Olrog's four-eyed opossum

{{Short description|Species of marsupial}}

{{Speciesbox

| image =

| status = DD

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Flores, D. |date=2016 |title=Philander olrogi |volume=2016 |page=e.T199832A22177217 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T199832A22177217.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}

| genus = Philander

| species = olrogi

| authority = Flores, Barquez & Díaz, 2008

| range_map = Philander olrogi map.svg

}}

Olrog's four-eyed opossum (Philander olrogi) is a South American species of opossum endemic to eastern Bolivia, first described in 2008 based on specimens collected in 1974.{{cite journal

| last = Flores | first = D. A.

| author2 = Barquez, M. R.

| author3 = Díaz, M. M.

| title = A new species of Philander Brisson, 1762 (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae)

| journal = Mammalian Biology | volume = 73 | issue = 1 | pages = 14–24

| publisher = Elsevier GmbH | date = 15 January 2008

| doi = 10.1016/j.mambio.2007.04.002| bibcode = 2008MamBi..73...14F

}} It inhabits the lowland Amazon rainforest, with an elevation range of 150 to 250 m. The species is named after Swedish-Argentine biologist Claes C. Olrog.{{Cite journal

| last = Handford | first = P.

| title = In Memoriam: Claes Christian Olrog, 1912-1985

| journal = The Auk | volume = 104 | issue = 2 | pages = 319–320

| date = April 1987

| jstor = 4087042

| doi = 10.1093/auk/104.2.319}}{{Cite book

| last = Beolens | first = Bo |author2=Watkins, Michael |author3=Grayson, Michael

| title = The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals

| publisher = The Johns Hopkins University Press

| date = 2009-09-28 | location = Baltimore | page =298

| url = http://google.com/books?id=I-kSmWLc6vYC&pg=PA298

| isbn = 978-0-8018-9304-9| oclc = 270129903}} It is sympatric with P. opossum, which it resembles. The two species differ in several ways, such as ventral fur color and condition of the zygomatic arch.{{Cite book

| last = Gardner | first = Alfred L.

| title = Mammals of South America: Marsupials, xenarthrans, shrews, and bats

| publisher = University of Chicago Press | year = 2008 | pages = 669

| url = http://google.com/books?id=dbU3d7EUCm8C&pg=PA669

| isbn = 978-0-226-28240-4}} It is considered to be a junior synonym of the common four-eyed opossum by some sources, such as the Mammal Diversity Database.{{cite mdd|id=1000027|title=Philander canus (Osgood, 1913)|access-date=2024-10-14}}{{cite journal |last1=Voss |first1=Robert S. |last2=Díaz-Nieto |first2=Juan F. |last3=Jansa |first3=Sharon A. |title=A Revision of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), Part 1: P. quica, P. canus, and a New Species from Amazonia |journal=American Museum Novitates |date=January 31, 2018 |issue=3891 |pages=1–70 |doi=10.1206/3891.1 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/itempdf/262849 |access-date=14 October 2024}}