Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve
{{Short description|Biosphere reserve in India, designated in 2009}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
File:Pachmarhi valley Madhya Pradesh INDIA.jpg
The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve is a non-use conservation area and biosphere reserve in the Satpura Range of Madhya Pradesh state in Central India.{{Cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/india/pachmarhi/|title=Panchmarhi - United Nations Educations}}
The conservation area was created in 1999 by the Indian government. It also contains animals from the Himalayan mountains and from the lower Western Ghats. UNESCO designated it a biosphere reserve in 2009.
Geography
The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve is located within areas of Narmadapuram, Betul, and Chhindwara Districts in Madhya Pradesh.{{Cite web|url=http://www.transindiatravels.com/madhya-pradesh/pachmarhi-biosphere-reserve/|title= Complete Guide to Panchamarhi Biosphere Reserve|date= 19 December 2016}}
The biosphere reserve's total area is {{convert|4926.28|km2|acres}}. It includes three wildlife conservation units:{{Cite web|url=https://www.quora.com/What-does-the-Pachmarhi-Biosphere-Reserve-consist-ofhttps://www.quora.com/What-does-the-Pachmarhi-Biosphere-Reserve-consist-of|title=What does Panchamarhi Reserve consists of - Quora}}
- Bori Sanctuary (518.00 km2)
- Pachmarhi Sanctuary (461.37 km2).
- Satpura National Park (524.37 km2)
Satpura National Park is designated as the core zone and the remaining area of 4401.91 km2, including the Bori and Pachmarhi sanctuaries, serves as the buffer zone.
Ecology
The reserve is composed primarily of forest habitats, and is a critical transition zone between the forest species of western and eastern India.
= Flora =
File:Flowering in Chironji plant at Pachmarchi hill.jpg) growing at Pachmarchi hill]]
The forests are dominated by teak (Tectona grandis). They include the westernmost groves of sal (Shorea robusta), which is the dominant tree of eastern India's forests. Other endemic vegetation includes wild mango, silver fern, jamun and arjun.National Council of Educational Research and Training. "Science: Textbook for Class VIII". Publication Department, 2010, p.800
. The Cuddapah almond trees are abundantly found over the hills of Pachmarchi.
Fourteen ethno-botanical plant species that occur in PBR have been studied, which are traded from the selected villages of the buffer zone area of PBR. Different plant parts of these important species are collected by the local people for their own consumption and trade. A part of the reserve vegetation has been studied by Prof. Chandra Prakash Kala, especially with respect to the indigenous uses of the plants.
=Fauna=
Large mammal species include tigers, leopard, wild bear, gaur (Bos gaurus), chital deer (Axis axis), muntjac deer, sambar deer (Cervus multicolor), and rhesus macaque live in the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.{{Cite web|url=https://www.toppr.com/bytes/pachmarhi-biosphere-reserve-madhya-pradesh/|title=Panchamaarhi Biosphere Reserve Madhya Pradesh - Toppr}}
The endemic fauna includes chinkara, nilgai, Asian wild dogs, the Indian wolf, gaur, Indian giant squirrels, and flying squirrels.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927183513/http://envfor.nic.in/news/may99/pachmar.html "Pachmarhi - New Biosphere Reserve"]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070128002515/http://cpreec.org/04_phamplets/21_biosphere%20reserves/biosphere%20reserve.htm Biosphere Reserves of India]
- [https://archive.today/20130108083254/http://picasaweb.google.co.in/dineshnema/Anhoni%235342994372020799474 Enviro News, May 1999]
{{Narmada basin}}
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Category:Biosphere reserves of India
Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh
Category:Tourist attractions in Hoshangabad district