Ostracised (play)

{{Infobox play

| name = Ostracised, or Every Man's Hand Against Them

| orig_title =

| image =File:Ostracised_play.png

| alt =

| caption = The Age 10 August 1881

| writer = E.C. Martin

| based_on =

| director = W.G. Carey

| music = Pat Finn

| lyrics =

| choreography =

| chorus =

| characters =

| mute =

| setting =

| premiere = 6 August 1881{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201982248 |title=Advertising |newspaper=The Age |issue=8256 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=1 August 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}

| place = Princess Theatre, Melbourne

| orig_lang = English

| series =

| subject = Ned Kelly

| genre = melodrama

| web =

}}

Ostracised, or Every Man's Hand Against Them is a 1881 Australian play about Ned Kelly by E.C. Martin.{{cite book|page=47|title=Australian drama, 1970-1985 : a historical and critical survey|year=1987|last=Rees|first= Leslie}}{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12269968 |title="The Kellys" on the Stage |newspaper=The Mercury |volume=LXXX |issue=10,503 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=11 November 1903 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}} It was the first straight dramatisation of the Kelly story from an Australian writer although there had been one in London.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166750691 |title=No title |newspaper=Sydney Sportsman |volume=VIII |issue=412 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=17 June 1908 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}} The play was banned in Sydney.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article238464627 |title=Amusements. |newspaper=The Sydney Daily Telegraph |issue=862 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=12 April 1882 |accessdate=6 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}

Martin was a journalist and occasional playwright (What May Happen to a Man in Victoria).{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198493553 |title=Amusements. |newspaper=Leader |volume=XLV |issue=1336 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=6 August 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=18 |via=National Library of Australia}} He claimed to have "not written it to pander to the morbid tastes of the public, but rather-to show that vice ever meets its reward."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article268062461 |title=Melbourne Gossip. |newspaper=Gippsland Mercury |volume= |issue=1558 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=4 August 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}

According to academic Richard Fotheringham "Martin seems to have developed the idea that Dan Kelly was the true psycho path of the piece and that Ned Kelly... had been dragged unwillingly into the disaster."{{cite book|page=556|url=https://archive.org/details/australianplaysf0000unse/page/553/mode/1up|first=Richard|last=Fotheringham|title= Australian plays for the colonial stage : 1834-1899|year=2006}} The play appears to have been interspersed with songs.

In the lead up to the play debuting there were rumours the play would be banned "on the grounds of its alleged demoralising tendency, and the reflections cast by it upon the character of the police force ; but as the play

proceeded, it became evident that theie rumours were unfounded."

Public reaction

Contemporary accounts say the play "hit the morbid public taste in Melbourne."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article202593144 |title=Brevia. |newspaper=The Ballarat Star |volume=XXVI |issue=218 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=14 September 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}} According to the Truth the play "made a pot of money".{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207416654 |title=A Fremantle Execution. |newspaper=Truth |volume= |issue=493 |location=Western Australia |date=7 December 1912 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=6 (City Edition) |via=National Library of Australia}}

Sydney Sportsman said the play "made a pot of money, though the dramatist... saw little of it."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166739050 |title=Theatrical Tit-Bits. |newspaper=Sydney Sportsman |volume=VIII |issue=399 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=18 March 1908 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}} Another account said "the author did not collect in full, for every barnstorming co. in Australia froze on to the play with more or less distorted versions of it."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article266417306 |title=No title |newspaper=The W.a. Family Sphere |issue=41 |location=Western Australia |date=9 April 1920 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}

The Perth Daily News said "The piece was one of the greatest successes ever known, and for six solid weeks the performance ran to huge business. The papers gave the piece 'what for,' but the public appetite was fairly whetted."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84723427 |title=A Theatrical Reminiscence. |newspaper=The Daily News |volume=XIV |issue=6,446 |location=Western Australia |date=4 April 1896 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}

A writer claimed prior to a performance of the play in Benalla, local police advised the removal of the prologue involving Harry Power, and this was done. Mrs Kelly reportedly attended this performance.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201752675 |title=Reminiscenses of a Newspaper Man |newspaper=Truth |issue=520 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 January 1910 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}} Reporting on this performance the Benalla Standard said "the audience... throughout were orderly; and although several well-known Kelly sympathisers were present, the attendance of the three policemen on duty was not required."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200457991 |title=New South Wales |newspaper=Ovens and Murray Advertiser |issue=4940 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=3 November 1881 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}

Another story says the real Constable Longeran attended one performance and objected during the show to how he was portrayed.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12269968 |title='The Kellys' on the Stage |newspaper=The Mercury |volume=LXXX |issue=10,503 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=11 November 1903 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}

=Sydney banning=

The play had two seasons in Melbourne and toured New Zealand but was banned from playing in Sydney in 1882 (after one performance there) due to the intervention of the Inspector General of Police. According to contemporary reports, the play, then called Ostracised, or the Downfall of Crime, debuted in Sydney at Victoria Hall on 8 April 1882.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article238466532 |title=The Theatres. |newspaper=The Sydney Daily Telegraph |issue=860 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=10 April 1882 |accessdate=6 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article238468929 |title=Amusements. |newspaper=The Sydney Daily Telegraph |issue=859 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=8 April 1882 |accessdate=6 May 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}} On Monday 10 April 1882 audiences arrived to see a second production and were told that the play at been banned. Instead a production of Ticket of Leave Man was put on.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article238464466 |title=The Theatres. |newspaper=The Sydney Daily Telegraph |issue=861 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=11 April 1882 |accessdate=6 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article238464461 |title=No title |newspaper=The Sydney Daily Telegraph |issue=861 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=11 April 1882 |accessdate=6 May 2024 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}} According to The Bulletin in 1920, "after the overture" the manager "stepped to the front of the curtain and announced that the police had banned the play. Uproar ensued. Some men-of-war’s men from the Raleigh then in port got at loggerheads with the police; reinforcements were rushed up, the lights were put out, and so were the rioters."{{Citation

| title=Poverty Point Moet & Chandon Dry Imperial Champagne Exquisite

| journal=The Bulletin

| date=1 April 1920

| location=Sydney, N.S.W

| publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald

| url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-679083107

| access-date=5 May 2024

| via=Trove

}}

This banning effectively ended production of plays about the Kelly gang for over a decade until The Kelly Gang played in Melbourne in 1898 without controversy, prompting a boom in Ned Kelly plays over the next decade.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57813507 |title=The Busker |newspaper=Sunday Times (Perth) |issue=825 |location=Western Australia |date=26 October 1913 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=17 |via=National Library of Australia}}

Critical reaction

The Weekly Times said "The dialogue is poorly written, and the first two acts drag somewhat, and could be judiciously curtailed. The character are unusually numerous, and representing persons familiar by repute to the audience."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article220488329 |title=The Theatres, Etc. |newspaper=Weekly Times |issue=623 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=13 August 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=18 |via=National Library of Australia}}

According to the Leader the author "wanted to evolve a moral play from the tragic incidents connected with the career and fate of the Kelly gang of outlaws; but the actors, desirous of rendering the piece more diverting than instructive, introduced so much of the farcical element that it was at times extremely difficult to trace the author's meaning."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198493301 |title=Amusements |newspaper=Leader |volume=XLV |issue=1337 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=13 August 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=18 |via=National Library of Australia}}

The Ballarat Star said the author "has managed to string together the incidents of the Kellys career with some degree of consecutiveness, and prepared a drama which at the events raises a laugh and evidently excites the auditor’s interest. It is not a very high literary ambition to produce such a piece but apparently it pays, and - we presume - this was the real reason for its production."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article202593561 |title=Entertainments. |newspaper=The Ballarat Star |volume=XXVI |issue=225 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=22 September 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}

The Evening Journal said "I am astonished at the performance being permitted. I am quite willing to admit that the author does not intend its production to do any harm, and that he may even have had a moral purpose in view in writing it. But it does harm unquestionably, and the moral doesn't show out. There is certainly... nothing dangerous in it. The Chief Commissioner of Police is not called a fool or a coward, nor is Ned Kelly held up as an example of injured innocence. But the effect of making these four bloodthirsty cowardly murderers the centre features in a play is bad."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197759031 |title=Our Special Correspondence. |newspaper=Evening Journal |volume=XIII |issue=3842 |location=South Australia |date=19 August 1881 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=3 (second edition) |via=National Library of Australia}}

The Benalla Standard said, "The several characters were well sustained by the different parties engaged, and the shooting of Constable Fitzpatrick by Dan Kelly was most realistic. The murder of Sergeant Kennedy was a most affecting scene, and his piteous appeals for mercy produced the most profound sensation, especially when it was resolved that he should be killed, to put him out of misery."

One critic said "A wit remarked to me that the play was made up of firing revolvers, which would not go off, and dancing Irish jigs. The guns and revolvers had a knack of missing fire jnst when a leading character had to be killed... Honesty speaking the production is most reprehensible, and I regret that a gentleman like Mr Martin should have allowed his name, to be associatid with a catch-penny affair. Kate Kelly was not allowed to earn a few

shillings by exhibiting herself the night her her brother was hanged why should these play actors be allowed to gather a few pound by catering to the morbid curiosity of-the evil disposed?"{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article240794540 |title=News and Notes |newspaper=The Kyneton Observer |volume= |issue=2890 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=13 August 1881 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}

According to one review "the character of Ned Kelly is rather inappropriately drawn, there being a deficiency of random roughness which the original possessed. The man in the play is gifted with more brains than the real bushranger had. The play is not an inviting one, and there is not so much 'moral' as might have been embodied in it."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108472173 |title=The Princess Theatre |newspaper=Record |issue=675 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=12 August 1881 |accessdate=4 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}

The Bulletin said "Ostracised is stated, as a literary production, to be beneath criticism and beneath contempt."{{Citation

| title=Sundry Shows

| journal=The Bulletin

| date=5 November 1881

| url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-236012494

| access-date=5 May 2024

| via=Trove

}} However a critic in the same magazine in 1898 said the play was superior to the later The Kelly Gang.{{Citation

| title=At Poverty Point

| journal=The Bulletin

| date=16 April 1898

| location=Sydney, N.S.W

| publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald

| url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2800744791

| access-date=5 May 2024

| via=Trove

}}

Reviewing a 1882 production at Victoria Hall the Sydney Daily Telegraph said "The leading characters were fuil|y sustained, and the whole production was a decided success."{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article238466565 |title=Victoria Hall. |newspaper=The Sydney Daily Telegraph |issue=860 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=10 April 1882 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}

Original 1881 cast

File:Ostracised_play_two.png

There were 36 speaking characters. Some of the cast included:

W.G. Carey as Ned Kelly{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article212696660 |title=Advertising |newspaper=The Lorgnette |volume=XXII |issue=1702 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=8 September 1881 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=3 (Edition 1) |via=National Library of Australia}}
George Coleman as Dan Kelly{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article168752993 |title=Stageland Studies. |newspaper=Truth |issue=1016 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=8 January 1911 |accessdate=5 May 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}
George Atkins as Steve Hart
Walter Carle as Joe Byrne
Ada Grantleigh as Kate Kelly
Mrs Ford as Mrs Kelly
W.B. Warmer as Constable Fitzpatrick
Tom Forde as Constable Johnson
Charles Newton as Sgt Kennedy
Pat Finn as Power the Bushranger
E.C. Smith as Aaron Sherritt
Nellis Greenloes as Mrs Russell
F. Forde as Mrs Russell
Miss May Vivian as Biddy
J.H. Clifford as Mike
Bob Watson as Sgt Steele{{Citation