One Riot, One Ranger

The {{Convert|12|ft|adj=on}} statue was created by Texas artist Waldine Amanda Tauch and donated to the city of Dallas in 1961 by the wealthy restaurateur Earle Wyatt and his wife.{{cite journal |last1=Pearson |first1=Bradford |title='One Riot, One Ranger' Statue Returns to Love Field Next Week |journal=D Magazine |date=8 March 2013 |url=https://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2013/03/one-riot-one-ranger-statue-returns-to-love-field-next-week/ |access-date=26 June 2020 |language=en |archive-date=June 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626172127/https://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2013/03/one-riot-one-ranger-statue-returns-to-love-field-next-week/ |url-status=live }}{{cite book |last1=Cox |first1=Mike |title=Time of the Rangers |date=2010 |publisher=Forge Books |isbn=978-0765325259 |page=254}} It was subsequently installed at Dallas Love Field and dedicated on April 30, 1961. Although its title refers to an anecdote involving then-deceased Ranger Bill McDonald, the statue was modeled after Jay Banks, who was a captain of the Texas Rangers in the 1950s.{{cite news |last1=Johnson |first1=Martin |title=Texas Ranger statue removed from Dallas airport |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/501468-texas-ranger-statue-removed-from-texas-airport |access-date=June 7, 2020 |work=The Hill |date=June 6, 2020 |language=en |archive-date=June 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607065022/https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/501468-texas-ranger-statue-removed-from-texas-airport |url-status=live }}

In October 2010, the statue was moved to the nearby Frontiers of Flight Museum to accommodate an airport modernization project. The statue was reinstalled in the renovated terminal lobby on March 12, 2013.{{cite news |last=Wilonsky |first=Robert |date=8 March 2013 |title=On Tuesday, iconic "One Riot, One Ranger" statue will finally return to his post at Dallas Love Field |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2013/03/08/on-tuesday-iconic-one-riot-one-ranger-statue-will-finally-return-to-his-post-at-dallas-love-field/ |url-access=limited |work=The Dallas Morning News |location=Dallas, Texas |access-date=24 September 2020 |archive-date=July 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723024132/https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2013/03/08/on-tuesday-iconic-one-riot-one-ranger-statue-will-finally-return-to-his-post-at-dallas-love-field/ |url-status=live }}

On June 4, 2020, the statue was removed following the publication of the book Cult of Glory: The Bold and Brutal History of the Texas Rangers by Doug Swanson.{{cite news |last=Granbury |first=Michael |date=3 June 2020 |title=Texas Ranger statue at Love Field removed over concerns about the depicted lawman's racist history |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/arts-entertainment/visual-arts/2020/06/03/the-statue-of-the-texas-ranger-at-love-field-may-be-coming-down/ |url-access=limited |work=The Dallas Morning News |location=Dallas, Texas |access-date=24 September 2020 |archive-date=July 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717144106/https://www.dallasnews.com/arts-entertainment/visual-arts/2020/06/03/the-statue-of-the-texas-ranger-at-love-field-may-be-coming-down/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web|last=Amanda Woods|date=2020-06-05|title=Texas Ranger statue removed from Dallas airport over racism concerns|url=https://nypost.com/2020/06/05/texas-ranger-statue-removed-from-dallas-love-field-airport/|access-date=2020-06-07|website=New York Post|language=en|archive-date=June 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607141314/https://nypost.com/2020/06/05/texas-ranger-statue-removed-from-dallas-love-field-airport/|url-status=live}}{{cite web |last1=Davies |first1=David Martin |title=Texas Matters: The Dark History Of The Texas Rangers |url=https://www.tpr.org/post/texas-matters-dark-history-texas-rangers |website=Texas Public Radio |access-date=26 June 2020 |language=en |date=12 June 2020 |archive-date=June 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628170752/https://www.tpr.org/post/texas-matters-dark-history-texas-rangers |url-status=live }} The book details Jay Banks' participation in efforts to keep schools in Texas racially segregated in defiance of the United States Supreme Court's order of public school integration mandated in the 1954 decision Brown v. Board of Education.{{Cite news|date=September 11, 1956|title=Texas Mob Keeps Two Negroes Out|agency=Associated Press|work=The Missoulian|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19957381/texas-mob-keeps-two-negroes-out-by-bob/|access-date=July 5, 2020|archive-date=July 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705124432/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19957381/texas-mob-keeps-two-negroes-out-by-bob/|url-status=live}}

Banks was in charge of a Texas Ranger division that was deployed in 1956 to prevent African American students from enrolling in Mansfield High School and Texarkana Junior College, a public community college.{{Cite news|title=Texas Ranger Statue Removed At Dallas Love Field|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/dfw/news/texas-ranger-statue-removed-dallas-love-field/|date=4 June 2020|access-date=8 June 2020|publisher=CBSN|archive-date=June 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607065025/https://dfw.cbslocal.com/2020/06/04/texas-ranger-statue-removed-dallas-love-field/|url-status=live}} This was ordered by then governor Allan Shivers, who was against integration, having appointed in 1955 the Texas Advisory Committee on Segregation in Public Schools whose charge was to "[e]xamine three major problems and present recommendations leading to their solution. The problems are: (1) The prevention of forced integration. (2) The achievement of maximum decentralization of school authority. (3) The ways in which the State government may best assist the local school districts in solving their problems."{{Cite web|title=Legislative Reference Library {{!}} Committees {{!}} Committee overview|url=https://lrl.texas.gov/committees/cmtesDisplay.cfm?cmteID=9434&session=&report=true&minutes=&page=committee&from=&passsearchparams=|access-date=2020-07-05|website=lrl.texas.gov|archive-date=July 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706134831/https://lrl.texas.gov/committees/cmtesDisplay.cfm?cmteID=9434&session=&report=true&minutes=&page=committee&from=&passsearchparams=|url-status=live}} The author of Cult of Glory: The Bold and Brutal History of the Texas Rangers was quoted as saying "Let's make that clear. [Banks] was following the governor's orders" in a live broadcast interview on National Public Radio.{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/08/871929844/cult-of-glory-reveals-the-dark-history-of-the-texas-rangers |last=Davies |first=Dave |date=June 8, 2020 |title='Cult Of Glory' Reveals The Dark History Of The Texas Rangers |work=NPR |access-date=July 3, 2020 |archive-date=July 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703035924/https://www.npr.org/2020/06/08/871929844/cult-of-glory-reveals-the-dark-history-of-the-texas-rangers |url-status=live }}

At both schools, a mob of white men gathered to block black students from entering. Banks sympathized with the mobs, later writing, "They were just salt-of-the-earth citizens who had been stirred up by agitators. They were concerned because they were convinced that someone was trying to interfere with their way of life."{{cite book |last1=Swanson |first1=Doug J. |title=Cult of Glory: The Bold and Brutal History of the Texas Rangers |date=2020 |publisher=Viking |isbn=978-1101979860 |page=329}}

At Texarkana Junior College a crowd of "about 300 persons" blocked the path of two black students who attempted to enter the school, yelling "go home niggers." Some surrounded the male student and kicked him, while others threw gravel. The Texas Rangers did nothing to intervene except threaten to arrest the black students in accordance with the governor's orders.{{cite web |url=https://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-magazine/2020/june/texas-rangers-love-field-statue-jay-banks-frank-hamer/ |last=Swanson |first=Doug J. |date=June 2020 |title=The Horrible Truth of Love Field's Texas Ranger Statue |work=D Magazine |access-date=July 3, 2020 |archive-date=July 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701070423/https://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-magazine/2020/june/texas-rangers-love-field-statue-jay-banks-frank-hamer/ |url-status=live }}{{cite book |last1=Swanson |first1=Doug J. |title=Cult of Glory: The Bold and Brutal History of the Texas Rangers |date=2020 |publisher=Viking |isbn=978-1101979860 |pages=332–333}}

Banks was present at the Texarkana College incident and stated "Our orders are to maintain order and keep down violence. We are to take no part in the integration dispute and we are not going to escort anyone in or out of the college." The local Citizens' Council rewarded Banks with a chicken dinner.

The statue has been stored indefinitely by the city of Dallas. When it was removed, the director of the city's Office of Arts and Culture and a spokesperson for mayor Eric Johnson stated that its fate was under consideration.

{{Portal|Texas|Visual arts}}

• Confederate War Memorial (Dallas) – another monument removed the same month
• List of monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests

{{Reflist}}

{{Monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests}}

Category:1962 establishments in Texas

Category:1962 sculptures

Category:2020 disestablishments in Texas

Category:Bronze sculptures in Texas

Category:Monuments and memorials in Texas

Category:Monuments and memorials in the United States removed during the George Floyd protests

Category:Statues removed in 2020

Category:Sculptures of men in Texas

Category:Statues in Texas

Category:Texas Ranger Division