Pakbirra Jain temples
{{short description|Jain temples in the state of West Bengal}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox religious building
| religious_affiliation = Jainism
| image = File:Pakbirra Jain Shrine of Purulia 03 (cropped).jpg
| alt = Purulia Jain temple
| caption = Purulia Deul
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| map_type =
| map_alt =
| map_size = 200
| map_caption = Location within West Bengal
| coordinates =
| location = Purulia, West Bengal
| festivals = Mahavir Jayanti
| deity = Tirthankaras
| established = 9th century CE
| completed =
| creator =
| governing_body =
| temple_quantity = 3
| architecture_style = Pala architecture
}}
Pakbirra Jain temples is a group of three Jain temples in Pakbirra village in Purulia district of West Bengal.{{sfn|Hunter|1886|p=282}}
History
Purulia was an important Jain center from 6th to 13th century. The Pakbirra Jain complex dates back to {{circa|9th century}}.{{sfn|Majumder|2014|pp=1-2}}{{sfn|Bautze-Picron|1993|p=282}}
Architecture
The temple complex consist of three stone temples,{{sfn|West Bengal tourism}} the smallest in eastern side and two in the north. These temples are built in triratha nagara style. There are fragments of large amalaka, and the stone kalasha with lotus buds. The principal temple is large and contains preliminary chambers and sanctum. The temple in west, enshrined the {{convert|7.5|ft|m}} colossal idol of a Padmaprabha with lotus emblem stamped on pedestal.{{sfn|Beglar|1878|p=193}} The temple also has sculptures of eight tirthankaras, including three idols of Rishabhanatha, two of Mahavira, Sambhavanatha, Padmaprabha, Chandraprabha in kayotsarga posture and idols of two Yaksha and Yakshi beneath a tree with an image of Jina on top.{{sfn|Beglar|1878|p=193}}{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=157}} Three ayagapata or votive stupas and an idol of Ambika standing beneath a flowering tree with her children and an attendant with lion as her vehicle.{{sfn|Purulia district}} The temple also enshrines {{lang|sa|patta}} with 360 Jina figurine.{{sfn|Majumder|2012|p=1254}}
Pakbirra Jain complex also has an open-air museum with sculptures of Jain deities.{{sfn|Gupta|2018}}
Gallery
File:Large Statues of Padmaprabha at Pakbirra 07.jpg|{{convert|7.5|ft|m}} Padmaprabha
File:Statue of Adinath at Pakbirra Jain Shrine of Purulia 05.jpg|Rishabhanatha
File:30 Close-up of a statue of Shantinath.jpg|Shantinatha
Statue of Ambika at Pakbirra.jpg|Statue of Ambika at Pakbirra
File:Deul at Banda, Purulia WLM2016-0207.jpg|Jain temple in Banda
References
= Citation =
{{Reflist|23em}}
= Sources =
== Book ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
- {{cite book |last=Beglar |first=J. D. | author-link=Joseph David Beglar |title=Archaeological Survey of India | volume=8 |date=1878 |url={{Google books|wKlShVwVpTAC|page=193|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=Government central Press | location=Calcutta }}
- {{cite book |last=Hunter |first=William Wilson | author-link=William Wilson Hunter |title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India | volume=9 | series=The Imperial Gazetteer of India | edition=2 |date=1886 |url={{Google books|97QBAAAAYAAJ|page=282|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=Trübner & Company | location=London }}
- {{cite book |last=Shah |first=Umakant Premanand | author-link=Umakant Premanand Shah |title=Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana: Jaina iconography |date=1987 |url={{Google books|m_y_P4duSXsC|page=157|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=978-81-7017-208-6 }}
{{refend}}
== Web ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
- {{cite journal | last=Bautze-Picron | first= Claudine | title=Crying Leaves: Some Remarks on 'The Art of Pāla India (8th-12th Centuries) and Its International Legacy | journal=East and West | volume=43 | issue=1 | year=1993 | pages=277–94 | jstor=29757097 | url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/29757097 | access-date=20 January 2023}}
- {{cite journal | last=Majumder | first=Shubha | title=Newly Discovered Jaina Antiquities From Cheliyama, District Purulia, West Bengal: An Archaeological Perspective | journal=Indian History Congress | volume=73 | year=2012 | pages=1250–60 | jstor=44156326 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/44156326 | access-date=20 January 2023}}
- {{cite web | last=Gupta | first=Amitabha | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/explore/story/68984/rediscover-purulias-timeless-heritage | title=Rediscover Purulia's Timeless Heritage | work=Outlook traveller | date=22 August 2018 |access-date =28 January 2020}}
- {{cite web | last=Majumder| first=Shobha | title=Understanding the archaeological contexts and iconic details of Jaina antiquities from rakṣatpura and śaṅkā, district Puruliā, West Bengal | url=https://www.soas.ac.uk/ijjs/file90047.pdf | series=International Journal of Jaina Studies | work=SOAS University of London | volume=1 | date=2014}}
- {{cite web|url=http://purulia.gov.in/tourntravel/tour_archeo.html|title=Travel and Tourism : Purulia| work=The Official Website of Purulia District| access-date=24 January 2021|ref={{SfnRef|Purulia district}} }}
- {{cite web|url=https://www.wbtourismgov.in/destination/place/jain_temple | work=Department of Tourism (West Bengal) |title=Jain pilgrimage| access-date=24 January 2021 |ref={{SfnRef|West Bengal tourism}} }}
{{refend}}
External links
- {{commons category-inline|Temples in Pakbirra}}
{{Jain temples}}
{{Jainism Topics}}
Category:Jain temples in West Bengal