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PCDHGA11

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox gene}}

Protocadherin gamma-A11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCDHGA11 gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Wu Q, Maniatis T | title = A striking organization of a large family of human neural cadherin-like cell adhesion genes | journal = Cell | volume = 97 | issue = 6 | pages = 779–90 |date=Jul 1999 | pmid = 10380929 | doi =10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80789-8 | s2cid = 6014717 | doi-access = free }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PCDHGA11 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 11| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=56105}}

This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome 5. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression.

The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region.

These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes.

References

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Further reading

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  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Nollet F, Kools P, van Roy F |title=Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary members. |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=299 |issue= 3 |pages= 551–72 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10835267 |doi= 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3777 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Yagi T, Takeichi M |title=Cadherin superfamily genes: functions, genomic organization, and neurologic diversity. |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=14 |issue= 10 |pages= 1169–80 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10817752 |doi= 10.1101/gad.14.10.1169|s2cid=44844497 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Waha A, Güntner S, Huang TH, etal |title=Epigenetic silencing of the protocadherin family member PCDH-gamma-A11 in astrocytomas. |journal=Neoplasia |volume=7 |issue= 3 |pages= 193–9 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15799819 |doi= 10.1593/neo.04490 | pmc=1501138 }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Wu Q, Zhang T, Cheng JF, etal |title=Comparative DNA sequence analysis of mouse and human protocadherin gene clusters. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=11 |issue= 3 |pages= 389–404 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11230163 |doi= 10.1101/gr.167301 | pmc=311048 }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, etal |title=Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 7 |pages= 3491–6 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10737800 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491| pmc=16267 |bibcode=2000PNAS...97.3491D |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Wu Q, Maniatis T |title=Large exons encoding multiple ectodomains are a characteristic feature of protocadherin genes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 7 |pages= 3124–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10716726 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.060027397 | pmc=16203 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fleischmann RD, etal |title=Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence. |journal=Nature |volume=377 |issue= 6547 Suppl |pages= 3–174 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7566098 |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/biology/pollack/w4065/client_edit/readings/nature377_3.pdf }}

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