PAFAH2
{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAFAH2 gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Hattori K, Adachi H, Matsuzawa A, Yamamoto K, Tsujimoto M, Aoki J, Hattori M, Arai H, Inoue K | title = cDNA cloning and expression of intracellular platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase II. Its homology with plasma PAF acetylhydrolase | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 51 | pages = 33032–8 | date = Dec 1996 | pmid = 8955149 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.51.33032 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Rice SQ, Southan C, Boyd HF, Terrett JA, MacPhee CH, Moores K, Gloger IS, Tew DG | title = Expression, purification and characterization of a human serine-dependent phospholipase A2 with high specificity for oxidized phospholipids and platelet activating factor | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 330 ( Pt 3) | issue = 3 | pages = 1309–15 | date = Mar 1998 | doi = 10.1042/bj3301309 | pmid = 9494101 | pmc = 1219277 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PAFAH2 platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5051}} It is one of several PAF acetylhydrolases.
Function
This gene encodes platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase isoform 2, a single-subunit intracellular enzyme that catalyzes the removal of the acetyl group at the SN-2 position of platelet-activating factor (identified as 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine). However, this lipase exhibits a broader substrate specificity than simply platelet activating factor. Two other isoforms of intracellular platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase exist, and both are multi-subunit enzymes. Additionally, there is a single-subunit serum isoform of this enzyme.
References
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Further reading
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- {{cite journal | vauthors = Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM | title = Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 272 | issue = 29 | pages = 17895–8 | date = Jul 1997 | pmid = 9218411 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.29.17895 | doi-access = free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Umemura K, Kato I, Hirashima Y, Ishii Y, Inoue T, Aoki J, Kono N, Oya T, Hayashi N, Hamada H, Endo S, Oda M, Arai H, Kinouchi H, Hiraga K | title = Neuroprotective role of transgenic PAF-acetylhydrolase II in mouse models of focal cerebral ischemia | journal = Stroke: A Journal of Cerebral Circulation | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | pages = 1063–8 | date = Mar 2007 | pmid = 17272759 | doi = 10.1161/01.STR.0000257981.09329.d2 | doi-access = free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Schmidt EB, Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Christensen JH | title = Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 concentrations in plasma are associated with the extent of coronary artery disease and correlate to adipose tissue levels of marine n-3 fatty acids | journal = Atherosclerosis | volume = 196 | issue = 1 | pages = 420–4 | date = Jan 2008 | pmid = 17157859 | doi = 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.11.027 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Unno N, Sakaguchi T, Nakamura T, Yamamoto N, Sugatani J, Miwa M, Konno H | title = A single nucleotide polymorphism in the plasma PAF acetylhydrolase gene and risk of atherosclerosis in Japanese patients with peripheral artery occlusive disease | journal = The Journal of Surgical Research | volume = 134 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–43 | date = Jul 2006 | pmid = 16650870 | doi = 10.1016/j.jss.2006.02.058 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Marques M, Pei Y, Southall MD, Johnston JM, Arai H, Aoki J, Inoue T, Seltmann H, Zouboulis CC, Travers JB | title = Identification of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase II in human skin | journal = The Journal of Investigative Dermatology | volume = 119 | issue = 4 | pages = 913–9 | date = Oct 2002 | pmid = 12406338 | doi = 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2002.01859.x | doi-access = free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Min JH, Wilder C, Aoki J, Arai H, Inoue K, Paul L, Gelb MH | title = Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases: broad substrate specificity and lipoprotein binding does not modulate the catalytic properties of the plasma enzyme | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 40 | issue = 15 | pages = 4539–49 | date = Apr 2001 | pmid = 11294621 | doi = 10.1021/bi002600g | url = http://faculty.washington.edu/gelb/2001/bi002600g.pdf }}
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{{PAF signaling}}
{{gene-1-stub}}