Outline of scientific method
{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to scientific method}}
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the scientific method:
Scientific method – body of techniques for investigating phenomena and acquiring new knowledge, as well as for correcting and integrating previous knowledge. It is based on observable, empirical, reproducible, measurable evidence, and subject to the laws of reasoning.
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Nature of scientific method
{{History of scientific method}}
Elements of scientific method
= Observation =
= Hypothesis =
= Experiment =
=Theory=
== Prediction ==
- Prediction
- Bayesian inference – subjective use of statistical reasoning
- Deductive reasoning
- Retrodiction
= Evaluation by scientific community=
Scientific method concepts
= Empirical methods =
= Use of statistics =
- Uncomfortable science — Inference from a limited sample of data
- Exploratory data analysis
- Confirmatory data analysis
= Paradigm change =
= Problem of induction =
The problem of induction questions the logical basis of scientific statements.
- Inductive reasoning appears to lie at the core of the scientific method, yet also appears to be invalid.
- David Hume was the person who first pointed out the problem of induction.
- Karl Popper offered one solution, Falsifiability
= Scientific creativity =
= Deviations from the scientific method =
= Critique of scientific method =
- Paul Feyerabend argued that the search for a definitive scientific method was misplaced and even counterproductive.
- Imre Lakatos attempted to bridge the gap between Popper and Kuhn.
- Sociology of scientific knowledge
- Scientism
= Relationship of scientific method to technology =
=Aesthetics in the scientific method =
History of scientific method
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{{main article|History of scientific method|Timeline of the history of scientific method|History of science}}
=Publications=
= Persons influential in the development of scientific method =
See also
- Bayesian probability
- Quasi-empirical methods
- Foundation ontology
- Ontology
- Philosophy of mathematics
- Mathematics
- Epistemology
- Post-processual archaeology is a methodological curiosity from Archaeology.
- Structuralism
- Post-structuralism
- Deconstruction
- Postmodernism
- Latour, Bruno
- Secularism-
- Physical law
- Science policy
- Scientific Revolution
- Sociology of knowledge
- Science studies
External links
{{Sister project links|Scientific method}}
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