PZ Telescopii
{{Short description|Star in the constellation Telescopium}}
{{Starbox begin}}
{{Starbox image
| image = 250px
| caption = Visual band light curves for PZ Telescopii, adapted from Innis et al. (1990)
}}
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = J2000
| constell = Telescopium
| dec = {{DEC|−50|10|49.8974}}
}}
{{Starbox character
| type =
| class = G9 IV + M7±1
| u-b =
| variable = BY Dra
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
| prop_mo_ra = {{val|+16.272|(18)}}
| prop_mo_dec = {{val|−85.519|(17)}}
| parallax = 21.1621
| p_error = 0.0223
}}
{{Starbox orbit
| period = {{val|120|110|30}}
| axis_unitless = {{val|27|14|4|ul=AU}}
| eccentricity = {{val|0.52|0.08|0.10}}
| inclination = {{val|91.73|0.36|0.32}}
| node = {{val|238.62|0.21|0.23}}
| periastron = {{val|1997.2|4.7|1.8}}
| periarg = {{val|50|50|30}}
}}
{{Starbox detail
| mass = {{val|1.13|0.03}}
| radius = {{Val|1.23|0.04}}
| luminosity = {{Val|0.993|0.004|0.005}}{{Cite Gaia DR2|6655168686921108864}}
| gravity = {{val|4.41|0.10}}
| temperature = {{val|5338|200|fmt=commas}}
| metal_fe = {{Val|+0.05|0.20}}
| rotation = {{val|0.943|0.002}}
| rotational_velocity = {{Val|69.0|0.1}}
| age_myr = {{val|24|3}}
| component2 = B
| temperature2 = {{Val|2700|100|fmt=commas}}
}}
{{Starbox catalog
| names = {{odlist | V=PZ Tel | CD=−50°12190 | HD=174429 | HIP=92680 | PPM=347231 | SAO=245781 | WDS=J18531-5011AB }}
}}
{{Starbox reference
| Simbad = V*+PZ+Tel
}}
{{End}}
PZ Telescopii, also known as HD 174429 or simply PZ Tel, is a young star in the constellation Telescopium. Based on parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of 154 light-years from the Sun. The star is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −4 km/s. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye and is classified as a BY Draconis variable that ranges in apparent visual magnitude from 8.33 down to 8.63 over a period of {{convert|0.94088|days|hours|abbr=off|order=flip}}. It is one of the closest and hence brightest pre-main-sequence stars to Earth.
PZ Telescopii has an effective surface temperature of around 5,338 K (the Sun has an approximate surface temperature of 5,778 K), a mass around 1.13 times, and diameter 1.23 times that of the Sun. The star has a high rate of spin, showing a projected rotational velocity of 69 km/s and a rotation period of {{Convert|0.943|days|hours|disp=out}}. It is radiating about the same luminosity as the Sun. PZ Telescopii was originally considered to be a member of the Beta Pictoris moving group; however in a 2012 paper, James Jenkins of Universidad de Chile and colleagues used three methods to calculate its age and came up with a figure of around 24 million years—significantly older than the 12 million years of the association.
This star has an orbiting debris disk calculated to span from a radius of 35 to 165 astronomical units (AU), as well as a substellar companion with about 28 or 36 times the mass of Jupiter orbiting at a distance of about 16 AU, discovered in 2009 independently by two teams.{{Cite journal |last=Mugrauer |first=M. |last2=Vogt |first2=N. |last3=Neuhäuser |first3=R. |last4=Schmidt |first4=T. O. B. |date=November 2010 |title=Direct detection of a substellar companion to the young nearby star PZ Telescopii |url=http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015523 |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=523 |pages=L1 |arxiv=1008.4506 |bibcode=2010A&A...523L...1M |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201015523 |issn=0004-6361}} The companion, currently known as PZ Tel B, is thought to be a brown dwarf; however it is possible (though very unlikely) that it is an extremely large Jupiter-like planet,{{Cite journal |last=Schmidt |first=T. O. B. |last2=Mugrauer |first2=M. |last3=Neuhäuser |first3=R. |last4=Vogt |first4=N. |last5=Witte |first5=S. |last6=Hauschildt |first6=P. H. |last7=Helling |first7=Ch. |last8=Seifahrt |first8=A. |date=June 2014 |title=First spectroscopic observations of the substellar companion of the young debris disk star PZ Telescopii |url=http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321625 |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=566 |pages=A85 |arxiv=1404.2870 |bibcode=2014A&A...566A..85S |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201321625 |issn=0004-6361}} in which case it would be PZ Tel b, and the first such planet to be directly imaged. Preliminary orbital elements from 2016 give a best fit orbital period of 622.2 years with an eccentricity of 0.755.
The mass and orbit of this companion were updated in 2023 based on Hipparcos and Gaia astrometry, finding a somewhat lower mass, and an edge-on orbit that is eccentric but less so than previous results. It is now included in the NASA Exoplanet Archive since its nominal mass of {{Jupiter mass|27|link=y}} is below their upper limit of {{Jupiter mass|30}}, although the margin of error is large enough that it is still possible that the mass exceeds {{Jupiter mass|30}}.{{cite web |url=https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/overview/PZ%20Tel |title=PZ Tel |publisher=NASA Exoplanet Archive |access-date=29 May 2023}}{{cite web |url=https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/docs/exoplanet_criteria.html |title=Exoplanet Criteria for Inclusion in the Archive |publisher=NASA Exoplanet Archive |access-date=29 May 2023}}
File:An unusual Brown Dwarf (noaoann10016a).jpg showing PZ Tel A and its brown dwarf companion PZ Tel B. Image analysis techniques were used to remove the vast majority of light from PZ Tel A. On the right the range of sizes of a brown dwarf compared to Jupiter and the Earth is illustrated.]]
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Cite Gaia DR3|6655168686921108864}}
{{cite simbad | title=V* PZ Tel | accessdate=1 July 2014 }}
| title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation
| last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch.
| journal=Astronomy Letters | arxiv=1108.4971
| volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012
| bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015 | s2cid=119257644 }}
| last1=Torres | first1=C. A. O. | last2=Quast | first2=G. R.
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| volume=460 | issue=3 | pages=695–708 | date=December 1, 2006
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20065602 | issn=0004-6361
| bibcode=2006A&A...460..695T | arxiv=astro-ph/0609258 | s2cid=16080025 }}
| display-authors=1 | last1=Samus | first1=N. N.
| last2=Kazarovets | first2=E. V. | last3=Durlevich | first3=O. V.
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| year=2017 | volume=61 | issue=1 | pages=80–88
| bibcode=2017ARep...61...80S | doi=10.1134/S1063772917010085 | s2cid=125853869 }}
| title=First light of the VLT planet finder SPHERE. II. The physical properties and the architecture of the young systems PZ Telescopii and HD 1160 revisited
| display-authors=1 | last1=Maire | first1=A. -L.
| last2=Bonnefoy | first2=M. | last3=Ginski | first3=C.
| last4=Vigan | first4=A. | last5=Messina | first5=S.
| last6=Mesa | first6=D. | last7=Galicher | first7=R.
| last8=Gratton | first8=R. | last9=Desidera | first9=S.
| last10=Kopytova | first10=T. G. | last11=Millward | first11=M.
| last12=Thalmann | first12=C. | last13=Claudi | first13=R. U.
| last14=Ehrenreich | first14=D. | last15=Zurlo | first15=A.
| last16=Chauvin | first16=G. | last17=Antichi | first17=J.
| last18=Baruffolo | first18=A. | last19=Bazzon | first19=A.
| last20=Beuzit | first20=J. -L. | last21=Blanchard | first21=P.
| last22=Boccaletti | first22=A. | last23=de Boer | first23=J.
| last24=Carle | first24=M. | last25=Cascone | first25=E.
| last26=Costille | first26=A. | last27=De Caprio | first27=V.
| last28=Delboulbé | first28=A. | last29=Dohlen | first29=K.
| last30=Dominik | first30=C. | last31=Feldt | first31=M.
| last32=Fusco | first32=T. | last33=Girard | first33=J. H.
| last34=Giro | first34=E. | last35=Gisler | first35=D.
| last36=Gluck | first36=L. | last37=Gry | first37=C.
| last38=Henning | first38=T. | last39=Hubin | first39=N.
| last40=Hugot | first40=E. | last41=Jaquet | first41=M.
| last42=Kasper | first42=M. | last43=Lagrange | first43=A. -M.
| last44=Langlois | first44=M. | last45=Le Mignant | first45=D.
| last46=Llored | first46=M. | last47=Madec | first47=F.
| last48=Martinez | first48=P. | last49=Mawet | first49=D.
| last50=Milli | first50=J. | last51=Möller-Nilsson | first51=O.
| last52=Mouillet | first52=D. | last53=Moulin | first53=T.
| last54=Moutou | first54=C. | last55=Origné | first55=A.
| last56=Pavlov | first56=A. | last57=Petit | first57=C.
| last58=Pragt | first58=J. | last59=Puget | first59=P.
| last60=Ramos | first60=J. | last61=Rochat | first61=S.
| last62=Roelfsema | first62=R. | last63=Salasnich | first63=B.
| last64=Sauvage | first64=J. -F. | last65=Schmid | first65=H. M.
| last66=Turatto | first66=M. | last67=Udry | first67=S.
| last68=Vakili | first68=F. | last69=Wahhaj | first69=Z.
| last70=Weber | first70=L. | last71=Wildi | first71=F.
| journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
| volume=587 | id=A56 | pages=24 | date=March 2016
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201526594 | arxiv=1511.04072
| bibcode=2016A&A...587A..56M | s2cid=44360238 }}
| last1=Jenkins | first1=J. S. | last2=Pavlenko | first2=Y. V.
| last3=Ivanyuk | first3=O. | last4=Gallardo | first4=J.
| last5=Jones | first5=M. I. | last6=Day-Jones | first6=A. C.
| last7=Jones | first7=H. R. A. | last8=Ruiz | first8=M. T.
| last9=Pinfield | first9=D. J. | last10=Yakovina | first10=L.
| title=Benchmark Cool Companions: Ages and Abundances for the PZ Telescopii System
| display-authors=4 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| volume=420 | issue=4 | pages=3587–98 | date=2012
| bibcode=2012MNRAS.420.3587J | arxiv=1111.7001
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20280.x | doi-access=free | s2cid=18735984 }}
{{cite journal |last1=Biller |first1=Beth A. |last2=Liu |first2=Michael C. |display-authors=etal |date=September 2010 |title=The Gemini NICI Planet-finding Campaign: Discovery of a Close Substellar Companion to the Young Debris Disk Star PZ Tel |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume=720 |issue=1 |pages=L82–L87 |doi=10.1088/2041-8205/720/1/L82 |arxiv=1007.4808 |bibcode=2010ApJ...720L..82B}}
{{cite journal |last1=Franson |first1=Kyle |last2=Bowler |first2=Brendan P. |date=June 2023 |title=Dynamical Mass of the Young Brown Dwarf Companion PZ Tel B |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=165 |issue=6 |pages=246 |doi=10.3847/1538-3881/acca18 |arxiv=2304.01302 |bibcode=2023AJ....165..246F |doi-access=free }}
{{cite press release | author= | title=An unusual Brown Dwarf | url=https://noirlab.edu/public/announcements/noaoann10016/ | publisher=NOIRLab | date=2010-09-30 | access-date=2025-06-13}}
}}
External links
- {{cite web
| url=http://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=36567
| title=PZ Telescopii | last=Watson | first=Christopher
| date=19 April 2012| work=AAVSO Website
| publisher=American Association of Variable Star Observers
| accessdate=1 July 2014 }}
{{Stars of Telescopium}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:PZ Telescopii}}