Otto Blumenthal

{{Infobox scientist

| name = Ludwig Otto Blumenthal

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| image = Plancherel Goldziher Blumenthal Zurich1932.tiff

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| caption = Left to right, standing: Michel Plancherel, Prof. Karl Goldziher (Budapest), Otto Blumenthal, sitting: Ms. Blumenthal, and an unknown woman, at the International Mathematical Congress, Zürich 1932

| birth_date = {{birth date|1876|7|20|df=y}}

| birth_place = Frankfurt, Hesse-Nassau

| death_date = {{death date and age|1944|11|12|1876|7|20|df=y}}

| death_place = Theresienstadt concentration camp, Czechoslovakia

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| alma_mater = Göttingen University

| thesis_title = Über die Entwicklung einer willkürlichen Funktion nach den Nennern des Kettenbruches $\scriptstyle \int_{-\infty}^0 (z - \xi)^{-1} \varphi(\xi) d\xi$

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| thesis_year = 1898

| doctoral_advisor = David Hilbert

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| doctoral_students = Karl Gehlen

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| known_for = Editor of Mathematische Annalen, 1906-1938

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| spouse = Mali Ebstein

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| children = Margrete (born 1911), Ernst (born 1914)

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Ludwig Otto Blumenthal (20 July 1876 – 12 November 1944) was a German mathematician and professor at RWTH Aachen University.

Biography

He was born in Frankfurt, Hesse-Nassau. A student of David Hilbert, Blumenthal was an editor of Mathematische Annalen. When the Civil Service Act of 1933 became law in 1933, after Hitler became Chancellor, Blumenthal was dismissed from his position at RWTH Aachen University.{{Cite book| publisher = BRILL| isbn = 978-90-04-29639-8| title = Voices from Exile: Essays in Memory of Hamish Ritchie| date = 2015-06-05|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ybG9CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA124}}{{Cite book| publisher = Cambridge University Press| isbn = 978-1-107-00684-3| last1 = Hoffmann| first1 = Dieter| last2 = Walker| first2 = Mark| title = The German Physical Society in the Third Reich: Physicists Between Autonomy and Accommodation| date = 2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7hH8BXyl7gEC&pg=PA248}} He was married to Amalie Ebstein, also known as 'Mali'{{Cite book| publisher = Hartung-Gorre Verlag| isbn = 978-3-86628-384-8| last1 = Felsch| first1 = Volkmar| title = Otto Blumenthals Tagebücher| date = 2011}} and daughter of Wilhelm Ebstein.

Blumenthal, who was of Jewish background, emigrated from Nazi Germany to the Netherlands, lived in Utrecht and was deported via Westerbork to the concentration camp, Theresienstadt in Bohemia (now Czech Republic), where he died.

In 1913, Blumenthal made a fundamental, though often overlooked, contribution to applied mathematics and aerodynamics by building on Joukowsky's work to extract the complex transformation that carries the latter's name,[https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930090787_1993090787.pdf NASA technical report] nasa.gov {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817135706/https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930090787_1993090787.pdf/ |date=17 August 2020 }} making it an example of Stigler's Law.

Selected publications

{{cite journal | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN235181684_0057/log38.pdf | author=Otto Blumenthal | title=Zum Eliminationsproblem bei analytischen Funktionen mehrerer Veränderlicher | journal=Math. Ann. | volume=57 | pages=356–368 | year=1903 | issue=3 | doi=10.1007/bf01444291| s2cid=120658586 }}
{{cite journal | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN37721857X_0013/log26.pdf | author=Otto Blumenthal | title=Über Thetafunktionen und Modulfunktionen mehrerer Veränderlicher | journal=Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung | volume=13 | pages=126–138 | year=1904 }}
{{cite journal | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN235181684_0061/log28.pdf | author=Otto Blumenthal | title=Über die Zerlegung unendlicher Vektorfelder | journal=Math. Ann. | volume=61 | pages=235–250 | year=1905 | issue=2 | doi=10.1007/bf01457564| s2cid=123119260 }}
{{cite journal | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN37721857X_0016/log24.pdf | author=Otto Blumenthal | title=Über ganze transzendente Funktionen | journal=Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung | volume=16 | pages=97–109 | year=1907 }}
{{cite journal | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN235181684_0077/log40.pdf | author=Otto Blumenthal | title=Einige Minimums-Sätze über trigonometrische und rationale Polynome | journal=Math. Ann. | volume=77 | pages=390–403 | year=1916 | issue=3 | doi=10.1007/bf01475868| s2cid=120474289 }}
{{cite journal | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN243919689_0165/log24.pdf | author=Otto Blumenthal | title=Über rationale Polynome mit einer Minimumseigenschaft | journal=Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik | volume=165 | pages=237–246 | year=1931 }}
{{cite book | author=Otto Blumenthal | contribution=Lebensgeschichte | pages=388–429 | url=http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/dms/load/pdf/?PPN=PPN237834022 | title=Analysis — Grundlagen der Mathematik — Physik — Verschiedenes — Nebst einer Lebensgeschichte | location=Berlin | publisher=Julius Springer | series=David Hilbert — Gesammelte Abhandlungen | volume=3 | year=1935 | access-date=2015-09-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306014811/http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/dms/load/pdf/?PPN=PPN237834022 | archive-date=2016-03-06 | url-status=dead }}
{{cite journal | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN235181684_0110/log43.pdf | author=Otto Blumenthal | title=Zu den Entwicklungen nach Eigenfunktionen linearer symmetrischer Integralgleichungen | journal=Mathematische Annalen | volume=110 | pages=726–733 | year=1935 | doi=10.1007/bf01448053| s2cid=122625415 }}

References

{{cite journal | author=Heinrich Behnke |title=Otto Blumenthal zum Gedächtnis |language=de |journal=Mathematische Annalen |volume=136 |issue=5 |pages=387–392 |date=1958 |url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=GDZPPN00228703X |doi=10.1007/bf01347791|s2cid=123212941 }}

External links

{{MacTutor Biography|id=Blumenthal}}
Clary, David C. (2024) [https://doi.org/10.1142/q0436 The Lost Scientists of World War II] World Scientific Publishing, {{ISBN|978-1-80061-491-8}}

Category:1876 births

Category:1944 deaths

Category:19th-century German mathematicians

Category:20th-century German mathematicians

Category:German Jews who died in the Holocaust

Category:Scientists from Frankfurt

Category:People from Hesse-Nassau

Category:University of Göttingen alumni

Category:Academic staff of the University of Göttingen

Category:Academic staff of the University of Marburg

Category:Academic staff of RWTH Aachen University

Category:German people who died in the Theresienstadt Ghetto

Category:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the Netherlands

Category:People dismissed from faculty positions by Nazi Germany

Category:Mathematicians from the German Empire

Category:Presidents of the German Mathematical Society