Outline of chocolate

{{Short description|Food produced from cacao seeds}}

{{Use British English|date=December 2021}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to chocolate:

{{TOC limit|limit=2}}

What is chocolate?

  • Chocolate – raw or processed food produced from the seed of the tropical Theobroma cacao tree.{{Cite web |date=9 January 1998 |title=Theobroma cacao |url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/theobroma_cacao.html |access-date=17 April 2013 |publisher=Hort.purdue.edu}} The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste, and must be fermented to improve the flavour. Chocolate is a popular ingredient in confectionery items and candies.

=What <em>type</em> of thing is chocolate?=

Chocolate is a type of:

  • Food – substance to provide nutritional support for the body, ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells in an effort to produce energy, maintain life, and/or stimulate growth.
  • Confectionery – the set of food items that are rich in sugar, any one or type of which is called a confection. Modern usage may include substances rich in artificial sweeteners as well.
  • Candy – confection made from a concentrated solution of sugar in water, to which flavourings and colourants are added. Candies come in numerous colours and varieties and have a long history in popular culture.
  • Ingredient – substance that forms part of a mixture (in a general sense). For example, in cooking, recipes specify which ingredients are used to prepare a specific dish. Chocolate is often used as an ingredient in dessert items, such as cakes and cookies.

= What is chocolate made of? =

== Necessary ingredients ==

  • {{Annotated link|Cocoa (processed cacao)}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa bean|Cacao bean}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate liquor|aka=chocolate mass}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa butter}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa solids}}

== Optional ingredients ==

  • {{annotated link|Milk}}
  • {{annotated link|Sugar}}
  • {{annotated link|Vanilla}}
  • {{Annotated link|Emulsion|Emulsifier}}
  • {{annotated link|Lecithin}}
  • {{Annotated link|Polyglycerol polyricinoleate}}

=== Substances found in cacao ===

  • {{annotated link|Antioxidant|Antioxidants}}
  • {{annotated link|Catechin}}
  • {{annotated link|Flavonols}}
  • {{annotated link|Caffeine}}
  • Phenethylamine – psychoactive drug that is usually inactive when orally ingested because most of it is metabolized into phenylacetic acid by monoamine oxidase (MAO), preventing significant concentrations from reaching the brain{{Cite journal |vauthors=Yang HY, Neff NH |date=November 1973 |title=Beta-phenylethylamine: a specific substrate for type B monoamine oxidase of brain |journal=Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |volume=187 |issue=2 |pages=365–71 |issn=0022-3565 |pmid=4748552}}{{Cite journal |vauthors=Suzuki O, Katsumata Y, Oya M |date=March 1981 |title=Oxidation of beta-phenylethylamine by both types of monoamine oxidase: examination of enzymes in brain and liver mitochondria of eight species |url=http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@rn+64-04-0 |journal=Journal of Neurochemistry |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=1298–301 |doi=10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb01734.x |issn=0022-3042 |pmid=7205271|s2cid=36099388 }}
  • Theobromine – also known as xantheose,{{Cite book |last=Malisoff |first=William Marias |title=Dictionary of Bio-Chemistry and Related Subjects |publisher=Philosophical Library |year=1943 |pages=311, 530, 573 |asin=B0006AQ0NU}} it contains no bromine{{Cite book |last1=Bennett |first1=Alan Weinberg |url=https://archive.org/details/worldofcaffeines00benn |title=The World of Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug |last2=Bonnie K. Bealer |publisher=Routledge, New York |year=2002 |isbn=0-415-92723-4 |url-access=registration}} and has a similar, but lesser, effect to caffeine
  • Theophylline – methylxanthine drug found in tea leaves

=== Source of cocoa ===

  • {{annotated link|Theobroma cacao|aka=Cacao tree}}
  • {{annotated link|Types of cocoa beans}}
  • {{annotated link|Child labour in cocoa production}}
  • {{Annotated link|Environmental impact of cocoa production}}
  • By country
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa production in Ivory Coast|Cocoa production in Ivory Coast}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa production in Ghana|Cocoa production in Ghana}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa production in Nigeria|Cocoa production in Nigeria}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa production in São Tomé and Príncipe|Cocoa production in São Tomé and Príncipe}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa production in Sri Lanka|Cocoa production in Sri Lanka}}

Types

thumb

{{annotated link|Types of chocolate}}

  • {{annotated link|Aerated chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Baking chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Bittersweet chocolate}}
  • {{Annotated link|Cioccolato di Modica}}
  • {{annotated link|Compound chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Couverture chocolate|Couverture}}
  • {{annotated link|Dark chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Gianduja (chocolate)|Gianduja}}
  • {{annotated link|Milk chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Modeling chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Organic chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Raw chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Ruby chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|White chocolate}}
  • By country
  • {{annotated link|Belgian chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|French chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Swiss chocolate}}

Production methods

  • {{annotated link|Broma process}}
  • {{annotated link|Conching}}
  • {{annotated link|Dutch process cocoa}}
  • {{Annotated link|Enrober}}
  • {{annotated link|Federal Specification for Candy and Chocolate Confections}}
  • {{Annotated link|Sugar crust}}
  • {{annotated link|Tempered chocolate}}

Producers and trade organizations

{{Annotated link|Chocolate industry}}

  • {{annotated link|Chocolaterie}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolatier}}
  • {{Annotated link|List of chocolatiers}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa Processing Company|Cocoa Processing Company Limited}} – a Ghanaian cocoa processing company
  • {{annotated link|International Cocoa Initiative}}
  • {{annotated link|Kuapa Kokoo}} – a Ghanaian farmers' cooperative organisation
  • {{annotated link|Bean-to-bar}}
  • {{annotated link|List of bean-to-bar chocolate manufacturers}}

Brands

  • {{annotated link|List of chocolate bar brands}}
  • {{annotated link|Scho-Ka-Kola}} – a chocolate brand containing coffee and cola nut

Edibles

  • Brand names:
  • {{annotated link|Death by Chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Candy}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate bar}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate-coated peanut}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate-coated raisin}}
  • Cereals
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa Frosted Flakes}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa Krispies}}
  • {{annotated link|Cocoa Puffs}}
  • {{annotated link|Cookie Crisp}}
  • {{annotated link|List of breakfast cereals}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate cake}}
  • Chocolate {{annotated link|layer cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Black Forest gateau}}
  • Chocolate {{annotated link|soufflé|soufflé cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Devil's food cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Ding Dong}}
  • {{annotated link|Flourless chocolate cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Fudge cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Garash cake}}
  • {{annotated link|German chocolate cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Joffre cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Molten chocolate cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Red velvet cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Sachertorte}}
  • {{annotated link|Wacky cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate pudding}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate spread}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate syrup}}
  • Chocolates –
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate money}}
  • {{annotated link|Mint chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Confectionery}}
  • {{annotated link|Choco pie}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate crackles}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate truffle}}
  • {{annotated link|Rum ball}}
  • {{annotated link|Cookie}}
  • {{annotated link|Afghan (biscuit)|Afghan biscuit}}
  • {{annotated link|Black and white cookie}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate biscuit}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate brownie}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate chip}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate chip cookie}}
  • {{annotated link|List of cookies}}
  • {{annotated link|Dessert}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate salami}}
  • {{annotated link|Molten chocolate cake}}
  • {{annotated link|Mousse}}
  • {{annotated link|Ice cream}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate chip}}
  • {{annotated link|Mint chocolate chip}}

= Drinks =

File:Hot chocolate.jpg

  • {{annotated link|Cafe mocha}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate milk}}
  • {{annotated link|Banania}}
  • {{annotated link|Nesquik}}
  • {{annotated link|Swiss Miss}}
  • {{annotated link|Yoo-hoo}}
  • {{annotated link|Crème de cacao}}
  • {{annotated link|Hot chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|List of chocolate beverages}}

History

  • {{annotated link|History of chocolate}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolataire}}

Effects on health

  • {{annotated link|Theobromine poisoning}}

Other articles

  • {{annotated link|Chocolate agar}} – named for its colour, does not contain cocoa
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate fountain}}
  • {{annotated link|Chocolate spread}}
  • {{Annotated link|Cocoa-free chocolate alternative}}
  • Military chocolate
  • {{annotated link|United States military chocolate}}
  • {{Annotated link|Military chocolate (Switzerland)}}

References

{{reflist|2}}