Oestocephalus

{{Short description|Extinct genus of tetrapodomorphs}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = Carboniferous

| image = Oestocephalus.jpg

| taxon = Oestocephalus

| authority = Cope, 1868

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision =

• O. amphiuminus Cope, 1868 (type)
• O. nanum Hancock & Atthey, 1868

}}

Oestocephalus is an extinct genus of aïstopod tetrapodomorphs that lived during the Carboniferous period. Fossils have been found in the Czech Republic, and in Ohio and Illinois in the United States. It is the type genus of the family Oestocephalidae, although it used to be assigned to the family Ophiderpetontidae, which is now considered paraphyletic.Anderson, J. S. (2003). Cranial anatomy of Coloraderpeton brilli, postcranial anatomy of Oestocephalus amphiuminus, and reconsideration of Ophiderpentontidae (Tetrapoda: Lepospondyli: Aistopoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23(3):532-543. It was named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1868 and now contains two species, O. amphiuminus and O. nanum.