P

The Semitic Pê (mouth), as well as the Greek Π or π (Pi), and the Etruscan and Latin letters that developed from the former alphabet all symbolized {{IPA|/p/}}, a voiceless bilabial plosive.

File:Newes ABC Buchlein MET DP855604.jpg or early Baroque design of a P, from 1627]]

In English orthography, {{angbr|p}} represents the sound {{IPAslink|p}}.

A common digraph in English is {{angbr|ph}}, which represents the sound {{IPAc-en|f}}, and can be used to transliterate {{angbr|φ}} phi in loanwords from Greek. In German, the digraph {{angbr|pf}} is common, representing a labial affricate {{IPA|/pf/}}.

Most English words beginning with {{angbr|p}} are of foreign origin, primarily French, Latin and Greek; these languages preserve the Proto-Indo-European initial *p. Native English cognates of such words often start with {{angbr|f}}, since English is a Germanic language and thus has undergone Grimm's law; a native English word with an initial {{IPA|/p/}} would reflect Proto-Indo-European initial *b, which is so rare that its existence as a phoneme is disputed. However, native English words with non-initial {{angbr|p}} are quite common; such words can come from either Kluge's law or the consonant cluster {{IPA|/sp/}} (PIE: *p has been preserved after s).

P is the eighth least frequently used letter in the English language.

In most European languages, {{angbr|p}} represents the sound {{IPAslink|p}}.

In the International Phonetic Alphabet, {{angbr|p}} is used to represent the voiceless bilabial plosive.

{{main article|P (disambiguation)}}

• A bold italic letter {{serif|p}} is used in musical notation as a dynamic indicator for "quiet". It stands for the Italian word piano.{{cite book |first=Don Michael |last=Randel |author-link=Don Michael Randel |publisher=Harvard University Press Reference Library |location=Cambridge, MA, US |year=2003 |title=The Harvard Dictionary of Music |edition=4th}}{{cite web | title=Piano | work=Virginia Tech Multimedia Music Dictionary | url=http://www.music.vt.edu/musicdictionary/textp/Piano.html | access-date=19 March 2012 | archive-date=22 October 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022131734/http://www.music.vt.edu/MUSICDICTIONARY/textp/Piano.html | url-status=dead }}

The Latin letter P represents the same sound as the Greek letter Pi, but it looks like the Greek letter Rho.

• 𐤐 : Semitic letter Pe, from which the following symbols originally derive:
• Π π : Greek letter Pi
• 𐌐 : Old Italic and Old Latin P, which derives from Greek Pi, and is the ancestor of modern Latin P. The Roman P had this form (𐌐) on coins and inscriptions until the reign of Claudius, {{circa|50 AD}}.
• {{Script|Goth|𐍀}} : Gothic letter pertra/pairþa, which derives from Greek Pi
• П п : Cyrillic letter Pe, which derives from Greek Pi
• {{Script|Copt|Ⲡ ⲡ}} : Coptic letter Pi
• Պ պ: Armenian letter Pe
• P with diacritics: Ṕ ṕ Ṗ ṗ Ᵽ ᵽ Ƥ ƥ ᵱ{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2003/03174r2-mid-tilde.pdf|title=L2/03-174R2: Proposal to Encode Phonetic Symbols with Middle Tilde in the UCS|date=2003-09-30|first=Peter|last=Constable|access-date=2018-03-24|archive-date=2017-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011013938/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2003/03174r2-mid-tilde.pdf|url-status=live}} ᶈ{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04132-n2740-phonetic.pdf|title=L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS|date=2004-04-19|first=Peter|last=Constable|access-date=2018-03-24|archive-date=2017-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011014355/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04132-n2740-phonetic.pdf|url-status=live}}
• Turned P
• Uralic Phonetic Alphabet-specific symbols related to P:{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02141-n2419-uralic-phonetic.pdf|title=L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS|date=2002-03-20|first1=Michael|last1=Everson|author-link1=Michael Everson|display-authors=etal|access-date=2018-03-24|archive-date=2018-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219081033/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02141-n2419-uralic-phonetic.pdf|url-status=live}}
• {{Unichar|1D18|LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL P}}
• {{Unichar|1D3E|MODIFIER LETTER CAPITAL P}}
• {{Unichar|1D56|MODIFIER LETTER SMALL P}}
• _p : Subscript small p was used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet prior to its formal standardization in 1902{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09028-n3571-upa-additions.pdf|title=L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet|date=2009-01-27|first1=Klaas|last1=Ruppel|first2=Tero|last2=Aalto|first3=Michael|last3=Everson|access-date=2018-03-24|archive-date=2017-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011014359/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09028-n3571-upa-additions.pdf|url-status=live}}

• ₱ : Philippine peso sign
• 𝒫, 𝓅 : script letter P (uppercase and lowercase, respectively), used in mathematics. (In other contexts, a script typeface (or computer font) should be used.)
• ℘ Weierstrass p
• ℗ : sound recording copyright symbol
• ♇ : Pluto symbol, a monogram of the letters "PL", and also the initials of Percival Lowell, heralding his role in its discovery
• ꟼ : Reversed P was used in ancient Roman texts to stand for puella (girl){{Cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06269-add-roman.pdf|title=L2/06-269: Proposal to Add Additional Ancient Roman Characters to UCS|date=2006-08-01|first=David J.|last=Perry|access-date=2018-03-24|archive-date=2019-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614231608/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06269-add-roman.pdf|url-status=live}}
• Ꝑ ꝑ, Ꝓ ꝓ, Ꝕ, ꝕ : Various forms of P were used for medieval scribal abbreviations{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06027-n3027-medieval.pdf|title=L2/06-027: Proposal to add Medievalist characters to the UCS|date=2006-01-30|first1=Michael|last1=Everson|first2=Peter|last2=Baker|first3=António|last3=Emiliano|first4=Florian|last4=Grammel|first5=Odd Einar|last5=Haugen|first6=Diana|last6=Luft|first7=Susana|last7=Pedro|first8=Gerd|last8=Schumacher|first9=Andreas|last9=Stötzner|access-date=2018-03-24|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919051622/https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06027-n3027-medieval.pdf|url-status=live}}

{{anchor|Codes for computing}}

{{charmap

| 0050 | 0070 | FF30 | FF50 | name1 = Latin Capital Letter P | name2 = Latin Small Letter P | name3 = FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P | name4 = FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER P

| map1 = EBCDIC family | map1char1 = D7 | map1char2 = 97

| map2 = ASCII{{efn|Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.}} | map2char1 = 50 | map2char2 = 70

}}

{{notelist}}

{{Letter other reps

|NATO=Papa

|Morse=·––·

|Character=P

|fingerspelling=P

}}

{{clear}}

• Mind your Ps and Qs
• Pence or "penny", the English slang for which is p (e.g. "20p" = 20 pence)

{{Reflist}}

• {{Commons-inline|P}}
• {{Wiktionary-inline|P}}
• {{Wiktionary-inline|p}}

{{Latin alphabet|P|}}

Category:ISO basic Latin letters