Other and unspecified dissociative disorders#Unspecified dissociative disorder

{{Infobox medical condition

| name = Other specified dissociative disorder

| specialty = Psychiatry

| symptoms = Various dissociative symptoms which do not align well with specific dissociative disorders

| causes = Trauma

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Other specified dissociative disorder (OSDD) is a mental health diagnosis for pathological dissociation that matches the DSM-5 criteria for a dissociative disorder, but does not fit the full criteria for any of the dissociative disorders, such as dissociative identity disorder, dissociative amnesia, and depersonalization/derealization disorder. Additionally, a diagnosis requires that reasons why the presentation does not fit specific diagnoses are specified.{{Cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |date=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |editor-last=American Psychiatric Association |edition=5th |location=Washington, D.C |pages=306–307 |editor-last2=American Psychiatric Association}} The ICD-10 diagnosis which includes the DSM-5's OSDD (F44.89) is "Other dissociative [conversion] disorders" (F44.8).{{Cite web |title=Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (F40-F48) |url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/F44.8 |url-status=live |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=ICD-10 Version:2019}} The ICD-11 includes the diagnosis "Other specified dissociative disorders" (6B6Y [https://icd.who.int/browse/2025-01/mms/en#108180424%2Fother]).

There are currently four examples of OSDD given in the DSM. Examples of OSDD presentations include ongoing or recurring dissociative symptoms that involve shifts in identity or self-perception without full amnesia, disruptions in identity following sustained psychological manipulation or coercive persuasion, brief dissociative states in response to acute stressors, and episodes of trance-like detachment marked by unresponsiveness and altered awareness outside of cultural norms.

When diagnosing OSDD, a clinician specifies more detail on the diagnosis in the client's file. The DSM-5 gives the example of "recording 'other specified dissociative disorder' followed by the specific reason (e.g., 'dissociative trance')." A common misconception with the examples listed in the DSM is that they are four "types" of OSDD,{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}} but the DSM never actually names the examples as "types" of OSDD; rather, it lists them as examples of what the clinician could specify in the client's file.

OSDD is the most common dissociative disorder and is diagnosed in 40% of dissociative disorder cases.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e-6WHeIf-dgC&pg=PR19 |title=Dissociation and the dissociative disorders: DSM-V and beyond |date=2009 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-95785-4 |editor-last=Dell |editor-first=Paul F. |location=New York |oclc=245509947 |editor-last2=O'Neil |editor-first2=John A. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102211736/https://books.google.com/books?id=e-6WHeIf-dgC&pg=PR19 |archive-date=2023-11-02}} It is often co-morbid with other mental illnesses such as complex posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, personality disorders, substance use disorders, and eating disorders.

A diagnosis of Unspecified dissociative disorder is given when the clinician does not give a reason for criteria for a specific dissociative disorder not being met. The DSM-5 gives the example of "insufficient information to make a more specific diagnosis (e.g., in emergency room settings)" as a reason for why this might be the case. The ICD-10 contains the similarly named diagnosis Dissociative [conversion] disorder, unspecified (F44.9), and the ICD-11 contains Dissociative disorders, unspecified (6B6Z [https://icd.who.int/browse/2025-01/mms/en#108180424%2Funspecified]).

{{Infobox medical condition

| synonyms = Other dissociative and conversion disorders, partial dissociative identity disorder

| name = Dissociative disorder not otherwise specified

| field = Psychiatry

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| differential = Conversion disorder (CD)/Functional neurologic symptom disorder (FNsD), Dissociative identity disorder, Depersonalization-derealization disorder, Borderline personality disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Unspecified dissociative disorder

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}}Dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS) was a mental health diagnosis for pathological dissociation that matched the DSM-IV criteria for a dissociative disorder, but did not fit the full criteria for any of the specific dissociative disorders.

Several examples of how DDNOS can manifest are provided in the DSM-IV.{{Cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV ; includes ICD-9-CM codes effective 1. Oct. 96 |date=1998 |isbn=978-0-89042-061-4 |editor-last=American Psychiatric Association |edition=4. ed., 7. print |location=Washington, DC |pages=490–491 |quote=This category is included for disorders in which the predominant feature is a dissociative symptom (i.e., a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment) that does not meet the criteria for any specific Dissociative Disorder. Examples include 1. Clinical presentations similar to Dissociative Identity Disorder that fail to meet full criteria for this disorder. Examples include presentations in which a) there are not two or more distinct personality states, or b) amnesia for important personal information does not occur.}} These examples, due to being numbered have been used as distinct subtypes of DDNOS in the following manner:Dell, Paul. (2009). The Long Struggle to Diagnose Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) I. MPD

• DDNOS 1 – DID but switching not observed by clinician, or amnesia for the significant past but not everyday life.{{Cite web|last=traumadissociation.com|date=2015|title=Other Specified Dissociative Disorder (DDNOS) – Types and DSM 5 criteria|url=http://traumadissociation.com/osdd|access-date=2020-07-29|website=Trauma dissociation}}
• DDNOS 1a – Like DID but with less distinct parts/no alters. Alters may be emotional fragments or the same individual at different ages. Can experience emotional amnesia rather than physical amnesia.{{Cite web|title=Comparing OSDD-1 and DID|url=https://did-research.org/comorbid/dd/osdd_udd/did_osdd|access-date=2020-07-29|website=did-research.org}}
• DDNOS 1b – Like DID but no amnesia between alters.
• DDNOS 2 – Derealization without depersonalization.
• DDNOS 3,4,5,etc. – DID but with specific symptoms. Eg) Identity change due to brainwashing, acute dissociative reaction, dissociative trance, Ganser Syndrome.
• Dissociative disorder with unclear symptoms.

{{Portal|Psychology|Psychiatry}}

• Conversion disorder
• Dissociation
• Identity
• Jamais vu
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

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Category:Dissociative disorders