Palaemon antrorum

{{Short description|Species of crustacean}}

{{Speciesbox

| status = EN

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=De Grave, S. |author2=Rogers, C. |date=2013 |title=Palaemonetes antrorum |volume=2013 |page=e.T15885A788902 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T15885A788902.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}

| taxon = Palaemon antrorum

| authority = (J. E. Benedict, 1896)

| synonyms = * Palaemonetes antrorum J.E. Benedict, 1896

}}

Palaemon antrorum, also known as the Balcones cave shrimp and the Texas cave shrimp, is a species of palaemonid shrimp endemic to Texas.{{Cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Palaemon antrorum (Benedict, 1896) |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=932382 |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.marinespecies.org}} It is listed as an endangered species on the IUCN Red List, and as a Species of Concern by the United States Endangered Species Act.{{FWS profile |spcode=K01M |name=Texas cave shrimp |sci=Palaemonetes antrorum |date=October 19, 2010}}

The species' type locality is an artesian well on what is now the campus of Texas State University–San Marcos in San Marcos, Texas.{{cite thesis |author=James Thomas Collins |year=1998 |title=A phylogenetic study of the shrimp genus Palaemonetes Heller, 1869 from North America (Crustacea: Decapoda) |publisher=Texas Tech University |degree=Doctor of Philosophy |url=http://etd.lib.ttu.edu/theses/available/etd-09262008-31295013264949/unrestricted/31295013264949.pdf |access-date=2010-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720071438/http://etd.lib.ttu.edu/theses/available/etd-09262008-31295013264949/unrestricted/31295013264949.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-20 |url-status=dead }} It has also been reported from Edwards Aquifer west to Uvalde County.