Onzole Formation
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Onzole Formation
| image =
| caption =
| type = Geological formation
| age = Early Pliocene
(Montehermosan-Chapadmalalan)
~{{fossil range|5.3|3.6}}
| period = Zanclean
| prilithology = Shale
| otherlithology = Mudstone
| namedfor = Onzole River
| namedby =
| region = Esmeraldas Province
| country = Ecuador
| coordinates = {{coord|1.0|N|79.6|W|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|0.8|N|78.8|W|display=inline}}
| unitof = Daule Group
| subunits = Súa & Esmeraldas Members
| underlies =
| overlies = Angostura Formation
| thickness =
| extent = Borbón Basin
| area =
| map = {{Location map+ | Ecuador
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = 1.0
| lon_deg = -79.6
| mark = Yellow ffff00 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
}}
| map_caption =
}}
The Onzole Formation is an Early Pliocene (Montehermosan to Chapadmalalan in the SALMA classification) geologic formation in the Borbón Basin of northwestern Ecuador. The formation consists of a shallow marine sandstone member containing many fish fossils, among which megalodon, and a deep water member comprising tuffaceous shales and mudstones containing gastropods, bivalves and scaphopods.[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Onzole&group_formation_member=Onzole Onzole Formation] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Onozole&group_formation_member=Onozole Onozole (sic) Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Subdivision
The formation consists of the Esmeraldas Member, which is a unit comprising highly foraminiferal tuffaceous calcareous shale. They were deposited by shallow water gravity flows, which brought the Esmeraldas fauna into the deep water ({{convert|1000|m|ft}}) from shallow water, on the order of {{convert|75|m|ft}}.[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=41763 Esmeraldas Beds] at Fossilworks.org
The Esmeraldas Member is covered by the Súa Member comprising burrowed, bioturbated, silty sandstones deposited in a coastal environment.
Fossil content
The formation has provided bivalve, gastropod, and scaphopod fossils and the following vertebrates:[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=135043 Súa Member, Onzole Formation] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=151704 Punta La Gorda] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=151705 Punta la Colorada] at Fossilworks.org
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Carcharhinus egertoni, C. priscus
- Carcharocles megalodon
- Diaphus ecuadorensisSchwarzhans & Aguilera, 2013
- Galeocerdo aduncus
- Hemipristis serra
- Isistius triangulus
- Negaprion eurybathrodon
- Odontaspis acutissima
- Rhizoprionodon taxandriae
- Brotula cf. ordwayi
- Chilara taylori
- Eucinostomus cf. currani
- Larimus cf. pacificus
- Lepophidium borbonensis, L. limulumSchwarzhans & Aguilera, 2016
- Lepophidium microlepis
- Merluccius cf. angustimanus
- Orthopristis cf. cantharinus
- Otophidium indefatigabile
- Paraconger californiensis
- Porichthys analis, Porichthys margaritatus, Porichthys cf. notatus
- Stellifer onzoleAguilera et al., 2016
- Anchoa sp.
- Apogon sp.
- Citharichthys sp.
- Diaphus sp.
- Haemulon sp.
- Lampadena sp.
- Apogonidae indet.
- Cynoglossidae indet.
- Gobiidae indet.
- Gerreidae indet.
- Opistognathidae indet.
- Pleuronectidae indet.
- ?Serranidae indet.
{{div col end}}
See also
References
{{reflist|30em}}
= Bibliography =
- {{citation |last1=Aguilera |first1=Órangel A. |last2=Schwarzhans |first2=Werner |last3=Béarez |first3=Philippe |year=2016 |title=Otoliths of the Sciaenidae from the Neogene of tropical America |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301301677 |journal=Palaeo Ichthyologica |volume=14 |pages=7–90 |accessdate=2019-02-09}}
- {{citation |last1=Schwarzhans |first1=Werner |last2=Aguilera |first2=Órangel |year=2016 |title=Otoliths of the Ophidiiformes from the Neogene of tropical America |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301301826 |journal=Palaeo Ichthyologica |volume=14 |pages=91–124 |accessdate=2019-02-09}}
- {{citation |last1=Schwarzhans |first1=Werner |last2=Aguilera |first2=Órangel |year=2013 |title=Otoliths of the Myctophidae from the Neogene of tropical America |url=http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/07pala/e4_66.php |journal=Palaeo Ichthyologica |volume=13 |pages=83–150 |accessdate=2019-02-09}}
Further reading
- G. Carnevale, W. Landini, L. Radgaini, C. Celma, G. and Cantalamessa. 2011. Taphonomic and paleoecological analyses (mollusks and fishes) of the Súa Member condensed shelled, upper Onzole Formation (Early Pliocene, Ecuador). Palaios 26(3):160-172
- A. E. Longbottom. 1979. Miocene Sharks' teeth from Ecuador. Bulletin of The British Museum (Natural History) Geology 32:57-70
- W. D. Pitt and L.J. Pitt. 1997. Nassarius (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) from the Neogene of northwestern Ecuador. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 29:135-150
- E. H. Vokes and H. E. Vokes. 2000. Catalogue of Tulane University fossil localities
- E. H. Vokes. 1988. Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Esmeraldas Beds, northwestern Ecuador. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 21(1):1-50
Category:Geologic formations of Ecuador
Category:Pliocene Series of South America
Category:Shallow marine deposits