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PCDHA4

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

Protocadherin alpha-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCDHA4 gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Wu Q, Maniatis T | title = A striking organization of a large family of human neural cadherin-like cell adhesion genes | journal = Cell | volume = 97 | issue = 6 | pages = 779–90 |date=Jul 1999 | pmid = 10380929 | doi =10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80789-8 | s2cid = 6014717 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Sugino H, Hamada S, Yasuda R, Tuji A, Matsuda Y, Fujita M, Yagi T | title = Genomic organization of the family of CNR cadherin genes in mice and humans | journal = Genomics | volume = 63 | issue = 1 | pages = 75–87 |date=Apr 2000 | pmid = 10662547 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1999.6066 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PCDHA4 protocadherin alpha 4| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=56144}}

This gene is a member of the protocadherin alpha gene cluster, one of three related gene clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five that demonstrate an unusual genomic organization similar to that of B-cell and T-cell receptor gene clusters. The alpha gene cluster is composed of 15 cadherin superfamily genes related to the mouse CNR genes and consists of 13 highly similar and 2 more distantly related coding sequences. The tandem array of 15 N-terminal exons, or variable exons, are followed by downstream C-terminal exons, or constant exons, which are shared by all genes in the cluster. The large, uninterrupted N-terminal exons each encode six cadherin ectodomains while the C-terminal exons encode the cytoplasmic domain. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins are integral plasma membrane proteins that most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been observed and additional variants have been suggested but their full-length nature has yet to be determined.

References

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Further reading

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  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Yagi T, Takeichi M |title=Cadherin superfamily genes: functions, genomic organization, and neurologic diversity |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=14 |issue= 10 |pages= 1169–80 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10817752 |doi= 10.1101/gad.14.10.1169|s2cid=44844497 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Nollet F, Kools P, van Roy F |title=Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary members |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=299 |issue= 3 |pages= 551–72 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10835267 |doi= 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3777 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Senzaki K, Ogawa M, Yagi T |title=Proteins of the CNR family are multiple receptors for Reelin |journal=Cell |volume=99 |issue= 6 |pages= 635–47 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10612399 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81552-4 |s2cid=14277878 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Wu Q, Maniatis T |title=Large exons encoding multiple ectodomains are a characteristic feature of protocadherin genes |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 7 |pages= 3124–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10716726 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.060027397 | pmc=16203 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Wu Q, Zhang T, Cheng JF, etal |title=Comparative DNA Sequence Analysis of Mouse and Human Protocadherin Gene Clusters |journal=Genome Res. |volume=11 |issue= 3 |pages= 389–404 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11230163 |doi= 10.1101/gr.167301 | pmc=311048 }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, etal |title=The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5 |journal=Nature |volume=431 |issue= 7006 |pages= 268–74 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15372022 |doi= 10.1038/nature02919 |bibcode=2004Natur.431..268S |s2cid=4373053 |url= https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc778955/m2/1/high_res_d/837896.pdf }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, etal |title=A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome |journal=Cell |volume=122 |issue= 6 |pages= 957–68 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16169070 |doi= 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 |hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0 |s2cid=8235923 |hdl-access=free }}

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External links

  • {{PDBe-KB2|O88689|Mouse Protocadherin alpha-4}}

{{PDB Gallery|geneid=56144}}

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