Olearia hygrophila
{{Short description|Species of shrub}}
{{Speciesbox
|image =
|image_caption =
|status_system = EPBC
|status = EN
|genus = Olearia
|species = hygrophila
|authority = (DC.) Benth.{{cite web|title=Olearia hygrophila|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/104803|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=28 April 2019}}
|synonyms =
- Aster hygrophilus DC. nom. inval., pro syn.
- Eurybia hygrophila DC.
- Shawia hygrophila (DC.) Sch.Bip.
}}
Olearia hygrophila, commonly known as swamp daisy or water daisy,{{cite web |title=Approved Conservation Advice for Olearia hygrophila (Swamp Daisy) |url=https://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/5631-conservation-advice.pdf |publisher=Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment |access-date=28 April 2022}} is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is endemic to a restricted part of North Stradbroke Island in south-eastern Queensland. It is a shrub with slender stems, linear leaves, and white and yellow, daisy-like inflorescences.
Description
Olearia hygrophila is a shrub that typically grows to a height of up to {{cvt|2|m}} and has slender stems. The leaves, arranged alternately along the branchlets, are linear to elliptic, {{cvt|15–70|mm}} long and {{cvt|1.5–6|mm}} wide, and sometimes have a few teeth on the edges. The daisy-like heads or "flowers" are arranged in panicles on the ends of branches and are {{cvt|20–30|mm}} in diameter. Each head has white ray florets, the ligule {{cvt|8–10|mm}} long, surrounding yellow disc florets. Flowering mainly occurs from July to September, and the fruit is a glabrous achene {{cvt|6–10|mm}} long, with the pappus about {{cvt|5|mm}} long.{{cite book |last1=Stanley |first1=Trevor D. |last2=Ross |first2=Estelle M. |title=Flora of south-eastern Queensland |volume=2 |date=1986 |publisher=Queensland Government Department of Primary Industries |location=Brisbane |page=520 |isbn=9780724217601 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/178300#page/536/mode/1up |access-date=28 April 2022}}
Taxonomy
This species was first formally described in 1836 by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle who gave it the name Eurybia hygrophila in his Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, from specimens collected by Allan Cunningham on North Stradbroke Island.{{cite web |title=Eurybia hygrophila |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/rest/name/apni/530326/api/apni-format |website=APNI |accessdate=28 April 2022}}{{cite book |last1=de Candolle |first1=Augustin P. |last2=de Candolle |first2=Alphonse |title=Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis |volume=5 |date=1836 |location=Paris |page=269 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7154#page/274/mode/1up |access-date=28 April 2022}} In 1867, George Bentham changed the name to Olearia hygrophila in Flora Australiensis.{{cite web |title=Olearia hygrophila |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/rest/name/apni/533976/api/apni-format |website=APNI |accessdate=28 April 2022}} The specific epithet (hygrophila) means "moisture-loving".{{cite book |author=William T. Stearn |title=Botanical Latin. History, grammar, syntax, terminology and vocabulary |date=1992 |publisher=Timber Press |location=Portland, Oregon |edition=4th|page=428}}
Distribution and habitat
Conservation status
This daisy bush is classified as "endangered" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992. The main threats to the species include weed invasion, inappropriate fire regimes, land clearing, and changes in hydrology.{{cite web |title=Species profile—Olearia hygrophila (swamp daisy) |url=https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=10029 |publisher=Queensland Government Department of Environment and Science |access-date=28 April 2022}}