Otto Wilhelm Masing
{{Short description|Estonian clergyman and linguist}}
{{Expand Estonian|topic=bio|Otto Wilhelm Masing|date=November 2023}}
Otto Wilhelm Masing ({{osd|8 November|1763|28 October}} in Lohusuu, Kreis Dorpat – {{osd|15 March|1832|3 March}} in Äksi, Kreis Dorpat, then Livland Governorate, now Estonia) was a clergyman, writer, journalist, linguist, notable early Estophile and a major advocate of Estonian commoners' rights, especially regarding education.
Life
Masing was born in 1763 in the village of Lohusuu, Kreis Dorpat (then part of Russian Empire, now Estonia). His father Kristian Masick was a local ethnic Estonian Lutheran clergyman, and mother Anna Ludovica von Hildebrandt was a noblewoman of German descent.
Masing received schooling at the town school of Narva (1777–1779), and at the Gymnasium of Torgau (1779–1782) in Germany. He then studied theology, music and drawing at the University of Halle before returning to Estonia in 1786.
In 1796, Masing married Dorothea Amalie Ehlertz (1776–1809) in Tartu (Dorpat),Entry in the [http://www.ra.ee/dgs/_purl.php?shc=EAA.1253.3.3:252?113,499,1079,184,0 Register of Marriages of the Parish of St. John] (Estonian: Tartu Jaani kogudus) a daughter of the city councillor Carl Ulrich Ehlertz (1739–1790) {{Citation
| last1 = von Lemm
| first1 = Robert Arthur
| url = http://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de/title/BV005090368/ft/bsb00096846?page=77
| title = Dorpater Ratslinie 1319-1889 und das Dorpater Stadtamt 1878-1918
| publisher = Herder-Inst.
| place = Marburg/Lahn
| year = 1960
}} and his wife Louisa Dorothea née Stockenberg (1755–1803), a great-granddaughter of the sculptor Johann Gustav Stockenberg.
Work
File:Aksi Andrease kirik 20150510-124201 3X4 panoraam.jpg (2015)]]
Masing's first employment after concluding his studies was as private tutor at the manor in Püssi (Neu-Isenhof) for the children of the nobleman Otto Magnus von Toll.
In 1788, he became the pastor of the Lutheran church in Lüganuse (Luggenhusen), and then served from 1795 in Viru-Nigula (Maholm), and from 1815 in Äksi (Ecks), where he remained as pastor until his death.{{Cite web|url=http://www.monument.ee/viru-nigula-vald/viru-nigula-otto-wilhelm-masing|title = Eesti monumentide e-kataloog - Viru-Nigula Otto Wilhelm Masing}}
From 1818 he also took on the post of assessor of the consistory of Livonia and from 1821 onwards he was also Provost for Tartu.
Contributions as publicist and linguist
File:Masingu aabitsa tiitelleht.jpeg by Otto Wilhelm Masing, published in 1795]]
In 1795, Masing compiled and published a children's textbook for learning reading, ABD. (The letter C does not appear in Estonian words, and back then, was not considered part of the Estonian alphabet. This considered, the title could be translated as ABC.) He published a further textbook with methodical reading instructions, Luggemislehhed, in 1821.
In 1821–1823, and in 1825, Masing published the newspaper Marahwa Näddala-Leht (Estonian for 'Rural People's Weekly'), one of the earliest periodicals in Estonian.
Among other linguistic contributions, Masing is credited with creating the letter õ to denote an Estonian phoneme not found in other related languages.{{Cite web|url=https://www.sirp.ee/s1-artiklid/varamu/kuidas-tuli-o-taht-eesti-kirjakeelde/|title = Kuidas tuli õ-täht eesti kirjakeelde?}}
Honours
- Imperial Russian Order of Saint Vladimir, 4th class (awarded 1821) {{Citation | last1 = Napiersky | first1 = Karl Eduard | title = Beiträge zur Geschichte der Kirchen und Prediger in Livland. Drittes Heft, Lebensnachrichten von den livländischen Predigern, mit litterärischen Nachweisen. Zweiter Theil, H-P | publisher = J.F. Steffenhagen und Sohn | place = Mitau | year = 1851| hdl = 10062/29497 | isbn = 9789949317660 | author1-link = Karl Eduard von Napiersky }}{{Citation | last1 = Paucker | first1 = Hugo Richard | title = Ehstlands Geistlichkeit in geordneter Zeit- und Reihefolge | publisher = Lindfors Erben | place = Reval | year = 1849| hdl = 10062/17510 }}
External links
- Estonica: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070610023546/http://www.estonica.org/eng/lugu.html?kateg=43&menyy_id=96&alam=61&leht=7 1710–1850. The Baltic Landesstaat. Emergence of national consciousness and Estophilia]
References
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Category:People from Mustvee Parish
Category:People from Kreis Dorpat
Category:Estonian Lutheran clergy
Category:Linguists from Estonia
Category:18th-century Estonian people
Category:19th-century Estonian writers