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Paide

{{Short description|Town in Estonia}}

{{about|the town|the administrative unit|Paide (urban municipality)|the Austrian town|Weißenstein}}

{{more citations needed|date=July 2013}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Paide

| settlement_type = Town

| image_skyline = Paide ordulinnuse varemed 2013.JPG

| imagesize =

| image_caption = Paide castle

| image_blank_emblem =

| blank_emblem_type =

| blank_emblem_size =

| nickname =

| motto =

| pushpin_map = Estonia

| pushpin_label_position = bottom

| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Estonia

| coordinates = {{coord|58|53|00|N|25|33|26|E|region:EE|display=inline,title}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{EST}}

| subdivision_type1 = County

| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of et-Järva maakond.svg|size=20px}} Järva County

| subdivision_type2 = Municipality

| subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Paide lipp.svg|size=20px}} Paide

| established_title =

| established_date =

| area_footnotes =

| area_total_km2 = 10.036

| population_footnotes = [http://pub.stat.ee/px-web.2001/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=PO0240&lang=1 Population by sex, age and place of residence after the 2017 administrative reform, 1 January]. Statistics Estonia.

| population_total = 8073

| population_as_of = 2024

| population_rank = 19th

| demographics_type1 = Ethnicity (2021)

| demographics1_footnotes =

| demographics1_title1 = Estonians

| demographics1_info1 = 92.3%

| demographics1_title2 = Russians

| demographics1_info2 = 3.23%

| demographics1_title3 = other

| demographics1_info3 = 4.47%

| population_density_km2 = auto

| timezone = EET

| utc_offset = +2

| timezone_DST = EEST

| utc_offset_DST = +3

| postal_code_type =

| postal_code =

| website =

}}

File:Paide 2021.webm

Paide is a town in Estonia and the capital of Järva County, one of the 15 counties of Estonia.

Etymology

Paide's German name {{lang|de|Weißenstein}} (originally {{lang|nds|Wittenstein}} or {{lang|nds|Wittensten}} in Low German) means 'white stone'. This name was derived from the limestone used for the construction of Paide Castle. A Latin translation, {{lang|la|Albus Lapis}}, has also been used.Ühendus Weissenstein, [http://www.weissenstein.ee/articles.php?id=52 Paide Linna Nimed (accessed 1 January 2013) ] The Estonian name {{lang|et|Paide}} was first recorded in 1564 as {{lang|et|Paida}}. It is thought to derive from the word {{lang|et|paas}}, {{lang|et|pae}}, meaning 'limestone'.{{cn|date=December 2024}}

Sights

File:Paidenkirkko.jpg]]

=Paide Vallitorn=

A castle was built in Paide by order of Konrad von Mandern, master of the Livonian Order, sometime in 1265 or 1266. It was from the beginning constructed around the central tower or keep, locally known as Tall Hermann tower or Vallitorn. With its six storeys, the tower has always been the core of the castle complex. The fortress was strengthened during the 14th and 15th centuries, when the surrounding walls were enlarged and towers added. It was also modernised to be able to meet the new threat of firearms. During the 16th century, the castle was again modified through the addition of outer bastions.{{cite book | last = Viirand| first = Tiiu| title = Estonia. Cultural Tourism | publisher = Kunst Publishers | year = 2004 | pages = 95–96| isbn = 9949407184 }}

During the Livonian War, the castle was repeatedly besieged by Russian troops, and in 1573 it was occupied by troops loyal to Ivan the Terrible. After that, the castle changed hands several times. It was also involved in the fighting during the 1600-1611 Polish-Swedish War, in the so-called Siege of Weissenstein.

In 1895-1897 restoration work was carried out on the central tower and some other parts of the castle. However, in 1941, during World War II, retreating Soviet troops blew up the central tower and it was not repaired until after Estonia regained its independence, in 1990–1993.

Today the restored central tower houses a part of Järva County museum.

=Paide Church=

Paide Church originally dates from the 16th century; however, it has been very badly damaged in both war and fire on several occasions, and the present-day building dates mainly from a reconstruction which took place in 1909-1910 under the supervision of architect J. C. Mühlhausen.

Demographics

class="wikitable sortable"

|+Ethnic Composition 1922-2021

! rowspan="2" |Ethnicity

! colspan="2" |1922{{Cite book |url=http://www.digar.ee/id/nlib-digar:440178 |title=1922 a. üldrahvalugemise andmed. Vihk I ja II, Rahva demograafiline koosseis ja korteriolud Eestis |publisher=Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo |year=1924 |isbn=9789916103067 |location=Tallinn |page=33 |language=et, fr |via=Digar}}

! colspan="2" |1934{{Cite book |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10062/4439 |title=Rahvastiku koostis ja korteriolud. 1.III 1934 rahvaloenduse andmed. Vihk II |publisher=Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo |year=1935 |location=Tallinn |pages=47–53 |language=et, fr |hdl=10062/4439}}

! colspan="2" |1941{{Cite book |url=http://www.digar.ee/id/nlib-digar:117429 |title=Eesti Statistika : kuukiri 1942-03/04 |publisher=Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo |year=1942 |editor-last= |location=Tallinn |pages=66-67 |language=de, et}}

! colspan="2" |1959{{Cite book |last=Katus |first=Kalev |url=https://www.ester.ee/record=b1055793*est |title=Rahvastiku ühtlusarvutatud sündmus- ja loendusstatistika: Järvamaa 1965-1990 |last2=Puur |first2=Allan |last3=Põldma |first3=Asta |last4=Sakkeus |first4=Luule |date= |publisher=Eesti Kõrgkoolidevaheline Demouuringute Keskus |others= |year=1996 |isbn=9985-820-22-3 |series=Sari C |location=Tallinn |pages=31-32 |language=et, en}}

! colspan="2" |1970{{Cite book |url=https://www.ester.ee/record=b1655518*est |title=Население районов, городов и поселков городского типа Эстонской ССР : по данным Всесоюзной переписи населения на 15 января 1970 года |publisher=Eesti NSV Statistika Keskvalitsus |year=1972 |location=Tallinn |page=77 |language=ru}}

! colspan="2" |1979{{cite book |url=https://www.digar.ee/viewer/et/nlib-digar:375699/330970/page/30 |title=Eesti Vabariigi maakondade, linnade ja alevite rahvastik. 1. osa, Rahvaarv rahvuse, perekonnaseisu, hariduse ja elatusallikate järgi : 1989. a. rahvaloenduse andmed |publisher=Eesti Vabariigi Riiklik Statistikaamet |year=1990 |isbn=978-9949-7193-2-7 |location=Tallinn |pages=29, 34 |language=et |via=Digar}}

! colspan="2" |1989

! colspan="2" |2000{{Cite web |title=RL222: RAHVASTIK ELUKOHA JA RAHVUSE JÄRGI |url=https://andmed.stat.ee:443/pxweb/et/stat/stat__rahvaloendus__rel2000__rahvus-emakeel-veerkeelte-oskus/RL222.px/ |access-date= |website=Estonian Statistical Database |language=et}}

! colspan="2" |2011{{cite web |title=RL0429: RAHVASTIK RAHVUSE, SOO, VANUSERÜHMA JA ELUKOHA JÄRGI, 31. DETSEMBER 2011 |url=https://andmed.stat.ee/et/stat/rahvaloendus__rel2011__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__rahvus-emakeel-ja-keelteoskus-murded/RL0429 |access-date=4 February 2021 |website=Estonian Statistical Database}}

! colspan="2" |2021{{Cite web |title=RL21429: Rahvastik Rahvuse, Soo, Vanuserühma Ja ELukoha (Haldusüksus) Järgi, 31. DETSEMBER 2021 |url=https://andmed.stat.ee:443/pxweb/et/stat/stat__rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__rahvus-emakeel/RL21429.px/ |access-date= |website=Estonian Statistical Database |language=et}}

amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

!amount

!%

Estonians

|2693

|90.5

|3070

|93.5

|2927

|98.3

|5351

|91.7

|6774

|85.6

|8363

|86.7

|9411

|86.7

|8683

|90.1

|7602

|92.4

|7312

|92.3

Russians

|61

|2.05

|38

|1.16

|14

|0.47

| -

| -

|560

|7.08

|806

|8.36

|926

|8.54

|512

|5.31

|359

|4.36

|256

|3.23

Ukrainians

| -

| -

|0

|0.00

| -

| -

| -

| -

|47

|0.59

|85

|0.88

|156

|1.44

|120

|1.24

|87

|1.06

|160

|2.02

Belarusians

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

|27

|0.34

|35

|0.36

|50

|0.46

|20

|0.21

|15

|0.18

|26

|0.33

Finns

| -

| -

|2

|0.06

|1

|0.03

| -

| -

|153

|1.93

|158

|1.64

|152

|1.40

|115

|1.19

|60

|0.73

|46

|0.58

Jews

|12

|0.40

|18

|0.55

|0

|0.00

| -

| -

|4

|0.05

|1

|0.01

|2

|0.02

|3

|0.03

|1

|0.01

|0

|0.00

Latvians

| -

| -

|7

|0.21

|3

|0.10

| -

| -

|9

|0.11

|20

|0.21

|8

|0.07

|3

|0.03

|2

|0.02

|9

|0.11

Germans

|175

|5.88

|132

|4.02

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

|67

|0.69

|41

|0.38

|24

|0.25

|18

|0.22

|11

|0.14

Tatars

| -

| -

|0

|0.00

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

| -

|5

|0.05

|3

|0.03

|4

|0.04

|2

|0.02

|3

|0.04

Poles

| -

| -

|1

|0.03

|4

|0.13

| -

| -

| -

| -

|25

|0.26

|15

|0.14

|20

|0.21

|16

|0.19

|9

|0.11

Lithuanians

| -

| -

|1

|0.03

|0

|0.00

| -

| -

|8

|0.10

|9

|0.09

|9

|0.08

|7

|0.07

|5

|0.06

|4

|0.05

unknown

|0

|0.00

|0

|0.00

|3

|0.10

|0

|0.00

|0

|0.00

|0

|0.00

|0

|0.00

|61

|0.63

|12

|0.15

|41

|0.52

other

|35

|1.18

|16

|0.49

|26

|0.87

|486

|8.33

|329

|4.16

|67

|0.69

|76

|0.70

|70

|0.73

|49

|0.60

|50

|0.63

Total

!2976

!100

!3285

!100

!2978

!100

!5837

!100

!7911

!100

!9641

!100

!10849

!100

!9642

!100

!8228

!100

!7926

!100.01

Sports

Paide is home to Paide linnastaadion, the home ground of Meistriliiga football team Paide Linnameeskond.

Notable residents

Gallery

HulsiusPaide.jpg|View of Paide, made sometime before 1632

Paide keskväljak.jpg|Town square

Paide kohtuhoone. No 15061 Paide.JPG|Courthouse

Paide Saksa Tütarlaste Eragümnaasiumi hoone 02.JPG|Hospital clinic (former German Girls' Private Gymnasium)

Paide raehoone.JPG|Paide Town Hall

Järvamaa Muuseum.JPG|Järvamaa Museum

Paide Muusika- ja Teatrimaja 1.01.2021.jpg|Music and Theatre House

Paide Gymnasium building.jpg|Paide Gymnasium

See also

References

{{reflist}}

External links

{{Commons category|Paide}}

  • [http://www.weissenstein.ee Ühendus Weissenstein] {{in lang|et}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20090315095615/http://laura.paide.ee:8888/local/video.html Webcam from Paide keskväljak]

{{Cities of Estonia}}

{{Paide (urban municipality)}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cities and towns in Estonia

Category:Castles of the Livonian Order

Category:Populated places established in the 13th century

Category:1291 establishments in Europe

Category:13th-century establishments in Estonia

Category:Kreis Jerwen

Category:Populated places in Järva County