PASOK – Movement for Change

{{Infobox political party

| name = PASOK – Movement for Change

| native_name = {{lang|el|ΠΑΣΟΚ – Κίνημα Αλλαγής}}

| native_name_lang = el

| colorcode = {{Political party data|color}}

| logo = PASOK - Movement for Change (new logo).png

| abbreviation = PASOK-KINAL

| president = Nikos Androulakis

| secretary = Andreas Spiropoulos

| founder = Fofi Gennimata

| founded = 28 November 2017 (launch)
16–18 March 2018 (foundation)
9 May 2022
(Renaming as PASOK – Movement for Change)

| merger =

| ideology = Social democracy{{cite web|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/greece.html|title=Greece|last=Nordsieck|first=Wolfram|date=2019|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|access-date=30 December 2020}}
Pro-Europeanism{{Cite book |last=Gaffney |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOSJAgAAQBAJ&q=pasok+pro+european&pg=PA177 |title=Political Parties and the European Union |date=2002-09-11 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-87616-7 |language=en}}

| position = Centre{{Cite book |last=Schmidt |first=Vivien Ann |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ozjpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA350 |title=Europe's Crisis of Legitimacy: Governing by Rules and Ruling by Numbers in the Eurozone |date=2020 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-879705-0 |language=en}} to centre-left[http://www.ekathimerini.com/242730/article/ekathimerini/news/kostas-tasoulas-secures-wide-mp-support-as-new-house-president Kostas Tasoulas secures wide MP support as new House president]. Kathimerini.

| slogan =

| blank2_title = Former member parties

| blank2 = The River (2017–2018)
DIMAR (2017–2019)

| youth_wing = New Generation of Change Movement{{Cite web|url=https://thecaller.gr/opinion/petros-apostolakis-kinima-mathiton-mia-nea-archi/|title = Κίνημα Μαθητών, μία νέα αρχή| date=9 August 2019 }}

| predecessor = Democratic Alignment

| headquarters =

| european = Party of European Socialists

| europarl = Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats

| national =

| international = Socialist International
Progressive Alliance

| seats1_title = Parliament

| seats1 = {{Political party data|seat composition bar|ms-lower-house}}

| seats2_title = European Parliament

| seats2 = {{Political party data|seat composition bar|EP}}

| seats3_title = Regional governors

| seats3 = {{Composition bar|2|13|{{party color|PASOK – Movement for Change}}}}

| seats4_title = Regional councillors

| seats4 = {{Composition bar|114|611|{{party color|PASOK – Movement for Change}}}}

| seats5_title = Mayors

| seats5 = {{Composition bar|19|332|hex={{party color|PASOK – Movement for Change}}}}

| flag =

| country = Greece

| logo_size = 180px

| website = {{Political party data|website}}

}}

The PASOK – Movement for Change (PASOK-KINAL; {{langx|el|ΠΑΣΟΚ – Κίνημα Αλλαγής|PASOK – Kínima Allagís}}, {{Abbr.}}ΚΙΝΑΛ)[http://www.kathimerini.gr/962724/article/epikairothta/politikh/kinal-apostaseis-apo-syriza-kai-nd-me-to-vlemma-sta-gkalop "ΚΙΝΑΛ: Αποστάσεις από ΣΥΡΙΖΑ και Ν.Δ. με το βλέμμα στα γκάλοπ"]. Kathimerini. is a political alliance in Greece, mainly affiliated with the centre-left of the political spectrum. It supports Greece's membership in the European Union.Vasilopoulou, S. (2018). [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0263395718770599 The party politics of Euroscepticism in times of crisis: The case of Greece.] Politics, 38(3), 311-326. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263395718770599 (Original work published 2018) It includes the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) and Movement of Democratic Socialists (KIDISO). It was founded in March 2018, initially as "Movement for Change" (Kínima Allagís).

History

In July 2017, PASOK leader Fofi Gennimata announced the formation of a new unified centre-left party in Greece before the end of the year.{{cite web|url=http://greece.greekreporter.com/2017/07/01/new-center-left-party-to-be-formed-by-december-in-greece/|title=New Center-Left Party to Be Formed by December in Greece|website=Greece.greekreporter.com|date=July 2017|access-date=13 December 2017}} In the summer of 2017, Stavros Theodorakis, leader and founder of The River also decided to participate in the creation of the alliance. After the leadership election, both PASOK–DIMAR and The River planned to continue with separate parliamentary groups until the new alliance's founding congress, scheduled for spring 2018.{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/222843/article/ekathimerini/news/theodorakis-outlines-road-map-for-new-center-left-party|title=Theodorakis outlines road map for new center-left party|website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=13 December 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/222821/article/ekathimerini/news/center-left-candidate-shoots-barbs-after-televised-debate|title=Center-left candidate shoots barbs after televised debate|website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=13 December 2017}} On 12 November 2017, the first round of leadership elections was held to select the new party's founding leader. Nine initial leadership candidates included Gennimata, Theodorakis, Athens mayor Giorgos Kaminis, PASOK MEP Nikos Androulakis, EDEM party leader Apostolos Pontas, academic Constantinos Gatsios, former PASOK ministers Yiannis Maniatis and Yiannis Ragousis, and Dimitris Tziotis.{{cite web|url=http://greece.greekreporter.com/2017/11/12/polls-opened-in-greece-for-leader-of-new-centre-left-party/|title=Polls Opened in Greece for Leader of New Centre-Left Party|website=Greece.greekreporter.com|date=12 November 2017|access-date=13 December 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/223116/article/ekathimerini/news/center-left-candidates-brace-for-sundays-leadership-vote|title=Center-left candidates brace for Sunday's leadership vote | News | ekathimerini.com|access-date=2017-11-12|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113003240/http://www.ekathimerini.com/223116/article/ekathimerini/news/center-left-candidates-brace-for-sundays-leadership-vote|archive-date=2017-11-13}} The candidates reaching the second-round election were Gennimata, with 44.5% of the vote, and Androulakis, with 25.4%.{{cite web|url=http://greece.greekreporter.com/2017/11/12/fofi-gennimata-closes-in-on-leadership-of-new-centre-left-party-in-greece/|title=Fofi Gennimata Closes in on Leadership of New Centre-Left Party in Greece|website=Greece.greekreporter.com|date=12 November 2017|access-date=13 December 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/223186/article/ekathimerini/news/gennimata-androulakis-head-for-center-left-leader-election-runoff-upd|title=Gennimata, Androulakis head for center-left leader poll runoff |website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=13 December 2017}} The run-off on 19 November was won by Gennimata, who garnered 56% of the vote.{{cite web|url=http://greece.greekreporter.com/2017/11/20/new-center-left-coalition-party-elects-pasok-leader-fofi-gennimata/|title=New Center-Left Coalition Party Elects PASOK Leader Fofi Gennimata|website=Greece.greekreporter.com|date=20 November 2017|access-date=13 December 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/223420/article/ekathimerini/news/gennimata-elected-leader-of-the-center-left-party-to-be-created|title=Gennimata elected leader of the center-left party to be created|website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=13 December 2017}} On 28 November 2017, “Movement for Change” (Kinima Allagis) was announced as the preliminary name of the alliance.{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/223692/article/ekathimerini/news/name-of-center-left-grouping-to-be-movement-for-change|title=Name of center-left grouping to be Movement for Change|website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=13 December 2017}}{{cite news|url=http://greece.greekreporter.com/2017/11/28/movement-of-change-greek-centre-left-coalition-unveils-name/|title=Movement of Change: Greek Centre-Left Coalition Unveils Name |newspaper=Greekreporter.com|date=28 November 2017 |access-date=13 December 2017|last1=Ioannou |first1=Theo }} On 2 December 2017, the party's six-member ruling council was announced, being composed of Gennimata, Theodorakis, Androulakis, Kaminis, DIMAR leader Thanasis Theocharopoulos and former PASOK Prime Minister George Papandreou.{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/223799/article/ekathimerini/news/center-left-reveals-members-of-top-decision-making-body|title=Center-left reveals members of top decision-making body|website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=13 December 2017}}

The alliance held its founding congress on 16–18 March in Athens. During the congress, the new logo was unveiled and the alliance's charter and policy program was approved by the overwhelming majority of members.{{cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/226852/article/ekathimerini/news/new-center-left-party-wraps-up-inaugural-conference-unveils-new-logo|title=New center left party wraps up inaugural conference unveils new logo|website=Ekathimerini.com|access-date=18 March 2018}}[http://balkaneu.com/new-center-left-party-founding-congress-puts-out-message-of-unity/ balkaneu.com]

On 2 July 2018, The River left KINAL.[http://www.kathimerini.gr/972649/article/epikairothta/politikh/apoxwrhsh-apo-to-potami-meta-to-diazygio-me-to-kinal "Αποχώρηση από το Ποτάμι μετά το διαζύγιο με το ΚΙΝΑΛ"]. Kathimerini. On 20 January 2019, DIMAR also left KINAL due to its position of supporting the Prespa agreement.[https://www.cnn.gr/news/politiki/story/162588/symfonia-ton-prespon-diagrafei-theoxaropoylo-i-fofi-dialyetai-to-kinal "Συμφωνία των Πρεσπών"]. CNN Greece. On 1 June 2019 former PASOK leader Evangelos Venizelos left KINAL, accusing Gennimata of turning the Movement into "SYRIZA's tail".{{Cite web|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/241152/article/ekathimerini/news/venizelos-quits-socialist-kinal|title=Venizelos quits socialist KINAL {{!}} Kathimerini|website=www.ekathimerini.com|language=en|access-date=2019-07-08}}

KINAL increased its obtained seats in the 2019 Greek legislative election compared to Democratic Alignment, becoming Greece's third-largest party and securing 22 seats in the Hellenic Parliament.{{Cite web |title=Nationwide {{!}} National elections – July 2019 |url=https://ekloges.ypes.gr/current/v/home/en/parties/ |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=ekloges.ypes.gr}} Following the election, KINAL positioned itself into opposition to the new Mitsotakis Government.{{Cite web |date=7 July 2019 |title=Gennimata: KINAL will mount responsible, policy-based opposition |url=https://www.amna.gr/en/article/375492/%7B%7BngMeta.url%7D%7D |access-date= |website=Athens-Macedonian News Agency}}

Gennimata died on 25 October 2021 at the Evangelismos Hospital in Athens from cancer.{{Cite web |last= |date=25 October 2021 |title=Greek Socialist leader Gennimata dies after long illness |url=https://www.ekathimerini.com/news/1170519/greek-socialist-leader-gennimata-dies-after-long-illness/ |access-date= |website=Kathimerini |language=English}}

Elections for the new leader took place in December 2021, with the main candidates being Andreas Loverdos, Nikos Androulakis, and George Papandreou. Nikos Androulakis was elected to lead the KINAL and PASOK on 12 December 2021.[https://greekreporter.com/2021/12/12/nikos-androulakis-elected-leader-greece-center-left/ Nikos Androulakis Elected New Leader of Greece’s Center-Left]

On 1 April 2022, Androulakis announced an internal referendum to be held on 8 May.{{cite web |date=April 1, 2022 |title=Επίσημο: Ο Ανδρουλάκης μετονομάζει το ΚΙΝΑΛ - Εσωκομματικό δημοψήφισμα 8 Μαΐου, ποιο είναι το πιο πιθανό όνομα |url=https://www.iefimerida.gr/politiki/androylakis-metonomazei-kinal-dimopsifisma-8-maioy |accessdate=March 29, 2024 |website=iefimerida.gr}} The referendum was held to decide whether to rename the alliance to "PASOK – Movement of Change" and also to change the emblem.{{cite web |date=May 6, 2022 |title=Εκλογές ΚΙΝΑΛ: Αυτό είναι το ψηφοδέλτιο για την αλλαγή ονόματος |url=https://www.newsit.gr/politikh/ekloges-kinal-ayto-einai-to-psifodeltio-gia-tin-allagi-onomatos/3519048/ |accessdate=March 29, 2024 |website=newsit.gr}} The proposal to change the emblem and name was accepted with a percentage of 95%.{{cite web |date=May 9, 2022 |title=Εκλογές ΠΑΣΟΚ: 179.005 πολίτες ψήφισαν για την αλλαγή ονόματος – Το 95% επέλεξε ΠΑΣΟΚ-ΚΙΝΑΛ |url=https://www.newsbomb.gr/politikh/story/1311512/ekloges-pasok-179-005-polites-psifisan-95-nai-sto-onoma-pasok-kinima-allagis |accessdate=March 29, 2024 |website=Newsbomb.gr}} The new emblem was unveiled two weeks later, with the traditional green sun having changed hue in a gradient from dark to lighter from left to right.{{cite web |date=May 24, 2022 |title=ΠΑΣΟΚ-Κίνημα Αλλαγής: Αυτό είναι το νέο λογότυπο |url=https://www.kathimerini.gr/politics/561875716/pasok-kinimatos-allagis-ayto-einai-to-neo-logotypo/ |accessdate=March 29, 2024 |publisher=Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ}}{{Cite web |date=2022-05-09 |title=PASOK, the return: Over 170K KINAL members vote for name change |url=https://www.keeptalkinggreece.com/2022/05/09/pasok-kinal-name-change-greece-politics/ |access-date= |website=Keep Talking Greece |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last= |date=24 May 2022 |title=PASOK returns to the green sun |url=https://www.ekathimerini.com/news/1185153/pasok-returns-to-the-green-sun/ |access-date= |website=Kathimerini |language=English}}

By Spring of 2023, PASOK – KINAL had dropped in polling numbers from right when Androulakis was elected, but still managed to reach 11.5% of the vote and elect 41 MPs (up from 8% and 22 MPs) in the May 2023 Greek parliamentary election. In the June elections, "reinforced" proportional representation was implemented, meaning that despite a slight increase in vote share, to 12%, the alliance elected just 32 MPs.

In the 2024 European Parliament elections, the party improved its showing (in comparison to 2019), but remained stagnant from the June 2023 parlimaentary elections and failed to fulfill its goal of reasserting itself as the official opposition. This triggered a crisis within the party, with the credibility of Nikos Androulakis’s leadership being called into question. Some in the party also floated the possibility of an alliance with Syriza in advance of the next legislative elections, including Syriza MP Nikos Pappas and Athens PASOK-aligned mayor Haris Doukas.{{citation needed|date=May 2025}} On 30 June 2024, after internal party pressure, leadership elections were called for 6 October of the same year.

Six candidates were in the ballot at the leadership elections, Nikos Androulakis, Pavlos Geroulanos, Nadia Giannakopoulou, Anna Diamantopoulou, Haris Doukas, and Michalis Katrinis. Androulakis and Doukas made it to the second round, where Androulakis won out on a landslide 20-point victory and was re-elected President. He later became Leader of the Opposition when multiple Syriza MPs left the parliamentary group, making PASOK – KINAL the second-largest party in Parliament.

Composition

The alliance is composed of the following parties{{cn|date=December 2024}}:

class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"

! colspan="2" |

!Party

!Ideology

!Leader

bgcolor="{{party color|Panhellenic Socialist Movement (2016)}}" |

|File:Panellinio Sosialistiko Kinima Logo.svg

|Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK)

|Social democracy

|Nikos Androulakis

bgcolor="{{party color|Movement of Democratic Socialists (Greece)}}" |

|Movement of Democratic Socialists (KIDISO)

|Democratic socialism

|Giorgos Papandreou

|Citizens' Movements for Social Democracy

|Social democracy

|Mihalis Halaris

|Union for Democratic Reform (EDEM)

|Social liberalism

|Apostolos Pontas

|Renewal Left

|Progressivism

|Theodoros Margaritis

Until 2019, the alliance also included the following parties:

class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"

! colspan="2" |

!Party

!Ideology

!Leader

bgcolor="{{party color|The River (Greece)}}" |

|The River (To Potami)

|Social liberalism

|Stavros Theodorakis

|Reformers for Democracy and Development

|Democratic socialism

|Spyros Lykoudis

bgcolor="{{party color|Democratic Left (Greece)}}" |

|File:DIMAR logo.svg

|Democratic Left (DIMAR)

|Democratic socialism

|Thanasis Theocharopoulos

Election results

= Hellenic Parliament =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; line-height:16px;"
rowspan="2" style="width:65px;"\| Election ! colspan="5"\| Hellenic Parliament ! rowspan="2" style="width:30px;"\| Rank ! rowspan="2" style="width:125px;"\| Government ! rowspan="2"\| Leader
style="width:75px;"\| Votes ! style="width:45px;"\| % ! style="width:45px;"\| ±pp ! style="width:100px;"\| Seats won ! style="width:40px;"\| +/−
2019 \| 457,519 \| 8.10% \| New \| {{Infobox political party/seats\|22\|300\|{{party color\|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}} \| New \| #3 \| {{no2\|Opposition}} \| Fofi Gennimata
May 2023 \| 676,166 \| 11.46% \| +3.36 \| {{Infobox political party/seats\|41\|300\|{{party color\|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}} \| {{increase}} 19 \| #3 \| {{partial\|Snap election}} \| rowspan="2"\| Nikos Androulakis
Jun 2023 \| 617,315 \| 11.85% \| +0.39 \| {{Infobox political party/seats\|32\|300\|{{party color\|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}} \| {{decrease}} 9 \| #3 \| {{no2\|Opposition}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; line-height:16px;"

rowspan="2" style="width:65px;"| Election

! colspan="5"| Hellenic Parliament

! rowspan="2" style="width:30px;"| Rank

! rowspan="2" style="width:125px;"| Government

! rowspan="2"| Leader

style="width:75px;"| Votes

! style="width:45px;"| %

! style="width:45px;"| ±pp

! style="width:100px;"| Seats won

! style="width:40px;"| +/−

2019

| 457,519

| 8.10%

| New

| {{Infobox political party/seats|22|300|{{party color|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}}

| New

| #3

| {{no2|Opposition}}

| Fofi Gennimata

May 2023

| 676,166

| 11.46%

| +3.36

| {{Infobox political party/seats|41|300|{{party color|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}}

| {{increase}} 19

| #3

| {{partial|Snap election}}

| rowspan="2"| Nikos Androulakis

Jun 2023

| 617,315

| 11.85%

| +0.39

| {{Infobox political party/seats|32|300|{{party color|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}}

| {{decrease}} 9

| #3

| {{no2|Opposition}}

= European Parliament =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; line-height:16px;"
colspan="9"\|European Parliament
style="width:60px;"\| Election ! style="width:75px;"\| Votes ! style="width:45px;"\| % ! style="width:45px;"\| ±pp ! style="width:100px;"\| Seats won ! style="width:30px;"\| +/− ! style="width:30px;"\| Rank ! Leader ! EP Group
2019 \| 436,735 \| 7.72% \| {{decrease}} 0.30 \| {{Infobox political party/seats\|2\|21\|{{party color\|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}} \| {{steady}} 0 \| #3 \| Fofi Gennimata \| rowspan=2\|S&D
2024 \| 508,399 \| 12.79% \| {{increase}} 5.07 \| {{Infobox political party/seats\|3\|21\|{{party color\|Movement for Change (Greece)}}}} \| {{increase}} 1 \| #3 \| Nikos Androulakis

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; line-height:16px;"

colspan="9"|European Parliament

style="width:60px;"| Election

! style="width:75px;"| Votes

! style="width:45px;"| %

! style="width:45px;"| ±pp

! style="width:100px;"| Seats won

! style="width:30px;"| +/−

! style="width:30px;"| Rank

! Leader

! EP Group

2019