Oliver Braddick

Braddick was Emeritus Professor of Experimental Psychology at Oxford University from 2011 to 2022. Prior to that, from 2001 to 2011 he was professor and head of the Department of Experimental Psychology.{{cite web|title=Academic & Independent Researcher Contact List|url=http://www.psy.ox.ac.uk/research/academic_research_staff|publisher=University of Oxford: Department of Experimental Psychology|accessdate=28 June 2013 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20130720124632/http://www.psy.ox.ac.uk/research/academic_research_staff |archive-date=20 July 2013}}{{cite web|title=New British Academy fellows announced|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_stories/2012/120723.html|publisher=University of Oxford Press Office|accessdate=28 June 2013 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20130910125948/https://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_stories/2012/120723.html |archive-date=10 September 2013 |date=23 July 2012}}

Braddick gained a BA (1965) and PhD (1968) in Experimental Psychology at Trinity College, Cambridge. Between 1968 and 1969 he was a post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Lorrin Riggs, Brown University, USA. In 1969 he returned to Cambridge as a University Demonstrator; later he became a lecturer and then reader. By 1976, Braddick was an active member of the Cambridge Visual Development Unit, along with Janette Atkinson, his wife. The unit carried out pioneering research on the development of visual cortical function in infancy and in early visual screening. He also advanced understanding of binocular processes of both infants and adults.{{cite journal |last1=Atkinson |first1=Janette |last2=Braddick |first2=Oliver |date=1976 |title=Stereoscopic discrimination in infants |journal=Perception |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=29–38 |doi=10.1068/p050029|pmid=958846 |s2cid=145733849 }}

In 1993, Braddick and Janette Atkinson moved to University College London as professors of Psychology. He became head of the Psychology department in 1998. In 2001, he was elected fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences, was appointed Head of Psychology at the University of Oxford, and became a Fellow at Magdalen College, Oxford. In July 2012, Braddick was elected as a Fellow of the British Academy for his contributions in the field of visual perception and its development in early childhood. Braddick was also a member of the Visual Development Unit at the University College of London and University of Oxford, a unit that specialises in child visual perception.{{cite web |url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ioo/research/child-vision-lab/visual-development-unit |access-date=10 February 2024 |title=Visual Development Unit |website=UCL Institute of Ophthalmology |date=29 June 2017 |publisher=University College of London}}mn xzz

Braddick was a member of the editorial board for Current Biology.{{Cite web|url=http://www.cell.com/current-biology/editorial-board|title=Advisory board: Current Biology}} He died on 17 January 2022, at the age of 77.

Braddick specialised in infant vision,{{cite book |first1=Francois |last1=Vital-Durand |first2=Janette |last2=Atkinson |first3=Oliver |last3=Braddick | title=Infant Vision. | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=1996 |oclc=32822731 |isbn=9780198523161}} particularly visual and visuomotor development of the dorsal and ventral streams{{cite book |first1=Janette |last1=Atkinson |first2=Oliver |last2=Braddick|chapter=From genes to brain development to phenotypic behavior | title= Gene Expression to Neurobiology and Behavior: Human Brain Development and Developmental Disorders |series=Progress in Brain Research |volume=189 |date=2011 |pages=261–283 | publisher= Elsevier |doi=10.1016/B978-0-444-53884-0.00029-4|pmid=21489394 |isbn=978-0-444-53884-0 }} in infants and children. In infancy, visual traits determine a manual response and the kinematic parameters of each type of response, including reach-and-grasp and surface exploration. These responses reflect the properties of visuo-motor modules which appear in infants from 4 to 12 months old. Because these modules are part of the dorsal cortical stream, they interact with the ventral stream processing in development and in the mature system.{{cite book |last1=Braddick|first1=Oliver|first2=Janette |last2=Atkinson|chapter=Development of brain mechanisms for visual global processing and object segmentation |title=From Action to Cognition|series=Progress in Brain Research|year=2007|volume=162|pages=151–168|doi=10.1016/s0079-6123(07)64008-4|pmid=17920430|isbn=9780444530165}} Braddick also researched perceptual development of infants with hyperopia.{{harvnb|Atkinson|Braddick |Nardini|Anker |2007}}{{cite web |url=http://www.psychol.ucl.ac.uk/vdu/publications.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20051210141341/http://www.psychol.ucl.ac.uk/vdu/publications.html |archive-date=10 December 2005 |title=Visual Development Unit: recent and forthcoming publications}}

In addition to working on infant vision, Braddick and colleagues showed that adults attempting to grab a glowing item in the dark had a longer reach duration, lower average speed, as well as lower peak speed versus the same situation in the light.{{cite journal |last1=Babinsky |first1=E |last2=Braddick |first2=O |last3=Atkinson |first3=J |date=March 2012 |title=Infants and adults reaching in the dark |journal=Experimental Brain Research |volume=217 |issue=2 |pages=237–249 |doi=10.1007/s00221-011-2984-5|pmid=22198531 |s2cid=253744572 }}{{importance inline|date=February 2022}}

According to Braddick, reliable motion perception requires several processes that integrate and combine visual motion signals from neighbouring locations within the field of vision. This has the effect of smoothing out spatial variations in velocity.{{cite journal |last=Braddick |first=Oliver |title=Segmentation versus integration in visual motion processing |journal=Trends in Neurosciences |volume=16 |issue=7 |date=July 1993 |pages=263–268 |doi=10.1016/0166-2236(93)90179-P|pmid=7689769 |s2cid=4001817 }}

Source:{{cite web |url=http://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/directory/oliver-braddick |title=Oliver Braddick — Neuroscience |website=www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090709095551/http://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/directory/oliver-braddick |archive-date=2009-07-09}}

• {{cite journal |last1=Atkinson |first1=Janette |last2=Braddick |first2=Oliver|last3=Nardini |first3=Marko |last4=Anker |first4=Shirley | url=http://www.optvissci.com/pt/re/ovs/abstract.00006324-200702000-00006.htm;jsessionid=L6LCLH3zm4cTvh4GJKxZSxcBG80L24cLw14ym1lzQGg46wRcQQsC!-1539859368!181195628!8091!-1 | journal=Optometry and Vision Science | volume=84 | issue=2 | date= 2007 | pages=84–96 | title=Infant Hyperopia: Detection, Distribution, Changes and Correlates-Outcomes From the Cambridge Infant Screening Programs | doi=10.1097/OPX.0b013e318031b69a | pmid=17299337|s2cid=39967549 | doi-access=free }}

• {{cite journal |last1=Braddick |first1=Oliver |last2=Birtles |first2=Deirdre |last3=Wattam-Bell |first3=John |last4=Atkinson |first4=Janette |date=2005 |title=Motion- and orientation-specific cortical responses in infancy |journal=Vision Research |volume=45 |issue=25–26 |pages=3169–79 |doi=10.1016/j.visres.2005.07.021|pmid=16137739 |doi-access=free }}

• {{cite journal |last1=Braddick |first1=Oliver |last2=Atkinson |first2=Janette |last3=Wattam-Bell |first3=John |date=2003 |title=Normal and anomalous development of visual motion processing: motion coherence and 'dorsal-stream vulnerability' |journal=Neuropsychologia |volume=41 |issue=13 |pages=1769–1784 |doi=10.1016/S0028-3932(03)00178-7|pmid=14527540 |s2cid=35205340 }}

• {{cite journal |last1=Mason |first1=A JS |last2=Braddick |first2=O J |last3=Wattam-Bell |first3=J |date=2003 |title=Motion coherence thresholds in infants—different tasks identify at least two distinct motion systems |journal=Vision Research |volume=43 |issue=10 |pages=1149–1157 |doi=10.1016/S0042-6989(03)00077-4|pmid=12705955 |s2cid=8875803 }}

• {{cite journal |last1=Braddick |first1=Oliver J |last2=Wishart |first2=Keith A |last3=Curran |first3=William |date=2002 |title=Directional performance in motion transparency |journal=Vision Research |volume=42 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1248 |doi=10.1016/S0042-6989(02)00018-4 |doi-access=free|pmid=12044756 }}

• {{cite journal |last1=Gunn |first1=Alison |last2=Cory |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Atkinson |first3=Janette |last4=Braddick |first4=Oliver |last5=Wattam-Bell |first5=John |last6=Guzzetta |first6=Andrea |last7=Cioni |first7=Giovanni |date=2002 |title=Dorsal and ventral stream sensitivity in normal development and hemiplegia |journal=NeuroReport |volume=13 |issue=6 |pages=843–847 |doi=10.1097/00001756-200205070-00021 |pmid=11997698 |s2cid=22063065 |url=https://journals.lww.com/neuroreport/abstract/2002/05070/dorsal_and_ventral_stream_sensitivity_in_normal.21.aspx|url-access=subscription }}

• {{cite journal |last1=Atkinson |first1=J |last2=Anker |first2=S |last3=Braddick |first3=O |last4=Nokes |first4=L |last5=Mason |first5=A |last6=Braddick |first6=F |date=2001 |title=Visual and visuospatial development in young children with Williams syndrome |journal=Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=330–337 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00213.x |pmid=11368486 }}

• {{cite journal |last1=Braddick |first1=O J |last2=O'Brien |first2=J M |last3=Wattam-Bell |first3=J |last4=Atkinson |first4=J |last5=Turner |first5=R |date=2000 |title=Form and motion coherence activate independent, but not dorsal/ventral segregated, networks in the human brain |journal=Current Biology |volume=10 |issue=12 |pages=731–734 |doi=10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00540-6 |pmid=10873810 |bibcode=2000CBio...10..731B |url=https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(00)00540-6.pdf}}

• {{cite journal |last1=Curran |first1=W |last2=Braddick |first2=O J |last3=Atkinson |first3=J |last4=Wattam-Bell |first4=J |last5=Andrew |first5=R |date=1999 |title=Development of illusory-contour perception in infants |journal=Perception |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=527–538 |doi=10.1068/p2845|pmid=10664792 |s2cid=29944681 }}

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Category:1944 births

Category:2022 deaths

Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge

Category:Alumni of University College London

Category:British psychologists

Category:Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford

Category:Fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom)

Category:Fellows of the British Academy

Category:Vision scientists