Orthochromis

{{Short description|Genus of fishes}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| taxon = Orthochromis

| display_parents = 3

| authority = Greenwood, 1954

| type_species = Haplochromis malagaraziensis

| type_species_authority = David, 1937

}}

File:Orthochromis polyacanthus.jpg

Orthochromis is a genus of relatively small haplochromine cichlids native to rivers and lakes in Eastern and Middle Africa. Most of its species are rheophilic.De Vos, L.; and L. Seegers (1998). Seven new Orthochromis species (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Malagarasi, Luiche and Rugufu basins (Lake Tanganyika drainage), with notes on their reproductive biology. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 9: 371—420.

As presently defined Orthochromis is polyphyletic.Schwarzer; Swartz; Vreven; Snoeks; Cotterill; Misof; and Schliewen (2012). Repeated trans-watershed hybridization among haplochromine cichlids (Cichlidae) was triggered by Neogene landscape evolution. Proc. R. Soc. B. 279: 4389—4398. {{doi|10.1098/rspb.2012.1667}} Some Orthochromis species were formerly included in Schwetzochromis.