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PCDHGA12

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

{{Infobox gene}}

Protocadherin gamma-A12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCDHGA12 gene.{{cite journal |vauthors=Wu Q, Maniatis T | title = A striking organization of a large family of human neural cadherin-like cell adhesion genes | journal = Cell | volume = 97 | issue = 6 | pages = 779–90 |date=Jul 1999 | pmid = 10380929 | doi =10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80789-8 | s2cid = 6014717 | doi-access = free }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PCDHGA12 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 12| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=26025}}

This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes.

References

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Further reading

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  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Nollet F, Kools P, van Roy F |title=Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary members |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=299 |issue= 3 |pages= 551–72 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10835267 |doi= 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3777 }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Yagi T, Takeichi M |title=Cadherin superfamily genes: functions, genomic organization, and neurologic diversity |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=14 |issue= 10 |pages= 1169–80 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10817752 |doi= 10.1101/gad.14.10.1169|s2cid=44844497 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Clark HF |title=The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment |journal=Genome Res. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2265–70 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12975309 |doi= 10.1101/gr.1293003 | pmc=403697 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Gurney AL | author3=Abaya E | display-authors=3 | last4=Baker | first4=K | last5=Baldwin | first5=D | last6=Brush | first6=J | last7=Chen | first7=J | last8=Chow | first8=B | last9=Chui | first9=C }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Wu Q |title=Comparative DNA Sequence Analysis of Mouse and Human Protocadherin Gene Clusters |journal=Genome Res. |volume=11 |issue= 3 |pages= 389–404 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11230163 |doi= 10.1101/gr.167301 | pmc=311048 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Zhang T | author3=Cheng JF | display-authors=3 | last4=Kim | first4=Y | last5=Grimwood | first5=J | last6=Schmutz | first6=J | last7=Dickson | first7=M | last8=Noonan | first8=JP | last9=Zhang | first9=MQ }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Wu Q, Maniatis T |title=Large exons encoding multiple ectodomains are a characteristic feature of protocadherin genes |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 7 |pages= 3124–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10716726 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.060027397 | pmc=16203 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Nagase T |title=Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro |journal=DNA Res. |volume=5 |issue= 1 |pages= 31–9 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9628581 |doi=10.1093/dnares/5.1.31 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Ishikawa K | author3=Miyajima N | display-authors=3 | last4=Tanaka | first4=A | last5=Kotani | first5=H | last6=Nomura | first6=N | last7=Ohara | first7=O | doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Matsuyoshi N, Imamura S |title=Multiple cadherins are expressed in human fibroblasts |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=235 |issue= 2 |pages= 355–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9199196 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6707 }}

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