PRR23C

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

Proline-rich protein 23C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the proline-rich 23C (PRR23C) gene.

Gene

PRR23C Homo sapiens is located on the long arm of chromosome 3, (3q23) on the antisense strand.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1 | title=Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI}} When pertaining to the mRNA of PRR23C Homo sapiens, it is 2,791 bp in length.{{Cite journal | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/197927230 |title = Homo sapiens proline rich 23C (PRR23C), mRNA|date = May 2019}} PRR23C Homo sapiens has one exon covering the entire length of mRNA (1-2,791 bp).{{Cite journal | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/197927230 |title = Homo sapiens proline rich 23C (PRR23C), mRNA|date = May 2019}}

PRR23C Homo sapiens has a clone name of FLJ46210.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&list_uids=389152 | title=PRR23C proline rich 23C [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI}}

=Expression=

PRR23C Homo sapiens is expressed in the testis.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/ESTProfileViewer.cgi?uglist=Hs.531377 |title = EST Profile - Hs.531377}} Ottolini et al. (2014) discussed the PRR23 family to which they revealed that through RNA sequencing data, that PRR23A, PRR23B and PRR23C are testis-specific genes.{{cite journal|last1=Ottolini|first1=Barbara|last2=Hornsby|first2=Michael J.|last3=Abujaber|first3=Razan|last4=MacArthur|first4=Jacqueline A.L.|last5=Badge|first5=Richard M.|last6=Schwarzacher|first6=Trude|last7=Albertson|first7=Donna G.|last8=Bevins|first8=Charles L.|last9=Solnick|first9=Jay V.|last10=Hollox|first10=Edward J.|title=Evidence of Convergent Evolution in Humans and Macaques Supports an Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation of the b-Defensin-2 Gene|journal=Genome Biology and Evolution|date=October 18, 2014|volume=6|issue=11|pages=3025–3038|doi=10.1093/gbe/evu236|pmid=25349268|pmc=4255768}} Ottolini et al. (2014) believes that this family may be a crucial part for the male reproductive system given their RNA-seq data findings.{{cite journal|last1=Ottolini|first1=Barbara|last2=Hornsby|first2=Michael J.|last3=Abujaber|first3=Razan|last4=MacArthur|first4=Jacqueline A.L.|last5=Badge|first5=Richard M.|last6=Schwarzacher|first6=Trude|last7=Albertson|first7=Donna G.|last8=Bevins|first8=Charles L.|last9=Solnick|first9=Jay V.|last10=Hollox|first10=Edward J.|title=Evidence of Convergent Evolution in Humans and Macaques Supports an Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation of the b-Defensin-2 Gene|journal=Genome Biology and Evolution|date=October 18, 2014|volume=6|issue=11|pages=3025–3038|doi=10.1093/gbe/evu236|pmid=25349268|pmc=4255768}}

Protein

Proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens is 262 amino acids long{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1 | title=Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI}} with a calculated molecular weight of 27,674 Da.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1 | title=Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI}} Proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens has a domain of unknown function (DUF2476) that spans the majority of the protein (1-259 aa) which is a conserved domain.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1 | title=Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI}} DUF2476 belongs to pfam10630 which is a part of superfamily c|11241.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=256097 |title = CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: DUF2476}} DUF2476 is a family of proteins that are rich in proline residues and have unknown function.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=256097 |title = CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: DUF2476}} Proline-rich protein 23C is the preferred name but other aliases include proline-rich protein 23A.{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&list_uids=389152 | title=PRR23C proline rich 23C [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI}}

=Protein composition=

Proline is predicted to be the most abundant amino acid in proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens.Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification. In comparison to the prevalence of amino acids in other human proteins, it is predicted that proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens has a higher abundance of proline along with very low abundances of asparagine, threonine, and lysine.Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification. Orthologs for this protein are predicted to also have a high abundance of proline.Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification.

=Isoelectric point=

The basal isoelectric point for PRR23C Homo sapiens was 4.48 (pH) according to phoshosite.org.{{Cite web | url=http://www.phosphosite.org | title=PhosphoSitePlus | access-date=2020-04-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403134107/https://www.phosphosite.org/ | archive-date=2019-04-03 | url-status=dead }}

=Sub-cellular localization=

Proline-rich protein 23C is predicted to localize to the nucleus for the human protein and its orthologs.PSORTII http://www.genscript.com/psort/psort2.html There are predicted nuclear localization signals seen in both the human proline-rich protein 23C and its orthologs.PSORTII http://www.genscript.com/psort/psort2.html

Homology

=Orthologs=

PRR23C Homo sapiens is strictly conserved in mammals.{{Cite web | url=http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome |title = Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query}}

The table below lists mammalian orthologs for PRR23C Homo sapiens .{{Cite web | url=http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome |title = Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query}}

Genus & Species	Common Name	Accession Number{{Cite web \| url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ \|title = Home - Protein - NCBI}}	Seq. Length{{Cite web \| url=http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome \|title = Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query}}	Seq. Identity{{Cite web \| url=http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome \|title = Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query}}	Seq. Similarity{{Cite web \| url=http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome \|title = Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query}}
class="wikitable"
Homo sapiens	Human	NP_001128129.1	262 aa	100%	100%
Pan troglodytes	Chimpanzee	XP_003310067.1	263 aa	98.50%	98%
Gorilla gorilla gorilla	Western lowland gorilla	XP_004037787.1	263 aa	96.60%	98%
Pongo pygmaeus	Bornean orangutan	XP_002814147.1	263 aa	94.70%	95%
Nomascus leucogenys	Northern white-cheeked gibbon	XP_003265349.1	262 aa	94.70%	95%
Chlorocebus sabaeus	Green monkey	XP_008007123.1	263 aa	92%	94%
Rhinopithecus roxellana	Golden snub-nosed monkey	XP_010365056.1	263 aa	91.60%	93%
Papio anubis	Olive baboon	XP_003895087.1	263 aa	94.70%	93%
Callithrix jacchus	Common marmoset	XP_002759594.1	248 aa	72.90%	77%
Otolemur garnettii	Northern greater galago	XP_003789481.1	267 aa	66.50%	71%
Ceratotherium simum simum	White rhinoceros	XP_004419371.1	263 aa	63.70%	75%
Pteropus alecto	Black flying fox	XP_006907344.1	268 aa	50.90%	68%
Myotis lucifugus	Little brown bat	XP_006083994.1	257 aa	61.20%	64%
Bubalus bubalis	Water buffalo	XP_006070045.1	258 aa	55.40%	62%
Bison bison bison	American bison	XP_010856601.1	258 aa	51.90%	61%
Bos mutus	Yak	XP_005909007.1	258 aa	51.50%	61%
Lipotes vexillifer	Baiji	XP_007458979.1	260 aa	51.50%	64%
Tursiops truncatus	Common bottlenose dolphin	XP_004330081.1	261 aa	54.50%	61%
Balaenoptera acutorostrata scammoni	Minke whale	XP_007170446.1	255 aa	53.60%	61%
Physeter catodon	Sperm whale	XP_007117538.1	260 aa	53.80%	64%
Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii	Prairie deer mouse	XP_006975251.1	266 aa	50.90%	60%

=Paralogs=

There were two paralogs found for PRR23C Homo sapiens: PRR23B and PRR23A. Both have similar sequence identities with PRR23B having 86% identity and PRR23A having 85% identity.{{Cite web | url=http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome |title = Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query}}

References

Category:Human proteins