques|date=July 2008|volume=19|issue=3|pages=151–158|pmid=19137101|pmc=2563918}}
Gene function
- RNA interference{{Cite journal|last=Hannon|first=Gregory J.|date=July 2002|title=RNA interference|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/418244a|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=418|issue=6894|pages=244–251|doi=10.1038/418244a|pmid=12110901|bibcode=2002Natur.418..244H|s2cid=4426281|issn=1476-4687|url-access=subscription}}
Other
- Bisulfite sequencing
- DNA sequencing
- Expression cloning
- Fluorescence in situ hybridization
- Lab-on-a-chip
- Comparison of nucleic acid simulation software
- Northern blot
- Nuclear run-on assay
- Radioactivity in the life sciences
- Southern blot
- Differential centrifugation (sucrose gradient)
- Toeprinting assay
- Several bioinformatics methods, as seen in list of RNA structure prediction software
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090822064448/http://www.genome.ou.edu/protocol_book/protocol_index.html Protocols for Recombinant DNA Isolation, Cloning, and Sequencing]
{{Molecular biology}}